Chapter 3 Hematopoietic Function Flashcards
A common acquired or inherited disorder of the erythrocytes that impairs the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood.
Anemia
Movement toward or away from a chemical stimulus.
Chemotaxis
Is a cellular function, particularly of neutrophils and monocytes, whose phagocytic activity is influenced by chemical factors released by invading microorganisms.
Chemotaxis
The passage of white blood cells through the walls of the blood vessels without damage to the vessels.
Diapedesis
Red blood cell
4.5 to 6 million per cubic ML of blood
Function to carry oxygen to all body cells with the aid hemoglobin
Disk shape live only 80-120 days
Erythrocytes
A laboratory expression of how much of the blood volume is being occupied by the erythrocytes
Refers to how much of the blood volume consists of erythrocytes
Hematocrit
A measure of the packed cell volume of red cells, normal range for men is ________ and women ______.
43 - 49 % men
37 - 43 % women
The process of blood formation; it occurs primarily in the bone marrow.
Hematopoiesis
Part of an erythrocyte, it binds to oxygen giving blood it’s red color.
Hemoglobin
A complex protein iron compound in the blood that carries oxygen to the cells from the lungs and carbon dioxide away from the cells to the lungs.
Is a special protein, combination with oxygen and the mineral iron. It is a pigment, when combined with oxygen gives blood it’s bright color
Hemoglobin
In an atmosphere of high oxygen concentration, such as in the lungs, hemoglobin binds with oxygen to form
Oxyhemoglobin
In an atmosphere of low oxygen concentration, such as in the peripheral tissues of the body, oxygen is replaced by carbon dioxide in the lungs and picks up oxygen from transport to the cells.
Carboxyhemoglobin
Excessive destruction of erythrocytes that causes hemolytic anemia
Hemolysis
Dilution of the blood by intravenous administration of excessive hypotonic solutions, which causes progressive swelling and eventual rupture of erythrocyte, also results in
Hemolysis
White blood cell
Leuckocyte
Increased white blood cell level, it can indicate an active infectious process.
Leukocytosis
An insufficient number of circulating neutrophils
Neutropenia
An infection fighting agent
Neutrophils
A lack of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes
Pancytopenia
The process by which certain cells engulf and destroy microorganisms and cellular debris
Phagocytosis
5 step process to phagocytosis
Invagination
Engulfment
Internalization and formation of the phagocyte vacuole
Fusing of lysozymes to digest the material
Release of digested microbial products
Liquid portion of the blood, primarily composed of protein
Watery light yellow fluid part of the lymph
RBCs, WBCs, and platelets are suspended in it
Made of water, electrolytes, proteins, glucose, fats, bilirubin, and gases.
Plasma
Most people are exposed to the virus as children and because of the exposure, they develop immunity to the virus and do not ever develop
Infectious mononucleosis
Increased blood platelet levels; a condition that increases the risk of thrombus blood clot formation.
Thrombocytosis
Is the yellowish liquid portion of the blood that makes the largest component of the blood
Plasma
Are the white blood cells that fight infections
Leukocytes
Are red blood cells; they carry oxygen to the tissues and transport carbon dioxide out of the tissues
Erythrocytes
Very small cell fragments, live only 5-9 days
Produced in bone marrow
Necessary for blood clotting coagulation
Normal range 150,000 to 450,000
Thrombocytes
Normal range of adult values for the blood cells
RBC 4-6 million
WBC 5000-10000
Platelets 150,000 to 400000
Is the process of blood formation that begins during the first few weeks of embryonic development
Hematopoiesis
Where are red blood cells formed ?
Bone marrow
Is the process that stops bleeding resulting from injury
Hemostasis
The first step in wound healing involves three steps
Vasospasm
Platelet plug
Coagulation
Is a brief reflex in which the blood vessel narrows to decrease blood flow to the injury and increase blood pressure
Vasospasm
Involves activation, aggregation, and adherence of platelets into a plug that serves as a barrier against blood flowing out of the vessel.
Platelet plug
During________, a fibrin mesh is cleaved from fibrinogen. Fibrin acts like a kind of glue during clot formation, holding the platelet plug together. Once the blood flow is stopped, tissue repair can begin.
Coagulation
Increased wbc levels and can indicate an infectious process
Leukocytosis
Is a decrease in wbc levels and can indicate an immune deficiency state
Leukopenia
Refers to a decrease in circulating neutrophils to fewer than 1500 cells
Neutropenia
Normal range for neutrophils
2000-7500
Signs and symptoms of Hodgkin lymphoma
Swollen painless lymph nodes
Weight loss
Night sweats
Persistent fever
Malaise
Recurrent infection
Splenomegaly
Is a cancer of the leukocytes, with this disease, the bone marrow stem cells make abnormal leukocytes
Huge numbers of immature WBCs are produced, cancer of the blood and blood forming organs
Leukemia
Signs and symptoms of leukemia
Bone pain
Weigh loss
Anorexia
Splenomegaly
Leukopenia
Is the most common type of anemia in the world. This type of anemia is most seen in women of child bearing age, children younger than 2 years of age and the elderly. Iron deficiency anemia occurs when the supply of iron is not adequate to the demand of hemoglobin production.
Iron deficiency anemia
This type of anemia often results from cyanocobalamin (b12 deficiency) which usually occurs gradually due to a lack of intrinsic factors.
Pernicious anemia
Is genetic type of hemolytic anemia in which erythrocytes have a crescent or sickle shape. It is caused by an abnormal type of hemoglobin called hemoglobin type S. It is an inherited disorder that is neither recessive nor dominant.
Sickle cell anemia
Is an inherited disorder that results in decreased coagulation
Hemophilia
Red bone marrow
Lymphatic tissue of the spleen
Lymph nodes and thymus gland
Hematopoietic tissues
All blood cells are formed in the ?
Red bone marrow
Excessive destruction of erythrocytes that causes hemolytic anemia
Hemolysis
Process by which WBC engulfs the bacteria or other organism when fighting infections
Phagocytosis
Failure of the bone marrow to replace platelets at an adequate rate, resulting in deficiency
Characterized by Petechiae
Thrombocytopenia
Pinpoint hemorrhages under skin
Petechaie
Decreased platelet levels a condition that increases the risk of bleeding
Thrombocytopenia
A malignant disorder characterized by painless, progressive enlargement of lymphoid tissue, usually first evident in cervical lymph nodes; Splenomegaly; and the presence of reed sternberg cells.
Hodgkin lymphoma
A diverse group of malignant solid tumors of peripheral lymphoid tissue, distinguished from Hodgkin lymphoma by the absence of reed sternberg cells.
Non Hodgkin lymphoma
Is characterized by excessive numbers of abnormal plasma cells in bone marrow, crowding out the blood forming cells.
A cancer of the plasma cells that affects older adults
Multiple myeloma
A common acquired or inherited disorder of the erythrocytes that impairs the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood
Anemia
A hemolytic anemia characterized by microcytic, hypochromic red blood cells. Is caused by an inherited deficiency of alpha or beta globin synthesis abnormal hemoglobin
Thalassemia
An increase in the red blood cell count and circulating red blood cell mass that may be primary or secondary to pulmonary disease, or prolonged exposure to high altitude
Polycythemia Vera
An X linked recessive bleeding disorder that involves a deficit or abnormality of clotting factor VIII
Hemophilia A
A common bleeding disorder caused by a defect or deficiency of a blood clotting protein called vonWillebrand factor
VonWillebrand disease
Is an auto immune disorder which results in antibodies which destroys the platelets
Destroys its own platelets
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic pupura
