Final Review (9-11) Flashcards
where does the lower respiratory tract begin from a microbiological perspective?
Trachea
What is the most important part of the respiratory tract systems defensives?
Mucociliary escalator
What is the technical name for a strep throat?
Pharyngitis
Mastoiditis is a potential complication of ____
Otitis media (inner ear infection)
What are possible complications if otitis media is left untreated?
Mastoiditis, Petrositis, or Labyrinthitis
What is a common complication of untreated sinus blockage?
Sinusitis
How many types of Parainfluenza Virus (HPIV) can infection humans?
2 types
What is the chief complaint of Walking Pneumonia?
Persistent, nagging, unproductive coughing
(bolded in notes)
What are the three antibiotics included in the treatment for Tuberculosis?
Pyrazinamide, Rifampicin, Isoniazid
What is the term for a calcified tubercle found in X-ray of the lungs?
Ghon complex
(bolded in notes)
What is the etiologic agent of Q fever?
Coxiella burnetii
What type of bacteria grows in the placenta of infected animals?
Coxiella burnetii
Psittacosis is known as ____
Parrot fever
What serotype of influenza is responsible for all flu pandemics?
Serotype A
(bolded in notes)
How long does it take for respiratory epithelium to be restored from influenza?
2-10 weeks
(bolded in notes)
What type of infections has the appearance of coiled macrophages?
Legionella pnemophila
Where in the cells does a parainfluenza virus replicate?
cytoplasm
What population most likely gets Blastomycosis?
Hunters (men between 20-40)
what respiratory infection may present with subconjunctival bleeding?
pertussis (whooping cough)
respiratory syncytial virus (does/does not) present with a cough
does NOT
the associated mortality rate of untreated aspergillosis is ____
100%
what feature of the pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium is destroyed in pertussis (whooping cough)?
cilia
coccidiomycosis is also known as ____
valley fever
early in the AIDS epidemic, infection with ____ was the only indicator signifying infection with HIV
pneumocytis
what are reasons for the increase in TB?
- co-infection with HIV/AIDS
- increased immigration of infected persons
- increased number of institutionalized elderly
(all of the above)
which nations have more cases of avian influenza in birds?
poorer nations
bacterial sinusitis is commonly misdiagnosed as ____
allergic rhinitis
the expected mortality rate of uncomplicated influenza is ____
0.1-2.5%
ghon (is/is not) a test for TB
is NOT
(PPD skin test, chest film, sputum sample w acid-fast staining, biopsy)
which virus is known in the US as sin nombre?
Hanta
walking pneumonia is the name given to an infection caused by ____
mycoplasma pneumonia
hypercapnia is associated with ____ and is an ____ level of ____
RSV
elevated
CO2
the reservoir for influenza is ____
aquatic birds
croup is also known as ____
parainfluenza
what is the correct order of pertussis?
- prodromal
- catarrhal
- paroxysmal
- convalescence
what disease may present with a pseudomembrane composed of bacteria fibrin and cell debris?
diphtheria
“oriental sore” is the common name for the disease ____
Leishmaniasis
severe immunosuppression in children is a complication of ____
Rubeola (measles)
the vector for spread of pneumonic plague is ____
human
a skin disease associated with children and poor hygiene is ____
impetigo
a palpable lesion containing clear fluid is a ____
vesicle
african sleeping sickness is fatal because it infects the ____
brain
Loaiasis is an infection of the eye caused by a ____
worm
“Rabbit Fever” is the disease ____
tularemia
the blackened papule produced in woolsorter’s disease is a(n) ____
eschar
scalded skin syndrome is caused by ____ toxins produced by ____
exfoliative, staphylococcus
“Pink eye” is the common name for the disease ____
conjunctivitis
infection of the veins is known as ____
thrombophlebitis
the skin disease that sounds like “Rice Crispies” cereal after the addition of milk is ____
gas gangrene
“Sin Nombre” virus is spread via ____
inhalation of dried rodent urine & feces
“Flesh-eating bug” is the common name for ____
necrotizing fasciitis
(caused by strep pyogenes)
the vector for transmission of bubonic plague is ____
flea
the most virulent bacterial infection ever known to man is ____
plague
this arbovirus is also known as “breakbone fever”
dengue
the most prevalent rickettsial disease in the US is ____
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
South American Sleeping Sickness is spread via the bite of the ____
kissing bug
candidiasis of the skin in babies is known as ____
diaper rash
Varicella-Zoster refers to the viral illness of ____ and ____
chicken pox, shingles
what are the insect vectors in relapsing fever?
Tick, louse
in rocky mountain spotted fever, the rash begins on the ____ and moves towards ____
extremities, torso
the most common normal flora to cause infection in both the upper and lower respiratory tract is ____
streptococcus
the vector associated with Ebola is ____
unknown
the joint predominantly affected by chronic Lyme Disease is ____
knee
warts are caused by ____
HPV
the leading eye infection in underdeveloped nations contracted via ____
vaginal birth
african sleeping sickness is spreading by the bile of the ____
tsetse fly
infection of the valves of the heart is known as ____
endocarditis
the etiologic agent of lyme disease is ____
borrelia
the annual influenza season is an example of ____
antigenic drift
(bolded in virology lecture)
the most common method of contracting undulant fever in the US is consumption of ____
unpasteurized dairy produces
“hot tub” folliculitis is caused by ____
pseudomonas
the most serious and extensive form of acne is ____
nodular cystic
the most common treatment for the removal of warts is ____
cautery with cryotherapy
the most common vector in the arboviruses is the ____
mosquito
varicella is caused by ____
HHV3
the virus that causes severe neurological complications in developing fetuses is ____
rubella
(bolded in notes)
blistering of the urogenital mucosa is predominantly caused by ____
human herpesvirus 2
(Lecture 13)
the parasitic disease Filariasis is caused by either ____ or ____
Wuchereria; Brugia
a localized region of pus with extensive inflammation is a ____
furuncle
erythema migrans is ____
bulls eye rash
the secondary reservoir in lyme disease is ____
deer
the leading eye infection in undeveloped nations is caused by ____
chlamydia trachomatis
tularemia may manifest as…
ulceroglandular
typhoidal
oculoglandular
fever blisters on the oral mucosa are predominantly caused by ____
human herpesvirus 1
undulent fever is also known as ____
brucellosis
the primary reservoir in lyme disease is ____
mice
the most common cause of bacterial endocarditis is ____
streptococcus
south american trypanosomiasis is called ____
Chagas’ disease
hemagglutinin and neuraminidase spikes are found on the surface of ____
Parainfluenza Virus (HPIV)
a flat, non-palpable lesion is called a ____
macule
a palpable lesion is called a ____
papule
a palpable, pus-filled lesion is called a ____
pustule
what is infection of the arteries called?
endoarteritis
