Fortified Wine

Question 1

What are the traditional fermentation vessels of port called?

Answer 1

Lagares

Question 2

What is beneficio?

Answer 2

The fortification of port wine

(Mutage in French)

Question 3

What is the name of the neutral spirit used to fortify port?

Answer 3

Aguardente

Question 4

What is the name for the traditional barrel used to age and ship port?

Answer 4

Pipe: 550-620L

Question 5

How long must vintage port be aged?

Answer 5

3 years

Question 6

Is vintage port tawny or ruby?

Answer 6

ruby

Question 7

Name the styles of Ruby port: (5)

Answer 7

Ruby

Ruby Reserve

LBV

Vintage

Single Quinta Vintage

Question 8

Name the styles of tawny port (4):

Answer 8

Tawny

Tawny with age designation

Tawny reserve

Colheita Tawny

Question 9

How long must reserve tawny be aged before release?

Answer 9

7 years

Question 10

Describe Colheita Tawny:

Answer 10

VIntage tawny aged 7 years in cask before release

Question 11

What is Torna Viagem?

Answer 11

“Round Trip” refers to sea voyages of Madeira

Question 12

Name the two islands allowed to produce Madeira DOP?

Answer 12

Madeira

Porto Santo

Question 13

How many registered production companies are on Madeira currently?

Answer 13

8

Question 14

If a grape is stated on NV Madeira how much of the grape must that bottle contain?

Answer 14

85%

Question 15

Vintage Madeira must contain how much of a stated grape?

Answer 15

100%

Question 16

Name the Madeira styles sweetest to driest:

Answer 16

Malvasia (Malmsey)

Boal

Verdelho

Sercial

Question 17

Name the styles of Madeira driest to sweetest:

Answer 17

Sercial

Verdelho

Boal

Malvasia (Malmsey)

Question 18

What is the name of the tank used to heat Madeira?

Answer 18

Estufagem

Question 19

Estufagem wines must be aged how long?

Answer 19

2 years

Question 20

What is estagio?

Answer 20

90 day resting period after estufagem

Question 21

What is canteiro method?

Answer 21

a more gentle form of heating wines where they are place in the attic and exposed to gentle natural heat

Question 22

Canteiro wines must be aged how long?

Answer 22

3 years

Question 23

Rainwater madeira is usually made from what grape?

Answer 23

100% Tinta Negra

Question 24

Selecciando Madeira must be aged how long?

Answer 24

3-5 years max

Question 25

Reserve Madeira wines must be aged how long?

Answer 25

5-10 years max

Question 26

Special reserve Madeira must be aged how long?

Answer 26

10-15 years max

Question 27

Extra Reserve Madeira must be aged how long?

Answer 27

15-20 years max

Question 28

What are the two DO's of Sherry production?

Answer 28

Jérèz-Xeres-Sherry DO Sanlucar de Barrameda DO

Question 29

Name the two winds of Sherry:

Answer 29

Hot and Dry Llevante Cool Humid Poniente

Question 30

What are the principal soils of sherry?

Answer 30

Barros - clay based Albariza- Chalk limestone Arenas- Sand based

Question 31

What is Frasquiras Madeira?

Answer 31

The highest qaulity Madeira Aged 20 years minimum in cask and must be made from a noble grape

Question 32

What is the largest pago in Jerez?

Answer 32

macharnudo

Question 33

What are the two varieties of palomino?

Answer 33

Palomino Fino Palomino de Jerez

Question 34

What is the soleo method?

Answer 34

drying of PX grapes on straw mats to concentrate sugar and acid

Question 35

What is mosto de yema?

Answer 35

Sherry must

Question 36

What is mosto prensa?

Answer 36

pressed wine of sherry destined for distillation

Question 37

Sherry wines marked as palo will be made into what style?

Answer 37

Fino or Manzanilla

Question 38

Wines marked as godura will be made into what style?

Answer 38

Oloroso

Question 39

What is a butt?

Answer 39

600L american cask used to age sherry

Question 40

What is sobretablas? `

Answer 40

Intermediary period where sherry sits in Butt. It is monitored for 6 months to a year and then directed to its destined style of sherry after observation during this time

Question 41

Moscatel in Sherry is what grape?

Answer 41

Muscat of Alexandria

Question 42

What are the 3 colors of Marsala wines?

Answer 42

Ambra oro rubino

Question 43

Ambra marsala wines are produced from what grapes?

Answer 43

Grillo Inzolia More are approved but these are the prefered

Question 44

Rubino Marsala is made from what grapes?

Answer 44

Nero Mascalese Nero d'Avola Perricone

Question 45

What is Vergine Strevecchio?

Answer 45

An age designation for Marsala Min 10 years

Question 46

Marsala “secco” will have how much r/s?

Answer 46

40 g/L max

Question 47

Marsala “semisecco” will have how much r/s?

Answer 47

40-100 g/L

Question 48

Marsala “dolce” will have how much r/s?

Answer 48

100 g/L min

Question 49

What are the declared port vintages since 2000?

Answer 49

2000 2003 2007 2011 2016 2017

Question 50

What are the declared port vintages of the '90s?

Answer 50

1991 1992 1994 1997

Question 51

What is the traditional vine training method in Jerez?

Answer 51

vara y pulgar growers alternate spurs each year

Question 52

What is maximum amount of juice that can be pressed from 100kg of grapes in Jerez?

Answer 52

70L

Question 53

What is the name of the agent used to fortify sherry?

Answer 53

mitad y mitad a mixture of older sherry and spirit that is gentle and will not shock the delicate base wine

Question 54

wines marked as godura will be fortified to what abv?

Answer 54

17-18% destined for oloroso, higher abv will inhibit growth of flor

Question 55

wines destined for fino or manzanilla styles of sherry are typically grown on what soil type?

Answer 55

Albariza

Question 56

What is the minimum amount of time sherry must spend in solera before release?

Answer 56

2 years

Question 57

Amontillado sherry must be between what abv?

Answer 57

16-22%

Question 58

What are the dry styles of sherry?

Answer 58

Fino Amontillado Palo Cortado Oloroso

Question 59

What are the classifications of fino sherry from Sanlucar de Barrameda?

Answer 59

Manzanilla Fina Manzanilla Pasada Manzanilla Oloroso

Question 60

What is Manzanilla Pasada?

Answer 60

A fino sherry from Sanlucar de Barrameda that looses flor in the solera and begins to show oxidative character

Question 61

Marsala labeled ‘Fine’ is aged for how long?

Answer 61

1 year in cask

Question 62

Marsala labeled ‘Superiore’ is aged for how long?

Answer 62

2 years in cask

Question 63

Marsala labeled ‘Superiore Riserva’ is aged for how long?

Answer 63

4 years in cask

Question 64

Marsala labeled ‘Vergine’ is aged for how long?

Answer 64

5 years in cask

Question 65

Name 5 approved varieties for white port:

Answer 65

Sercial Verdelho Semillon Malvasia Fina Arinto Rabigato

Question 66

mitad y mitad a mixture of older sherry and spirit that is gentle and will not shock the delicate base wine

Answer 66

What is the name of the agent used to fortify sherry?

Question 67

What is ‘lei do torço’?

Answer 67

The law of 3rd Port houses are only allowed to sell ⅓ of their inventory annually

Question 68

What is the ‘Moreira de Fonseca’ method?

Answer 68

the grading of port vineyards based on a points system A-I A being the highest rated and allowed to produce the most port

Question 69

What are ‘patamares’?

Answer 69

wide vineyards in the Douro that can be navigated by tractor

Question 70

What are the max yields for red grapes in the Duoro?

Answer 70

55hl/ha

Question 71

What are the max yields for white grapes in the Douro?

Answer 71

65hl/ha

Question 72

Aguardente is typically what abv?

Answer 72

77%

Question 73

Agaurdente is usuallyn added in what ratio to fermenting wine?

Answer 73

1:4