Finnish weather Flashcards
artificial snow on ski slopes
tykkilumi
below zero, freezing
pakkanen
black ice
musta jää
blanket of snow
hanki
cold
kylmä
close to zero degrees (weather, snow)
nuoskainen
crevasse (long crack in the ice)
railo
dangerously slippery weather
pääkallokeli
deep winter weather above freezing
suojasää
dense fog
tiheä sumu
Does the snow stay on the ground?
Pysyykö lumi maassa?
early winter
alkutalvi
first snow
ensilumi
flower-like pattern of frost on glass, arctic mesh
jääkukka
frost heave, rasputitsa
(season when unsealed roads become soft & muddy from the melting snow)
kelirikko
frost in the early morning
kuura
Frost nights are coming.
Luvassa on yöpakkasia.
frosty (road, street, yard)
kuurainen
frosty weather
pakkassää
frozen ground surface
routa
gloves
(hand covering with separate sections for each finger and the thumb)
käsineet, sormikkaat
great weather for sledding
literally “sled weather”
kelkkakeli
Heavy frost is coming!
Luvassa kovat pakkaset!
heavy snow that accumulates on branches
tykky, tykkylumi
dense/heavy snowfall
(tiheä) pyry
pyry = tiheä lumisade
hibernation
literally “winter sleep”
talviuni
(heavy) snow blowing or falling in the wind
tuisku
hole in the ice
avanto
ice
jää
ice crystal
jääkide
ice pearl
jäähelmi
ice scraper
jääraappa
ice thick enough to walk on
umpijää
iceskates
luistimet
icicle
jääpuikko
Icicles hang from the roof edge.
Katonreunasta riippuu jääpuikkoja.
icy (road, street, yard)
jäinen
It starts freezing even more.
Pakkanen kiristyy.
It’s a frosty morning.
On kuurainen aamu.
late winter
lopputalvi
Let’s build a snowman!
Rakennetaan lumiukko!
midwinter
keskitalvi, sydäntalvi
mild (weather, winter, wind)
lauha
mittens
(hand covering with a separate section for the thumb only)
lapaset
nothern lights
revontulet
permafrost
ikirouta
pile of snow, snowdrift
(formed by wind)
lumikinos, nietos
rime
(frost on surface, e.g. window)
huurre
rain mittens
kurarukkaset, kurahanskat
scarf
kaulaliina
season
vuodenaika
crusted snow
(snow surface strong enough to support objects that would normally sink)
hankikanto
short but heavy hail storm
raekuuro
ski trail
latu
skis
sukset
sled
(used by kids)
pulkka
sledge
(with high seat)
kelkka
sleet
(rain that freezes or partly freezes as it falls from the sky)
räntä
slippery (road, street, yard)
liukas
slush
(partly melted snow)
loska, sohjo
slushy (road, street, snow)
loskainen, sohjoinen
slushy road conditions
loskakeli, sohjokeli
snow
lumi
snow avalanche
lumivyöry
snow crystal
lumikide
snow storm
lumimyrsky
snow-free ground area in spring
pälvi
snowball
lumipallo
snowball fight
literally “snow war”
lumisota
snowflake
lumihiutale
snowman
lumiukko
snowmobile
moottorikelkka
studded tires
nastarenkaat
The bridge is frozen.
Silta on jäässä.
The frost eases up a little.
Pakkanen hellittää.
The frozen snow crunches under the shoes.
Pakkaslumi narskuu kenkien alla.
The ice glitters.
Jää kimmeltää.
The roads are slippery.
Tiet ovat liukkaita.
The slushy roads will freeze.
Loskaiset tiet jäätyvät.
The snow had been plowed.
Lumet oli aurattu.
The year’s first frost nights.
Vuoden ensimmäiset pakkasyöt.
There 40 cm of snow on the yard.
Pihalla on 40 senttiä lunta.
There is black ice on the road.
Tiellä on mustaa jäätä.
There were already snow-free spots in the fields.
Pelloilla oli jo pälviä.
thick layer of snow
literally “snow nappy”
lumivaippa
thick, unbroken blanket of snow
umpihanki
hanki = snow blanket
loose, powdery snow
(especially in the context of alpine skiing)
puuterilumi
freshly fallen dry snow
viti, vitilumi
to be blown into a pile
nietostua, kinostua
to creak (ice under feet)
narista
to crunch (snow under feet)
The snow crunches underfoot.
narskua
Lumi narskuu jalkojen alla.
to ease, to let up (weather)
The frost is letting up.
hellittää
Pakkanen hellittää.
to feel cold (person)
paleltaa
minua paleltaa = minun on kylmä
to freeze (plants, skin)
paleltua
to freeze (roads)
routia
to freeze (water, road)
jäätyä
to frost over (window, beard)
huurtua
to get even colder
(intensifying of already freezing conditions)
kiristyä
to get milder, abate
(weather)
lauhtua
to glisten, twinkel
(e.g. glistening snow crystals)
kimmeltää
to hibernate
(animals)
horrostaa
to melt
sulaa
to overwinter somewhere
(to spend the winter, hibernate, not specifically about animals)
talvehtia
to plow the snow
aurata lunta
to overwinter (plants)
(to preserve plants in winter)
talvettaa
to slip and fall (on ice)
liukastua
to slosh around (in snow)
(to slosh = to move in a noisy or messy way)
rämpiä
to snow
sataa lunta
to snow heavily
pyryttää
to tremble (from cold)
hytistä
We made snowmen with sticky snow.
(Use the passive form.)
Nuoskalla tehtiin lumiukkoja.
(nuoska = snow softened by thaw weather but not wet)
wet
märkä
sticky snow
(softened by thaw weather but not wet, good for making a snowman)
nuoska
Will Christmas be white?
Onko joulu valkea?
winter
talvi
winter boots
talvikengät
winter coat
talvitakki
winter fishing
talvikalastus
winter hat
pipo
winter holiday
talviloma
winter tires
talvirenkaat
winter torpor
(winter dormancy, induced by low temperature)
talvihorros
winter tourism
talvimatkailu
wool socks
villasukat
Yesterday the sun shone, which was really lovely.
Eilen paistoi aurinko, mikä oli todella ihanaa.
