Food Animal Exam Lecture 1: Clinical anatomy of head and neck Flashcards
What is the beef quality assurance program
National program that raises consumer confidence through offering proper management techniques and a commitment to quality within every segment of the beef industry
All injections need to be given in front of __
Shoulder
Never injection more than __cc into one site
10cc
What are the 3 landmarks for proper injection sites
- Scapula
- Jugular groove
- Spinal column
What is the cornual block used for
Dehorning
In cattle <1yr , where do you inject for a cornual block
Halfway between lateral canthus of eye and horn base, just underneath the frontal ridge
What is typically injected in cornual block and what is the technique
5-10mL lidocaine, fanned along the underside of the frontal ridge
In cattle >1yr what must you do for the cornual block
Need two injections
1. All cattle get injection between lateral canthus and horn base
2. Cattle >1yr get an additional ring block on caudal side of horn
How long does it take cornual block to take effect
3-5 minutes
What are the injections needed for a cornual block on a goat
- Injection between lateral canthus and base of horn (same as cattle)
- Additional block to get infratrochlear nerve- inject between medial canthus and medial horn base
What additional nerve needs to be blocked when performing a cornual block on goats of all ages
Infratrochlear nerve
Must be careful with toxicity from cornual block in goats, what is the safe dosage and what should the solution be diluted to
Dose: 5mg/kg
Dilute to 1% lidocaine
What is the purpose of the auriculopalpebral block
Block motor to eyelids and orbicularis oculi muscle to allow for easier exam of exam or proptosis of globe
T or F: auriculopalpebral is both a sensory and motor nerve block
False, just motor NOT SENSORY
Where is the auriculopalpebral block injected
Half way between lateral canthus and base of ear on the zyogmatic arch
What does the supraorbital nerve block, block
Sensory and motor to upper eyelid, does not get orbicularis oculi muscle
T or F: supraorbital nerve block is used to block orbicularis oculi
False
What is the supraorbital used for
Tarsorrhagy, lavage system, eyelid lac
How do you perform the 4 point block
- Protect globe with finger
- Inject through conjunctiva
- Deposit lidocaine behind globe within muscular cone
What block must you do before the 4 point block
Auriculopalpebral
What are 4 point blocks typically used for
Enucleations
What nerve block gets everything in the eye area
Peterson eye block
Describe how to perform the Peterson eye block
- Using a 18 gauge, 6 in needle place between notch of mandible and maxilla
- Advance to bone 3-4 inch and back out 1/4 inch
- Aspirate and check for CSF
- Redirect caudodorsal
- Advance to bone
What cranial nerves does the Peterson block get
CN III, IV, V, VI as they exit the foremen orbitondorum
what nerve block allows you to protrude the eye out of socket
Peterson block
what are the common sites for occular squamous cell carcinoma
- Lateral limbus
- Eyelids
- Medial canthus
- Third eyelid
Where does the lesion start in pink eye lesions
Center of the cornea
What usually causes pink eye lesions
M. Bovis
What is tarsorrhaphy
Temporary closure of the eyelid. Pull 3rd eyelid/nictating membrane over eye
The caudal auricular vein is commonly used for what
IV fluid therapy
The caudal auricular artery is commonly used for ___
Arterial blood gas analysis
In cattle, the base of the ear is the injection site for what medication
Excede
What is the torus linguae
Normal structure on the tongue that pushes the food bolus onto the hard palate and squeezes the liquids into the esophagus
What is the diastema
Gap between premolars and canines where you can safely put hand to examine mouth
The esophagus and jugular vein both sit in the ___
Jugular groove
What side is the esophagus usually on
Left
The esophagus lies ___ to the jugular vein
Medio-dorsal
What block is this
cornual block used for dehorning
What block is this and when is it needed
Additional ring block for cornual block when dehorning cattle >1yr old
What nerve blocks are these and when are they used
cornual blocks on goats
1. One block the same as cattle between lateral canthus and horn base
2. Additional block to get infratrochlear nerve between medial canthus and medial horn base
What block is this
auriculopalpebral
What block is this
supraorbital
What block is this
4 point block
What block is this
retrobulbar block
What block is this
Peterson
What block is this
Peterson
What is wrong here
pink eye lesion
What structure is the black arrow pointing to and is it normal or abnormal
torus linguae- normal structure in the mouth
