Final Review 2 Flashcards

1
Q

A medical term for partial collapse of alveoli in an area of the lungs

A

Atelectasis

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2
Q

A collection of fluid in the thoracic cavity, usually between the layers of the pleural membrane

A

Pleural effusion

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3
Q

Which of the following conditions results from inflammation and narrowing of the airways

A

Asthma

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4
Q

How does asthma differ from chronic bronchitis and emphysema

A

The chronic airflow limitation from asthma is reversible

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5
Q

Is the medical term for temporary cessation of breathing

A

Apnea

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6
Q

Which of the following is a term for the space between the lungs in the thoracic cavity

A

Mediastinum

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7
Q

Is a collection of air in the pleural cavity that can cause a collapsed lung

A

Pneumothorax

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8
Q

For the TB skin test, a small amount of _______ is injected just below the dermis

A

Purified protein derivative tuberculin

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9
Q

In this condition, hydrostatic and osmotic forces favor the movement of fluid from the intravascular compartment to the intestinal space; that is , hydrostatic forces are greater than osmotic forces

A

Edema

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10
Q

Excess fluid in the interstitial space is generally referred to as

A

Edema

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11
Q

Excessive water loss as a result of insufficient ADH loss

A

Diabetes insipidus

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12
Q

The brain can become accustomed to high levels of sodium, as the levels drop with the treatment of hypernatremia, water moves into cerebral cells, causing

A

Cerebral edema

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13
Q

High calcium levels interfere with ADH, resulting in increased water excretion

A

Polyuria

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14
Q

Refers to infection in the bladder

A

Cystitis

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15
Q

Tend to grow either as flat or papillary tumors

A

Bladder cancer

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16
Q

Is an inherited disorder characterized by numerous, grape like clusters of fluid filled cysts in both kidneys

A

Polycystic disease

17
Q

Refers to the presence of renal Calculi (kidney stones)

A

Nephrolithiasis

18
Q

Stimulates the bone marrow to produce more red blood cells

A

Erythropoietin

19
Q

A condition where the foreskin of the penis does not have an adequate opening to allow it to be pulled back over the head of the penis

A

Phimosis

20
Q

Abnormal dilation of the veins of the spermatic cord leading to the testicle

A

Varicocele

21
Q

A ____ occurs when the bladder protrudes into the anterior wall of the vagina

May be identified as a prolapsed bladder

A

Cystocele

22
Q

The weakened pelvis support that results in this condition results from excessive straining (childbirth, chronic constipation, and heavy lifting)

A

Cystocele

23
Q

Refers to blockage of intestinal contents in the small intestine where it is most common or the large intestine

A

Intestinal obstruction

24
Q

Tumors, adhesions, and hernias account for approximately 90% of all mechanical __________ obstructions

A

Small intestine

25
Q

Tumors, diverticulitis, and volvulus are the most common causes of mechanical _______ obstruction

A

Large intestinal

26
Q

Intestinal obstructions have two types of causes

A

Mechanical and functional

27
Q

Stones that form inside the gallbladder

A

Cholelithiasis

28
Q

Biliary sludge as a result of gallbladder stasis often precedes

A

Cholelithiasis

29
Q

Surgical removal, usually laparoscopically, of Calculi or gallbladder

A

Cholecystectomy

30
Q

Refers to a progressive irreversible diffuse damage to the liver resulting in decreased liver function

A

Cirrhosis