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Pathophsyiology > Chapter 3 Hematopoietic Function > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Hematopoietic Function Flashcards

1
Q

A common acquired or inherited disorder of the erythrocytes that impairs the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood.

A

Anemia

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2
Q

Movement toward or away from a chemical stimulus.

A

Chemotaxis

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3
Q

Is a cellular function, particularly of neutrophils and monocytes, whose phagocytic activity is influenced by chemical factors released by invading microorganisms.

A

Chemotaxis

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4
Q

The passage of white blood cells through the walls of the blood vessels without damage to the vessels.

A

Diapedesis

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5
Q

Red blood cell
4.5 to 6 million per cubic ML of blood
Function to carry oxygen to all body cells with the aid hemoglobin
Disk shape live only 80-120 days

A

Erythrocytes

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6
Q

A laboratory expression of how much of the blood volume is being occupied by the erythrocytes

Refers to how much of the blood volume consists of erythrocytes

A

Hematocrit

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7
Q

A measure of the packed cell volume of red cells, normal range for men is ________ and women ______.

A

43 - 49 % men

37 - 43 % women

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8
Q

The process of blood formation; it occurs primarily in the bone marrow.

A

Hematopoiesis

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9
Q

Part of an erythrocyte, it binds to oxygen giving blood it’s red color.

A

Hemoglobin

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10
Q

A complex protein iron compound in the blood that carries oxygen to the cells from the lungs and carbon dioxide away from the cells to the lungs.

Is a special protein, combination with oxygen and the mineral iron. It is a pigment, when combined with oxygen gives blood it’s bright color

A

Hemoglobin

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11
Q

In an atmosphere of high oxygen concentration, such as in the lungs, hemoglobin binds with oxygen to form

A

Oxyhemoglobin

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12
Q

In an atmosphere of low oxygen concentration, such as in the peripheral tissues of the body, oxygen is replaced by carbon dioxide in the lungs and picks up oxygen from transport to the cells.

A

Carboxyhemoglobin

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13
Q

Excessive destruction of erythrocytes that causes hemolytic anemia

A

Hemolysis

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14
Q

Dilution of the blood by intravenous administration of excessive hypotonic solutions, which causes progressive swelling and eventual rupture of erythrocyte, also results in

A

Hemolysis

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15
Q

White blood cell

A

Leuckocyte

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16
Q

Increased white blood cell level, it can indicate an active infectious process.

A

Leukocytosis

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17
Q

An insufficient number of circulating neutrophils

A

Neutropenia

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18
Q

An infection fighting agent

A

Neutrophils

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19
Q

A lack of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes

A

Pancytopenia

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20
Q

The process by which certain cells engulf and destroy microorganisms and cellular debris

A

Phagocytosis

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21
Q

5 step process to phagocytosis

A

Invagination
Engulfment
Internalization and formation of the phagocyte vacuole
Fusing of lysozymes to digest the material
Release of digested microbial products

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22
Q

Liquid portion of the blood, primarily composed of protein
Watery light yellow fluid part of the lymph
RBCs, WBCs, and platelets are suspended in it
Made of water, electrolytes, proteins, glucose, fats, bilirubin, and gases.

A

Plasma

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23
Q

Most people are exposed to the virus as children and because of the exposure, they develop immunity to the virus and do not ever develop

A

Infectious mononucleosis

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24
Q

Increased blood platelet levels; a condition that increases the risk of thrombus blood clot formation.

A

Thrombocytosis

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25
Q

Is the yellowish liquid portion of the blood that makes the largest component of the blood

A

Plasma

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26
Q

Are the white blood cells that fight infections

A

Leukocytes

27
Q

Are red blood cells; they carry oxygen to the tissues and transport carbon dioxide out of the tissues

A

Erythrocytes

28
Q

Very small cell fragments, live only 5-9 days
Produced in bone marrow
Necessary for blood clotting coagulation
Normal range 150,000 to 450,000

A

Thrombocytes

29
Q

Normal range of adult values for the blood cells

A

RBC 4-6 million

WBC 5000-10000

Platelets 150,000 to 400000

30
Q

Is the process of blood formation that begins during the first few weeks of embryonic development

A

Hematopoiesis

31
Q

Where are red blood cells formed ?

A

Bone marrow

32
Q

Is the process that stops bleeding resulting from injury

A

Hemostasis

33
Q

The first step in wound healing involves three steps

A

Vasospasm
Platelet plug
Coagulation

34
Q

Is a brief reflex in which the blood vessel narrows to decrease blood flow to the injury and increase blood pressure

A

Vasospasm

35
Q

Involves activation, aggregation, and adherence of platelets into a plug that serves as a barrier against blood flowing out of the vessel.

A

Platelet plug

36
Q

During________, a fibrin mesh is cleaved from fibrinogen. Fibrin acts like a kind of glue during clot formation, holding the platelet plug together. Once the blood flow is stopped, tissue repair can begin.

A

Coagulation

37
Q

Increased wbc levels and can indicate an infectious process

A

Leukocytosis

38
Q

Is a decrease in wbc levels and can indicate an immune deficiency state

A

Leukopenia

39
Q

Refers to a decrease in circulating neutrophils to fewer than 1500 cells

A

Neutropenia

40
Q

Normal range for neutrophils

A

2000-7500

41
Q

Signs and symptoms of Hodgkin lymphoma

A

Swollen painless lymph nodes
Weight loss
Night sweats
Persistent fever
Malaise
Recurrent infection
Splenomegaly

42
Q

Is a cancer of the leukocytes, with this disease, the bone marrow stem cells make abnormal leukocytes

Huge numbers of immature WBCs are produced, cancer of the blood and blood forming organs

A

Leukemia

43
Q

Signs and symptoms of leukemia

A

Bone pain
Weigh loss
Anorexia
Splenomegaly
Leukopenia

44
Q

Is the most common type of anemia in the world. This type of anemia is most seen in women of child bearing age, children younger than 2 years of age and the elderly. Iron deficiency anemia occurs when the supply of iron is not adequate to the demand of hemoglobin production.

A

Iron deficiency anemia

45
Q

This type of anemia often results from cyanocobalamin (b12 deficiency) which usually occurs gradually due to a lack of intrinsic factors.

A

Pernicious anemia

46
Q

Is genetic type of hemolytic anemia in which erythrocytes have a crescent or sickle shape. It is caused by an abnormal type of hemoglobin called hemoglobin type S. It is an inherited disorder that is neither recessive nor dominant.

A

Sickle cell anemia

47
Q

Is an inherited disorder that results in decreased coagulation

A

Hemophilia

48
Q

Red bone marrow
Lymphatic tissue of the spleen
Lymph nodes and thymus gland

A

Hematopoietic tissues

49
Q

All blood cells are formed in the ?

A

Red bone marrow

50
Q

Excessive destruction of erythrocytes that causes hemolytic anemia

A

Hemolysis

51
Q

Process by which WBC engulfs the bacteria or other organism when fighting infections

A

Phagocytosis

52
Q

Failure of the bone marrow to replace platelets at an adequate rate, resulting in deficiency
Characterized by Petechiae

A

Thrombocytopenia

53
Q

Pinpoint hemorrhages under skin

A

Petechaie

54
Q

Decreased platelet levels a condition that increases the risk of bleeding

A

Thrombocytopenia

55
Q

A malignant disorder characterized by painless, progressive enlargement of lymphoid tissue, usually first evident in cervical lymph nodes; Splenomegaly; and the presence of reed sternberg cells.

A

Hodgkin lymphoma

56
Q

A diverse group of malignant solid tumors of peripheral lymphoid tissue, distinguished from Hodgkin lymphoma by the absence of reed sternberg cells.

A

Non Hodgkin lymphoma

57
Q

Is characterized by excessive numbers of abnormal plasma cells in bone marrow, crowding out the blood forming cells.

A cancer of the plasma cells that affects older adults

A

Multiple myeloma

58
Q

A common acquired or inherited disorder of the erythrocytes that impairs the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood

A

Anemia

59
Q

A hemolytic anemia characterized by microcytic, hypochromic red blood cells. Is caused by an inherited deficiency of alpha or beta globin synthesis abnormal hemoglobin

A

Thalassemia

60
Q

An increase in the red blood cell count and circulating red blood cell mass that may be primary or secondary to pulmonary disease, or prolonged exposure to high altitude

A

Polycythemia Vera

61
Q

An X linked recessive bleeding disorder that involves a deficit or abnormality of clotting factor VIII

A

Hemophilia A

62
Q

A common bleeding disorder caused by a defect or deficiency of a blood clotting protein called vonWillebrand factor

A

VonWillebrand disease

63
Q

Is an auto immune disorder which results in antibodies which destroys the platelets
Destroys its own platelets

A

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic pupura

Pathophsyiology (15 decks)

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