Dog and Cat nutrition Flashcards
What is Gross energy
The total energy in food, measured by combustion in a bomb calorimeter and burn- heat given off = max possible energy in food
What is digestible energy?
The energy absorbed into the body after digestive processes
GE - energy lost in faeces
Why isn’t digestible energy the sum total energy of what a dog or cat can use?
Because the macro nutrient protein is harder to get energy from- need to deaminate the amino acid (remove N = urea), rest can be used. This process requires energy.
What is metabolisable energy
DE - energy lost in urine
The energy within a food that a dog and cat can utilise
What do you need to know to use the Modified Atwater Factors to work out the metabolisable energy
protein % (from tin label)
Fat % (from tin label)
Carb % aka nitrogen free extract (work out, rarely given)
How to work out the carb % is not given.
What is moisture isn’t listed?
Carbohydrate% = 100 - (protein% + fat% + Crude fibre % + Inorganic matter % (ASH) + moisture).
If moisture not lsited, assume 10%
When know the % of each component what do you do next to work out the metabolisable energy.
What unit is this ME per?
You multiple the % by the aformentioned modified atwater factors:
P = 3.5
C = 3.5
F = 8.5 (most energy dense macronutrient)
BECAUSE % = PER 100g food!!!!
What are the broad categories of dog
7
- Gundogs
- Toy dogs
- Terriers
- Utility dogs
- Working dogs
- Hounds
- Pastoral
Give the categories adn examples of Gun dogs
- Retrievers: Golden, Labrador, Flat coat
- Spaniels: Cocker, Springer, Sussex
- Hunt/point/retrieve: Continental breeds: Munsterlander, Spinone
- Pointers and setters: English or Irish setter, English pointer, Gordon setter.
How many utility breeds of dog are there and eg
Dalmatian Poodle Schnauzer French bulldog Japanese spitz
How many breeds of hound and what are the categories
1. Sight hounds e.g. Greyhound Saluki Afghan 2. Scent hounds e.g. Bloodhound Otterhound Foxhound
What are pastoral breeds and eg
Associated with working with livestock: herding, guarding etc
1. includes breeds such as: Border collie
Bearded collie
Welsh corgi
German shepherd
Old English sheepdog
Examples of toy
Affenpinscher Pug Papillon Shi tzu Yorkshire terrier (?) Cavalier Japanese chin Pomeranian
What were working dogs bred for?
examples
Bred to work alongside humans
Traditionally for search and rescue, guarding resources etc
Include breeds such as Boxer Rottweiler Dobermann Newfoundland St Bernard Great Dane Bull mastiff
What were terriers bred for and examples
Originally bred for hunting and killing vermin Tough, determined and brave Popular pets: Includes breeds such as Jack Russell (newly recognised breed!) Staffordshire bull Cairn Border Wheaten
Waht are the legislation acts
- Animal welfare act 2006 (introduced 2007)
- Control of dogs order 1992
- Microchipping of dogs act 2015 (introduced April 2016)
- Dangerous dogs act 1991: pitbull terrier, Japanese tosa, dogo Argentino, and fila Brasilerio
- Antisocial behaviour, crime and policing act 2014
- Pet Travel scheme (amended in 2012)
What are the core vaccines
Canine distemper virus
Canine adenovirus/infectious canine hepatitis
Canine parvovirus
Leptospirosis
Talk about the primary course of injections
Primary course: 2 injections 2-4 weeks apart
Begin vaccinations at between 6-10 weeks of age
Primary course should not be completed before 12 weeks of age
What are additional vacciens to prevent disease? (non core)
- ‘Kennel cough’ vaccine
Given once yearly – remember this disease can affect ALL dogs, not just those in kennels Bordetella bronchiseptica (intranasal vaccine)
+/- Parainfluenza (subcutaneous injection) - Rabies (if travelling under Pet travel scheme)
- Herpes virus (breeding bitches)
- Leishmaniasis
- Borrelia burgodorferi
What parasite control for dogs
- worming from 2 weeks then every 3 months. lungworm every month
- fleas, ticks, mites, lice
