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First Year Term 1 > CV Histology > Flashcards

CV Histology Flashcards

1
Q

If given a section of the V or A what BV would you expect to see

A

coronary artery, usually at margin.

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2
Q

What is the transition from A to V

A
  1. wall of A = much thinner.

2. V = hugely thick myocardium

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3
Q

what are the 3 major layers of the wall of the heart

A
  1. shows characteristic features of normal BV
  2. Innermost lining of A = endocardium/ tunica intima
  3. middle = myocardium = thicest
  4. outermost = pericardium
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4
Q

what are the characteristic features you’ll see of the tunica intima/ endocardium

A
  1. innermost ENDOthelial lining = continuous with all BV = simple squamous lining
  2. followed by thin layer of connective tissue support: internal elastic lamina
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5
Q

deeper to the endocardium what layer?

A

sub endocardial layer, consist of purkinje cells in some parts fibres

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6
Q

middle of layer =
what does it consist of.
what other structures can you find in it

A
  1. MYOCARDIUM
    consists of cardiomyocytes = appear in transverse section = retains nucleus in centre.
  2. connective tissue, lymph vessels, small artery and vein
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7
Q

what can you identify in thre outermost layer/ pericardium

A
  1. fibrous connective tissue of pericardium
  2. nerve
  3. adipose cells
  4. small BV
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8
Q

what is the appearance of the cardiac muscle

A
  1. striated appearance - skeletal muscle
  2. branching pattern
  3. intercalated disc = junction between 2 muscle fibres
  4. elongated/ cigar shape nuclei present in middle
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9
Q

what are the 3 layers of a BV called

A
  1. inner: tunica intima
  2. tunica media
  3. outer: tunica adventitia
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10
Q

what does the tunica intima of a BV consist of and what layer is this

A

INNERMOST LAYER

  1. endothelial/ epithelial lining
  2. internal elastic membrane sub endothelial lining: v small layer of connective tissue that supports this: elastic tissue
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11
Q

what does the tunica media of a BV consist of and what layer is this

A

MIDDLE LAYER

  1. thick BV
  2. external elastic membrane: bundles of elastic fibres outside muscle cell (thin)
  3. large thick smooth muscle cells
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12
Q

what does the tunica adventitica of a BV consist of and what layer is this

A

OUTERMOST

outer connective tissue covering - v small BV and nerve supply

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13
Q

what kind of stain are you likely to get for tunica media and why

A

v dark- lot of elastic fibres = intensely stain = squiggles!

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14
Q

What is the difference between artery and vein and why

A

A = thick tunica media becuase of abundant smooth muscle present
V= much smaller tunica media
tunica advanticia remains similar size
V = larger lumen than A
A = regular circle shaped lumen V = irregular

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15
Q

What does lymphatic look like?

A
  1. lined with simple squamous epithelial
  2. outer connective tissue
  3. no smooth muscle in wall of lymphatics
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16
Q

If given a slide and need to identify BV what should you look for

A

connective tissue

17
Q

In arterioles how thick is the tunica media and what does the nuclei look like

A

2-5 layers of smooth muscle.

nuclei is elongated cigar shape and in middle of cell

18
Q

What epithelium lines arteries

A

simple squamous

19
Q

How is the vein arranged?

A
  1. no internal elastic lamina/ membrane in tunica intima, only epithelial layer
  2. Tunica media greatly reduced, few smooth muscle cells present
  3. lumen is irregularly shapes
20
Q

What does a capillary look like

A

1-2 endothelial lining, with a lumen

21
Q

What si the structure of capillaries

A
  1. endothelium wall is a single cell thick

2. Surrounded by thin basal lamina of connective tissue

22
Q

What are the different types of capillaries

A
  1. Continuous - most common
  2. Fenestrated
  3. Sinusoidal/ discontinuous
23
Q

What does a continuous capillary look like

A
  1. basement membrane is uninterrupted = only very small molecules like water can pass through the tight junctions
24
Q

What does a fenestration capillary look like

A
  1. small pores in endothelial cell that may range from 60-80 nm in diameter.
    allows small molecules and limited amount of protein to diffuse through
25
Q

What deos a sinusoidal/ discontinuous capillary look like?

A
  1. special type of fenestrated cap with larger openings 30-40 micro meter in diameter
  2. Larger molecules e.g. blood cells and serum proteins can pass through
  3. Rare = mostly only see in liver and spleen where greater movement of cellular material is

First Year Term 1 (35 decks)

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