Final Study Deck pt. 2 Flashcards
what amount of blood is pumped every minute?
5L/min
The entire volume of blood supply circulates through the body how often?
every minute
administration: lungs vs. nose
inhalation vs. insufflation
most common drug administration
oral
most fast & most lethal drug administrations
intravenous
what drug administration bypasses the BBB
intracerebral
how quickly do drugs enter the system through intravenous admin?
30-60 seconds
Drugs exert effects only at their _____ of ________?
site of action
Most important factor in determining the rate of drug distribution to the brain?
lipid solubility
the dose that produces the desired effects in 50
percent of the individuals
Effective Dose 50 (ED50)
the dose that produces toxic effects in 50 percent of individuals
Toxic Dose 50 (TD50)
ED50 and TD50 provide a ratio for what?
Therapeutic Index
Ideal Therapeutic Index
greater than 10
a molecule that by binding to the receptor stimulates a response
agonist
a molecule that by binding to a receptor blocks or inhibits the response
Antagonists
Mesolimbic Dopamine Pathway: route between what three things?
VTA, Nucleus accumbens, and limbic system(!)
Mesocortical Dopamine Pathway: route between what three things?
VTA/Nucleus accumbens and
PFC (!)
Key Pathway in Pleasure and Reward (substance use)
Mesolimbic Dopamine Pathway
what increases corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)?
stress
stress strengthens what part of the brain?
amygdala
stress weakens what 2 parts of the brain?
hippocampus & prefrontal cortex
Heavy Drinking:
Females =
Males =
- 8 or more per week
- 15 or more per wee
Stimulants impact the brain’s levels of what 4 things?
- epinephrine
- norepinephrine
- dopamine
- serotonin
biologically active compound found in
cannabis
Phytocannabinoid
