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Advanced Sommelier > Fortified Wine > Flashcards

Fortified Wine Flashcards

1
Q

What are the traditional fermentation vessels of port called?

A

Lagares

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2
Q

What is beneficio?

A

The fortification of port wine

(Mutage in French)

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3
Q

What is the name of the neutral spirit used to fortify port?

A

Aguardente

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4
Q

What is the name for the traditional barrel used to age and ship port?

A

Pipe: 550-620L

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5
Q

How long must vintage port be aged?

A

3 years

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6
Q

Is vintage port tawny or ruby?

A

ruby

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7
Q

Name the styles of Ruby port: (5)

A

Ruby

Ruby Reserve

LBV

Vintage

Single Quinta Vintage

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8
Q

Name the styles of tawny port (4):

A

Tawny

Tawny with age designation

Tawny reserve

Colheita Tawny

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9
Q

How long must reserve tawny be aged before release?

A

7 years

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10
Q

Describe Colheita Tawny:

A

VIntage tawny aged 7 years in cask before release

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11
Q

What is Torna Viagem?

A

“Round Trip” refers to sea voyages of Madeira

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12
Q

Name the two islands allowed to produce Madeira DOP?

A

Madeira

Porto Santo

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13
Q

How many registered production companies are on Madeira currently?

A

8

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14
Q

If a grape is stated on NV Madeira how much of the grape must that bottle contain?

A

85%

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15
Q

Vintage Madeira must contain how much of a stated grape?

A

100%

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16
Q

Name the Madeira styles sweetest to driest:

A

Malvasia (Malmsey)

Boal

Verdelho

Sercial

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17
Q

Name the styles of Madeira driest to sweetest:

A

Sercial

Verdelho

Boal

Malvasia (Malmsey)

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18
Q

What is the name of the tank used to heat Madeira?

A

Estufagem

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19
Q

Estufagem wines must be aged how long?

A

2 years

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20
Q

What is estagio?

A

90 day resting period after estufagem

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21
Q

What is canteiro method?

A

a more gentle form of heating wines where they are place in the attic and exposed to gentle natural heat

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22
Q

Canteiro wines must be aged how long?

A

3 years

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23
Q

Rainwater madeira is usually made from what grape?

A

100% Tinta Negra

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24
Q

Selecciando Madeira must be aged how long?

A

3-5 years max

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25
Q

Reserve Madeira wines must be aged how long?

A

5-10 years max

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26
Q

Special reserve Madeira must be aged how long?

A

10-15 years max

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27
Q

Extra Reserve Madeira must be aged how long?

A

15-20 years max

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28
Q

What are the two DO’s of Sherry production?

A

Jérèz-Xeres-Sherry DO

Sanlucar de Barrameda DO

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29
Q

Name the two winds of Sherry:

A

Hot and Dry Llevante

Cool Humid Poniente

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30
Q

What are the principal soils of sherry?

A

Barros - clay based

Albariza- Chalk limestone

Arenas- Sand based

31
Q

What is Frasquiras Madeira?

A

The highest qaulity Madeira

Aged 20 years minimum in cask and must be made from a noble grape

32
Q

What is the largest pago in Jerez?

A

macharnudo

33
Q

What are the two varieties of palomino?

A

Palomino Fino

Palomino de Jerez

34
Q

What is the soleo method?

A

drying of PX grapes on straw mats to concentrate sugar and acid

35
Q

What is mosto de yema?

A

Sherry must

36
Q

What is mosto prensa?

A

pressed wine of sherry destined for distillation

37
Q

Sherry wines marked as palo will be made into what style?

A

Fino or Manzanilla

38
Q

Wines marked as godura will be made into what style?

39
Q

What is a butt?

A

600L american cask used to age sherry

40
Q

What is sobretablas?

`

A

Intermediary period where sherry sits in Butt. It is monitored for 6 months to a year and then directed to its destined style of sherry after observation during this time

41
Q

Moscatel in Sherry is what grape?

A

Muscat of Alexandria

42
Q

What are the 3 colors of Marsala wines?

A

Ambra

oro

rubino

43
Q

Ambra marsala wines are produced from what grapes?

A

Grillo

Inzolia

More are approved but these are the prefered

44
Q

Rubino Marsala is made from what grapes?

A

Nero Mascalese

Nero d’Avola

Perricone

45
Q

What is Vergine Strevecchio?

A

An age designation for Marsala

Min 10 years

46
Q

Marsala “secco” will have how much r/s?

A

40 g/L max

47
Q

Marsala “semisecco” will have how much r/s?

A

40-100 g/L

48
Q

Marsala “dolce” will have how much r/s?

A

100 g/L min

49
Q

What are the declared port vintages since 2000?

A

2000

2003

2007

2011

2016

2017

50
Q

What are the declared port vintages of the ’90s?

A

1991

1992

1994

1997

51
Q

What is the traditional vine training method in Jerez?

A

vara y pulgar

growers alternate spurs each year

52
Q

What is maximum amount of juice that can be pressed from 100kg of grapes in Jerez?

53
Q

What is the name of the agent used to fortify sherry?

A

mitad y mitad

a mixture of older sherry and spirit that is gentle and will not shock the delicate base wine

54
Q

wines marked as godura will be fortified to what abv?

A

17-18%

destined for oloroso, higher abv will inhibit growth of flor

55
Q

wines destined for fino or manzanilla styles of sherry are typically grown on what soil type?

56
Q

What is the minimum amount of time sherry must spend in solera before release?

57
Q

Amontillado sherry must be between what abv?

58
Q

What are the dry styles of sherry?

A

Fino

Amontillado

Palo Cortado

Oloroso

59
Q

What are the classifications of fino sherry from Sanlucar de Barrameda?

A

Manzanilla Fina

Manzanilla Pasada

Manzanilla Oloroso

60
Q

What is Manzanilla Pasada?

A

A fino sherry from Sanlucar de Barrameda that looses flor in the solera and begins to show oxidative character

61
Q

Marsala labeled ‘Fine’ is aged for how long?

A

1 year in cask

62
Q

Marsala labeled ‘Superiore’ is aged for how long?

A

2 years in cask

63
Q

Marsala labeled ‘Superiore Riserva’ is aged for how long?

A

4 years in cask

64
Q

Marsala labeled ‘Vergine’ is aged for how long?

A

5 years in cask

65
Q

Name 5 approved varieties for white port:

A

Sercial

Verdelho

Semillon

Malvasia Fina

Arinto

Rabigato

66
Q

mitad y mitad

a mixture of older sherry and spirit that is gentle and will not shock the delicate base wine

A

What is the name of the agent used to fortify sherry?

67
Q

What is ‘lei do torço’?

A

The law of 3rd

Port houses are only allowed to sell ⅓ of their inventory annually

68
Q

What is the ‘Moreira de Fonseca’ method?

A

the grading of port vineyards based on a points system

A-I

A being the highest rated and allowed to produce the most port

69
Q

What are ‘patamares’?

A

wide vineyards in the Douro that can be navigated by tractor

70
Q

What are the max yields for red grapes in the Duoro?

71
Q

What are the max yields for white grapes in the Douro?

72
Q

Aguardente is typically what abv?

73
Q

Agaurdente is usuallyn added in what ratio to fermenting wine?

Advanced Sommelier (38 decks)

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