Final; Periodontal Risk

Question 1

What is risk assessment

Answer 1

a statistical evaluation to determine how much you would like to gamble
the ability to define what may happen in the future and the choose among alternatives

Question 2

What are three properties of risk assessment

Answer 2

contains numerous components
is the probability of contracting the disease
varies between individuals

Question 3

What are the four steps in the process of risk assessment

Answer 3

identification of factors
development of risk assessment model
assessment of populations
targeting prevention or intervention

Question 4

What are four characteristics of risk factors

Answer 4

environment, behavioral, or biological factors
increase likelihood of disease
causal chain → disease occurrence
exposure before disease onset

Question 5

True or False

The risk factor must be there before the disease

Answer 5

True

Question 6

What are the two known risk factors in the periodontium

Answer 6

diabetes

smoking

Question 7

What is odds ratio

Answer 7

its a way of comparing whether the probability of a certain event is the same for two groups

Question 8

What is the odds ratio for smoking and diabetes

Answer 8

smoking - 2.5 to 3.7

diabetes - 2.8 to 3.4

Question 9

What is a risk determinant

Answer 9

its a risk factor that cannot be modified

genetics, age, gender (men > women), SE status

Question 10

What is a risk indicator

Answer 10

a probable or putative risk factor

identified in cross-sectional studies, but not confirmed in longitudinal studies

Question 11

What are four examples of risk indicators

Answer 11

microbiota
inflammation
HIV/AIDS
osteoporosis

Question 12

What is a risk predictor

Answer 12

associated with elevated risk of disease
may not be part of the casual chain
identified in cross sectional or longitudinal studies
useful for determining who is at risk, but not identifying likely interventions

Question 13

What are examples of risk predictors

Answer 13

previous periodontal disease
BOP
remaining teeth <28
periodontal support relative to age
calculus
furcations

Question 14

What is a prognostic factor

Answer 14

an environmental, behavioral, or biologic factor
directly effects the probability of positive outcome when therapy is rendered
may also be considered a risk factor

Question 15

What are four examples of a prognostic factor

Answer 15

extent/severity of presenting disease
level of oral hygiene
infrequent dental visits
smoking

Question 16

What four things are needed for a clinical risk assessment

Answer 16

demographic data
medical history
dental history
clinical examination

Question 17

Once an at risk patient is identified and a diagnosis is made, what can occur

Answer 17

their treatment plan can be modified

Question 18

What are the four steps of risk assessment

Answer 18

determine risk
modification of prognosis
modification of treatment plan
patient education

Question 19

What is an etiologic factor

Answer 19

a variable contributing to the cause of disease

Question 20

What is the risk assessment variable

Answer 20

a variable associated with increased chance of developing disease