Exam 2; Gingival Diseases 1 Flashcards
Gingival inflammation clinically presenting as gingivitis is NOT always due to what
accumulation of plaque on the tooth surface
What are two examples of gingival lesions of specific bacterial origin
infective gingivitis and stomatitis
How would you diagnose gingival lesions of specific bacterial origin
biopsy
microbiologic examination
What are two viruses that can cause gingival lesions
herpes simplex 1 and 2
varicella-zoster
What are some symptoms of PHS (primary hepatic gingivostomatitis)
painful severe gingivitis with redness
ulcerations with serofibrinous exudate
edema accompanied with stomatitis
What are three characteristics of PHS (primary hepatic gingivostomatitis)
incubation period is 1 week
formation of vesicles, which rupture and coalesce and leave fibrin-coated ulcers
healing within 10-14 days
The herpes virus can stay latent where
in the trigeminal ganglion
What diseases has the herpes virus been found in
gingivitis
NUD/NUP
periodontitis
Describe recurrent herpetic infections; herpes labialis
more than once a year
vermillion border and/or the skin adjacent to it
20-40% of individuals with primary infection
trauma. UV light, fever, menstruation
How would you diagnose a recurrent herpetic infection
generally considered an aphtous ulceration
ulcerations in the attached gingiva and hard palate
What is the treatment of gingival lesions of viral origin
careful plaque removal to limit bacterial superinfection of the ulcerations
systemic uptake of an antiviral medication
This virus causes small ulcers on the tongue, palate, and gingiva; can be unilateral
herpes zoster
Where is the herpes zoster virus latent
dorsal root ganglion
2nd and 3rd branch of trigeminal ganglion
How would you diagnose herpes zoster infection
usually obvious due to unilateral occurrence of the lesions associated with severe pain
What are the symptoms of a herpes zoster infection
skin and intraoral lesions
pain and paresthesia
What is the treatment for a herpes zoster infection
soft diet
atraumatic removal of plaque
dilute chlorahexidiene rinses
anti-viral drug therapy
What are the three most common fungal infections that may affect the oral cavity
candidosis
linear gingival erythema
histoplasmosis
What happens when infected with candidosis
reduced host defense
it is frequently isolated from the sub gingival flora of patients with severe periodontitis
What are three symptoms of a candidosis infection
painless or slightly sensitive
red and white lesions
lesions can be scraped or separated from the mucosa
Who are some patients who are susceptible to candidosis infection
cancer patients receiving radiation/chemo patients using several antibiotics diabetic women who develop vaginal candidosis pregnancy and the use of contraceptives
How would you diagnose a candidosis infection
culture
microscopic examination of a stained smears
burning tongue
What is the treatment for a candidosis infection
use of antimycotic/antifungal agents
What are the clinical characteristics of gingival candidate infections
redness of the attached gingiva
often associated with a granular surface
What are the characteristics of linear gingival erythema
distinct linear erythematous and limited to the free gingiva lack of bleeding C. albicans 50% of HIV associated sites immunosuppression
What is the treatment for linear gingival erythema
does not respond well to improved oral hygiene or to scaling
conventional therapy plus chlorahexadiene rinse
antimycotic therapy if candidia is detected
This is a granulomatous disease caused by histoplasma
histoplasmosis
What are the symptoms of histoplasmosis
any area of the oral mucosa; mainly the tongue
nodular or papillary and later may become ulcerative type of lesions with pain
How would you diagnose histoplasmosis
clinical view and histopathology
systemic manifestations
What is the treatment for histoplasmosis
systemic antifungal therapy
What are two symptoms of hereditary gingival fibromatosis
diffuse gingival enlargement
may interfere with or prevent tooth eruption
What can cause a diffuse fiery red edematous gingivitis sometimes with ulcerations or whitening
allergic reactions
What can cause allergies to occur in the oral cavity
dental restorative materials
oral hygiene products, chewing gum, and food
What can cause chemical traumatic lesions
surface etching by various chemical products with toxic properties
What can result from a physical traumatic lesion
hyperkeratosis; a white leukoplakia-like, frictional keratosis
gingival laceration resulting in gingival recession
traumatic ulcerative gingival lesion
What can cause thermal injury
minor burns from hot beverages
mostly seen on palatal and labial mucosa
painful erythematous lesions
vesicles may develop
What can cause a foreign body reaction
epithelial ulceration that allows entry of foreign material into gingival connecting tissue
can be detected via X-rays
