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NYCC Microbiology > Final Review (9-11) > Flashcards

Final Review (9-11) Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

where does the lower respiratory tract begin from a microbiological perspective?

A

Trachea

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2
Q

What is the most important part of the respiratory tract systems defensives?

A

Mucociliary escalator

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3
Q

What is the technical name for a strep throat?

A

Pharyngitis

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4
Q

Mastoiditis is a potential complication of ____

A

Otitis media (inner ear infection)

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5
Q

What are possible complications if otitis media is left untreated?

A

Mastoiditis, Petrositis, or Labyrinthitis

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6
Q

What is a common complication of untreated sinus blockage?

A

Sinusitis

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7
Q

How many types of Parainfluenza Virus (HPIV) can infection humans?

A

2 types

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8
Q

What is the chief complaint of Walking Pneumonia?

A

Persistent, nagging, unproductive coughing
(bolded in notes)

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9
Q

What are the three antibiotics included in the treatment for Tuberculosis?

A

Pyrazinamide, Rifampicin, Isoniazid

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10
Q

What is the term for a calcified tubercle found in X-ray of the lungs?

A

Ghon complex
(bolded in notes)

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11
Q

What is the etiologic agent of Q fever?

A

Coxiella burnetii

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12
Q

What type of bacteria grows in the placenta of infected animals?

A

Coxiella burnetii

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13
Q

Psittacosis is known as ____

A

Parrot fever

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14
Q

What serotype of influenza is responsible for all flu pandemics?

A

Serotype A
(bolded in notes)

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15
Q

How long does it take for respiratory epithelium to be restored from influenza?

A

2-10 weeks
(bolded in notes)

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16
Q

What type of infections has the appearance of coiled macrophages?

A

Legionella pnemophila

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17
Q

Where in the cells does a parainfluenza virus replicate?

A

cytoplasm

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18
Q

What population most likely gets Blastomycosis?

A

Hunters (men between 20-40)

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19
Q

what respiratory infection may present with subconjunctival bleeding?

A

pertussis (whooping cough)

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20
Q

respiratory syncytial virus (does/does not) present with a cough

A

does NOT

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21
Q

the associated mortality rate of untreated aspergillosis is ____

A

100%

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22
Q

what feature of the pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium is destroyed in pertussis (whooping cough)?

A

cilia

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23
Q

coccidiomycosis is also known as ____

A

valley fever

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24
Q

early in the AIDS epidemic, infection with ____ was the only indicator signifying infection with HIV

A

pneumocytis

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25
Q

what are reasons for the increase in TB?

A
  • co-infection with HIV/AIDS
  • increased immigration of infected persons
  • increased number of institutionalized elderly
    (all of the above)
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26
Q

which nations have more cases of avian influenza in birds?

A

poorer nations

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27
Q

bacterial sinusitis is commonly misdiagnosed as ____

A

allergic rhinitis

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28
Q

the expected mortality rate of uncomplicated influenza is ____

A

0.1-2.5%

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29
Q

ghon (is/is not) a test for TB

A

is NOT
(PPD skin test, chest film, sputum sample w acid-fast staining, biopsy)

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30
Q

which virus is known in the US as sin nombre?

A

Hanta

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31
Q

walking pneumonia is the name given to an infection caused by ____

A

mycoplasma pneumonia

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32
Q

hypercapnia is associated with ____ and is an ____ level of ____

A

RSV
elevated
CO2

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33
Q

the reservoir for influenza is ____

A

aquatic birds

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34
Q

croup is also known as ____

A

parainfluenza

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35
Q

what is the correct order of pertussis?

A
  • prodromal
  • catarrhal
  • paroxysmal
  • convalescence
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36
Q

what disease may present with a pseudomembrane composed of bacteria fibrin and cell debris?

A

diphtheria

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37
Q

“oriental sore” is the common name for the disease ____

A

Leishmaniasis

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38
Q

severe immunosuppression in children is a complication of ____

A

Rubeola (measles)

39
Q

the vector for spread of pneumonic plague is ____

A

human

40
Q

a skin disease associated with children and poor hygiene is ____

A

impetigo

41
Q

a palpable lesion containing clear fluid is a ____

A

vesicle

42
Q

african sleeping sickness is fatal because it infects the ____

A

brain

43
Q

Loaiasis is an infection of the eye caused by a ____

A

worm

44
Q

“Rabbit Fever” is the disease ____

A

tularemia

45
Q

the blackened papule produced in woolsorter’s disease is a(n) ____

A

eschar

46
Q

scalded skin syndrome is caused by ____ toxins produced by ____

A

exfoliative, staphylococcus

47
Q

“Pink eye” is the common name for the disease ____

A

conjunctivitis

48
Q

infection of the veins is known as ____

A

thrombophlebitis

49
Q

the skin disease that sounds like “Rice Crispies” cereal after the addition of milk is ____

A

gas gangrene

50
Q

“Sin Nombre” virus is spread via ____

A

inhalation of dried rodent urine & feces

51
Q

“Flesh-eating bug” is the common name for ____

A

necrotizing fasciitis
(caused by strep pyogenes)

52
Q

the vector for transmission of bubonic plague is ____

A

flea

53
Q

the most virulent bacterial infection ever known to man is ____

A

plague

54
Q

this arbovirus is also known as “breakbone fever”

A

dengue

55
Q

the most prevalent rickettsial disease in the US is ____

A

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

56
Q

South American Sleeping Sickness is spread via the bite of the ____

A

kissing bug

57
Q

candidiasis of the skin in babies is known as ____

A

diaper rash

58
Q

Varicella-Zoster refers to the viral illness of ____ and ____

A

chicken pox, shingles

59
Q

what are the insect vectors in relapsing fever?

A

Tick, louse

60
Q

in rocky mountain spotted fever, the rash begins on the ____ and moves towards ____

A

extremities, torso

61
Q

the most common normal flora to cause infection in both the upper and lower respiratory tract is ____

A

streptococcus

62
Q

the vector associated with Ebola is ____

A

unknown

63
Q

the joint predominantly affected by chronic Lyme Disease is ____

A

knee

64
Q

warts are caused by ____

A

HPV

65
Q

the leading eye infection in underdeveloped nations contracted via ____

A

vaginal birth

66
Q

african sleeping sickness is spreading by the bile of the ____

A

tsetse fly

67
Q

infection of the valves of the heart is known as ____

A

endocarditis

68
Q

the etiologic agent of lyme disease is ____

A

borrelia

69
Q

the annual influenza season is an example of ____

A

antigenic drift
(bolded in virology lecture)

70
Q

the most common method of contracting undulant fever in the US is consumption of ____

A

unpasteurized dairy produces

71
Q

“hot tub” folliculitis is caused by ____

A

pseudomonas

72
Q

the most serious and extensive form of acne is ____

A

nodular cystic

73
Q

the most common treatment for the removal of warts is ____

A

cautery with cryotherapy

74
Q

the most common vector in the arboviruses is the ____

A

mosquito

75
Q

varicella is caused by ____

A

HHV3

76
Q

the virus that causes severe neurological complications in developing fetuses is ____

A

rubella
(bolded in notes)

77
Q

blistering of the urogenital mucosa is predominantly caused by ____

A

human herpesvirus 2
(Lecture 13)

78
Q

the parasitic disease Filariasis is caused by either ____ or ____

A

Wuchereria; Brugia

79
Q

a localized region of pus with extensive inflammation is a ____

A

furuncle

80
Q

erythema migrans is ____

A

bulls eye rash

81
Q

the secondary reservoir in lyme disease is ____

A

deer

82
Q

the leading eye infection in undeveloped nations is caused by ____

A

chlamydia trachomatis

83
Q

tularemia may manifest as…

A

ulceroglandular
typhoidal
oculoglandular

84
Q

fever blisters on the oral mucosa are predominantly caused by ____

A

human herpesvirus 1

85
Q

undulent fever is also known as ____

A

brucellosis

86
Q

the primary reservoir in lyme disease is ____

A

mice

87
Q

the most common cause of bacterial endocarditis is ____

A

streptococcus

88
Q

south american trypanosomiasis is called ____

A

Chagas’ disease

89
Q

hemagglutinin and neuraminidase spikes are found on the surface of ____

A

Parainfluenza Virus (HPIV)

90
Q

a flat, non-palpable lesion is called a ____

A

macule

91
Q

a palpable lesion is called a ____

A

papule

92
Q

a palpable, pus-filled lesion is called a ____

A

pustule

93
Q

what is infection of the arteries called?

A

endoarteritis

NYCC Microbiology (17 decks)

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