Animal Husbandry: feeding, Housing

Question 1

What is the appetite of cattle, sheep, horses, pigs

Answer 1

Cattle: around 3% body weight as dry mass
Sheep: 1.5-2.5% body weight as dry mass
Horses: 1.5-3% of body weight as DM
Pigs: 10% at 2-3 weeks to 4% at maturity

Question 2

How much does a dairy cow with condition score of 2.5

Answer 2

600-700kg

assume 650kg

Question 3

What is the “rule of thumb” for adult Holstein energy requirements

Answer 3

1. 65 MJ ME/ day for maintenance

2. 5 MJ ME/ litre of milk produced

Question 4

Determine the DMI (appetite) of a holstein dairy cow

Answer 4

(3% body weight)

650kg x0.03 = 19.5 kgDM/ day

Question 5

What is the “rule of thumb” for maintenance fluid requirements of adult animals

Answer 5

50 ml/ kg/ day
However this varies with:
environmental conditions
amount of work/ physical activity
Type and amount fed
Physiologic status
Lactation

Question 6

What is the stack effect an example of

Answer 6

Natural ventilation

Question 7

How does the stack effect work

Answer 7

1. Animals heat up air around them which is transferred to the air
2. Hot air rises by convection, taking with it all CO2, NH3, dust, pathogens etcccc
3. Hole in the roof = WARM AIR OUTLET
4. Negative pressure so fresh air is drawn IN
5. Hole in sides = COOL are INLET = fresh oxygenated air

Question 8

What is important for the stack effect?

Answer 8

There is enough body mass (number ADN size) of animals in the building to heat the air sufficiently so that it will rise and go out the top

Question 9

What things affect the efficiency of the stack effect?

Answer 9

a. Air inlet and outlet
b. Height different between inlet and outlet
c. Inside and outside temp differences
d. Heat generated by animals: number, total body mass