forelimb comparative anatomy

Question 1

What ligaments are in the metacarple phalangy joint of a ruminant

Answer 1

1. Medial collateral ligament, V shaped between 3rd and 4th digits
2. Lateral collateral ligaments
3. Interseasamoidean ligaments that hold the 2 seasmoids together in each digit
4. interdigital interseasamoidean ligament = between seasmoids on different digit
5. Distal seasmoidean ligaments: short and cruciate (oblique and straight in horses)
6. Interdigital phalangeal seasmoidean ligament: runs at axial aspect seasmoid: oppo Proximal P phalanges helps hold PPs together

Question 2

In large ruminants how are the digits stopped from being pushed apart?

Answer 2

1. Proximal interdigital ligaments between proximal phalanx: NOT in small ruminants
2. Distal interdigital ligaments: between middle phalanx, cross over, present in small and large