Agars & Antibiotics (Lab Only) Flashcards
what is microbiological media?
(AKA bacterial culture media)
growth medium used to grow bacteria
when is bacterial culture media used?
when a specific bacterium must be grown in order to confirm the presence of an infection or study a specific bacterium further
chemical media
- uses chemicals in precise amounts to provide needed nutrients to an organism
- AKA chemically defined & can be duplicated exactly
organic media
- contains organic material (blood, egg yolk) that a certain bacterium may need to grow
- AKA complex, and cannot be duplicated exactly due to hormones & other factors based on the source & host of additive
selective media allows for…
growth of certain organisms while excluding others
differential media allows for…
determination of certain types or strains of bacteria based on a reaction
name 5 types of selective media
- eosin methylene blue
- YM (yeast extract, malt extract agar)
- MacConkey agar
- mannitol salt agar
- sabouraud’s agar
name 4 types of differential media
- blood agar
- eosin methylene blue
- MacConkey agar
- mannitol salt agar
define selective toxicity
selectively finding and destroying pathogens without damaging the host
define antibiotic
a substance produced by a microbe that, in small amounts, inhibits another microbe
define antimicrobial drugs
synthetic substances that interfere with growth of microbes
define narrow spectrum of microbial activity
drugs that affect a narrow range of microbial types (given first to avoid resistance)
define broad-spectrum antibiotics
affect a broad range of gram+ or gram- bacteria (what we worry about for antibiotic resistance)
name 2 actions of antimicrobial drugs
bactericidal
bacteriostatic
define bactericidal
kill microbes directly (eg. cooking)
define bacteriostatic
prevent microbes from growing (eg. freezing)
Name 5 actions of antibiotics upon bacteria
- inhibit cell wall synthesis
- inhibit protein synthesis
- injure plasma membrane
- inhibit nucleic acid synthesis
- inhibit synthesis of essential metabolites
why are the best antibiotics for humans ones that act by inhibiting cell wall synthesis?
humans have no cell walls