Final Review 2 Flashcards
A medical term for partial collapse of alveoli in an area of the lungs
Atelectasis
A collection of fluid in the thoracic cavity, usually between the layers of the pleural membrane
Pleural effusion
Which of the following conditions results from inflammation and narrowing of the airways
Asthma
How does asthma differ from chronic bronchitis and emphysema
The chronic airflow limitation from asthma is reversible
Is the medical term for temporary cessation of breathing
Apnea
Which of the following is a term for the space between the lungs in the thoracic cavity
Mediastinum
Is a collection of air in the pleural cavity that can cause a collapsed lung
Pneumothorax
For the TB skin test, a small amount of _______ is injected just below the dermis
Purified protein derivative tuberculin
In this condition, hydrostatic and osmotic forces favor the movement of fluid from the intravascular compartment to the intestinal space; that is , hydrostatic forces are greater than osmotic forces
Edema
Excess fluid in the interstitial space is generally referred to as
Edema
Excessive water loss as a result of insufficient ADH loss
Diabetes insipidus
The brain can become accustomed to high levels of sodium, as the levels drop with the treatment of hypernatremia, water moves into cerebral cells, causing
Cerebral edema
High calcium levels interfere with ADH, resulting in increased water excretion
Polyuria
Refers to infection in the bladder
Cystitis
Tend to grow either as flat or papillary tumors
Bladder cancer
Is an inherited disorder characterized by numerous, grape like clusters of fluid filled cysts in both kidneys
Polycystic disease
Refers to the presence of renal Calculi (kidney stones)
Nephrolithiasis
Stimulates the bone marrow to produce more red blood cells
Erythropoietin
A condition where the foreskin of the penis does not have an adequate opening to allow it to be pulled back over the head of the penis
Phimosis
Abnormal dilation of the veins of the spermatic cord leading to the testicle
Varicocele
A ____ occurs when the bladder protrudes into the anterior wall of the vagina
May be identified as a prolapsed bladder
Cystocele
The weakened pelvis support that results in this condition results from excessive straining (childbirth, chronic constipation, and heavy lifting)
Cystocele
Refers to blockage of intestinal contents in the small intestine where it is most common or the large intestine
Intestinal obstruction
Tumors, adhesions, and hernias account for approximately 90% of all mechanical __________ obstructions
Small intestine
Tumors, diverticulitis, and volvulus are the most common causes of mechanical _______ obstruction
Large intestinal
Intestinal obstructions have two types of causes
Mechanical and functional
Stones that form inside the gallbladder
Cholelithiasis
Biliary sludge as a result of gallbladder stasis often precedes
Cholelithiasis
Surgical removal, usually laparoscopically, of Calculi or gallbladder
Cholecystectomy
Refers to a progressive irreversible diffuse damage to the liver resulting in decreased liver function
Cirrhosis
