Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pathophsyiology > Chapter 7 Urinary Function > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Urinary Function Flashcards

1
Q

The kidneys are the primary site for carrying out the urinary systems functions. One kidney contains 1-2 million microscopic filtering units or _________, to accomplish its functions.

A

Nephrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Is similar to a long funnel and stem

Contain multiple sections (loop of henle, PCT, and DCT) and each of these sections is responsible for excreting or reabsorption specific substances.

A

Nephrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Clinical manifestations of nephritic syndrome

A

Oliguria decreased urine output

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Is a common, nonmalignant enlargement of the prostate gland that occurs as men age, usually appearing before 50.

A

Benign prostatic hyperplasia BPH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Does not increase prostate cancer risk, but it’s clinical presentation is very similar to that of prostate cancer

A

BPH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Refers to the presence of renal Calculi. Calculi are hard masses of crystals composed of minerals that the kidneys normally excrete.

A

Nephrolithiasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The most frequently encountered type of calculus contains calcium in combination with either oxalate or phosphate

A

Kidney stones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Calculi usually cause symptoms only when they obstruct urine flow. This obstruction can lead to ______ (urine accumulation in the kidney) and secondary infection.

A

Hydronephrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Refers to infections in the bladder

A

Cystitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Include any infections that begin in the urinary tract. The lower urinary tract is the most frequent site of these infections.

A

UTIs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

UTIs can be more specifically classified based on location.

A

Urethritis urethra

Cystitis bladder

Pyelonephritis kidneys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Are caused by a direct invasion of the urinary tract by bacteria

A

UTI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Escherichia coli a gram negative aerobic bacterium that is a normal part of the intestinal flora, accounts for 75% to 95% of

A

UTIs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Clinical manifestations of neurogenic bladder

A

Hydronephrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Refers to renal conditions typically affecting both kidneys, most of which are characterized by inflammation of the glumeruli

A

Glomerulonephritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Affecting men more than women, _______ is a leading cause of chronic kidney disease in the United States; the inflammatory changes impair the kidneys ability to excrete waste.

A

Glomerulonephritis

17
Q

Is an abnormal dilation of the renal pelvis and the clauses of one or both kidneys that occurs secondary to a disease

A

Hydronephrosis

18
Q

Diseases that obstruct urine flow are commonly associated with this condition, BPH, kidney stones, thrombi, tumors, strictures, and stenosis.

A

Hydronephrosis

19
Q

Clinical manifestations of Wilms tumor, renal cysts, and UTIs

A

Hematuria

20
Q

Infection of the urinary tract that often ascends from the urinary meatus. It is typically caused by escheria coli and occurs more frequently in females

A

UTI

21
Q

Two forms of UTIs

A

Cystitis
Urethritis

22
Q

Infection of the renal parenchyma causes an inflammatory response called

A

Pyelonephritis

23
Q

Causes for urinary retention

A

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

UTIs

24
Q

A technique for providing the function of the kidneys by passing the blood through tubes surrounded by solutions that selectively remove waste products and excess minerals

A

Hemodialysis

25
Q

Patients blood is shunted from the body through a machine for diffusion and ultrafiltration and then returned to the patients circulation

A

Hemodialysis

26
Q

In _______, blood is filtered through a machine that acts as an artificial kidney and returned to the body

A

Hemodialysis

27
Q

Is an inherited disorder characterized by numerous, grape like clusters of lucid filled cysts in both kidneys

A

Polycystic kidney disease PKD

28
Q

These cysts enlarge the kidneys while compressing and eventually replacing the functional kidney tissue

A

PKD

29
Q

A bilateral inflammatory disorder of the glomeruli that typically follows a streptococcal infection

A

Glomerulonephritis

30
Q

An infection that has reached one or both kidneys

A

Pyelonephritis

31
Q

Involuntary loss of urine

A

Urinary incontinence

32
Q

The ______ is the functional unit of the kidney

A

Nephron

Pathophsyiology (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions