Final Study Deck pt. 2

Question 1

what amount of blood is pumped every minute?

Answer 1

5L/min

Question 2

The entire volume of blood supply circulates through the body how often?

Answer 2

every minute

Question 3

administration: lungs vs. nose

Answer 3

inhalation vs. insufflation

Question 4

most common drug administration

Answer 4

oral

Question 5

most fast & most lethal drug administrations

Answer 5

intravenous

Question 6

what drug administration bypasses the BBB

Answer 6

intracerebral

Question 7

how quickly do drugs enter the system through intravenous admin?

Answer 7

30-60 seconds

Question 8

Drugs exert effects only at their _____ of ________?

Answer 8

site of action

Question 9

Most important factor in determining the rate of drug distribution to the brain?

Answer 9

lipid solubility

Question 10

the dose that produces the desired effects in 50
percent of the individuals

Answer 10

Effective Dose 50 (ED50)

Question 11

the dose that produces toxic effects in 50 percent of individuals

Answer 11

Toxic Dose 50 (TD50)

Question 12

ED50 and TD50 provide a ratio for what?

Answer 12

Therapeutic Index

Question 13

Ideal Therapeutic Index

Answer 13

greater than 10

Question 14

a molecule that by binding to the receptor stimulates a response

Answer 14

agonist

Question 15

a molecule that by binding to a receptor blocks or inhibits the response

Answer 15

Antagonists

Question 16

Mesolimbic Dopamine Pathway: route between what three things?

Answer 16

VTA, Nucleus accumbens, and limbic system(!)

Question 17

Mesocortical Dopamine Pathway: route between what three things?

Answer 17

VTA/Nucleus accumbens and
PFC (!)

Question 18

Key Pathway in Pleasure and Reward (substance use)

Answer 18

Mesolimbic Dopamine Pathway

Question 19

what increases corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)?

Answer 19

stress

Question 20

stress strengthens what part of the brain?

Answer 20

amygdala

Question 21

stress weakens what 2 parts of the brain?

Answer 21

hippocampus & prefrontal cortex

Question 22

Heavy Drinking:
Females =
Males =

Answer 22

• 8 or more per week
• 15 or more per wee

Question 23

Stimulants impact the brain’s levels of what 4 things?

Answer 23

• epinephrine
• norepinephrine
• dopamine
• serotonin

Question 24

biologically active compound found in
cannabis

Answer 24

Phytocannabinoid

Question 25

Mediates most of the psychoactive effects of cannabinoids

Answer 25

CB1 receptor

Question 26

Principally involved in anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive actions

Answer 26

CB2 receptor

Question 27

primary source of fuel for the brain

Answer 27

glucose

Question 28

High sugar diets decrease what?

Answer 28

brain-derived neurotrophic factors (BDNF)

Question 29

AMA recommends __ - __ tsps per day of sugar

Answer 29

6-9

Question 30

VMPFC = interface b/t ______________ & ______________

Answer 30

emotional responses & control of complex b

Question 31

increased oxytocin in women after orgasm causes what?

Answer 31

bonding & attachment

Question 32

increased vasopressin in man after orgasm causes what?

Answer 32

vigilance and need to guard/protect partner

Question 33

primary cranial nerve that calms the body down after a stressful situation

Answer 33

vagus nerve

Question 34

SSRIs are serotonin antagonists or agonists?

Answer 34

agonists

Question 35

drugs that exert their effects on a neuron by attaching to an alternative binding site on a receptor are called?

Answer 35

neuromodulators