Exam 2; Gingival Diseases 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Gingival inflammation clinically presenting as gingivitis is NOT always due to what

A

accumulation of plaque on the tooth surface

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2
Q

What are two examples of gingival lesions of specific bacterial origin

A

infective gingivitis and stomatitis

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3
Q

How would you diagnose gingival lesions of specific bacterial origin

A

biopsy

microbiologic examination

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4
Q

What are two viruses that can cause gingival lesions

A

herpes simplex 1 and 2

varicella-zoster

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5
Q

What are some symptoms of PHS (primary hepatic gingivostomatitis)

A

painful severe gingivitis with redness
ulcerations with serofibrinous exudate
edema accompanied with stomatitis

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6
Q

What are three characteristics of PHS (primary hepatic gingivostomatitis)

A

incubation period is 1 week
formation of vesicles, which rupture and coalesce and leave fibrin-coated ulcers
healing within 10-14 days

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7
Q

The herpes virus can stay latent where

A

in the trigeminal ganglion

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8
Q

What diseases has the herpes virus been found in

A

gingivitis
NUD/NUP
periodontitis

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9
Q

Describe recurrent herpetic infections; herpes labialis

A

more than once a year
vermillion border and/or the skin adjacent to it
20-40% of individuals with primary infection
trauma. UV light, fever, menstruation

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10
Q

How would you diagnose a recurrent herpetic infection

A

generally considered an aphtous ulceration

ulcerations in the attached gingiva and hard palate

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11
Q

What is the treatment of gingival lesions of viral origin

A

careful plaque removal to limit bacterial superinfection of the ulcerations
systemic uptake of an antiviral medication

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12
Q

This virus causes small ulcers on the tongue, palate, and gingiva; can be unilateral

A

herpes zoster

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13
Q

Where is the herpes zoster virus latent

A

dorsal root ganglion

2nd and 3rd branch of trigeminal ganglion

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14
Q

How would you diagnose herpes zoster infection

A

usually obvious due to unilateral occurrence of the lesions associated with severe pain

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15
Q

What are the symptoms of a herpes zoster infection

A

skin and intraoral lesions

pain and paresthesia

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16
Q

What is the treatment for a herpes zoster infection

A

soft diet
atraumatic removal of plaque
dilute chlorahexidiene rinses
anti-viral drug therapy

17
Q

What are the three most common fungal infections that may affect the oral cavity

A

candidosis
linear gingival erythema
histoplasmosis

18
Q

What happens when infected with candidosis

A

reduced host defense

it is frequently isolated from the sub gingival flora of patients with severe periodontitis

19
Q

What are three symptoms of a candidosis infection

A

painless or slightly sensitive
red and white lesions
lesions can be scraped or separated from the mucosa

20
Q

Who are some patients who are susceptible to candidosis infection

A
cancer patients receiving radiation/chemo
patients using several antibiotics
diabetic
women who develop vaginal candidosis
pregnancy and the use of contraceptives
21
Q

How would you diagnose a candidosis infection

A

culture
microscopic examination of a stained smears
burning tongue

22
Q

What is the treatment for a candidosis infection

A

use of antimycotic/antifungal agents

23
Q

What are the clinical characteristics of gingival candidate infections

A

redness of the attached gingiva

often associated with a granular surface

24
Q

What are the characteristics of linear gingival erythema

A
distinct linear erythematous and limited to the free gingiva
lack of bleeding
C. albicans
50% of HIV associated sites 
immunosuppression
25
What is the treatment for linear gingival erythema
does not respond well to improved oral hygiene or to scaling conventional therapy plus chlorahexadiene rinse antimycotic therapy if candidia is detected
26
This is a granulomatous disease caused by histoplasma
histoplasmosis
27
What are the symptoms of histoplasmosis
any area of the oral mucosa; mainly the tongue | nodular or papillary and later may become ulcerative type of lesions with pain
28
How would you diagnose histoplasmosis
clinical view and histopathology | systemic manifestations
29
What is the treatment for histoplasmosis
systemic antifungal therapy
30
What are two symptoms of hereditary gingival fibromatosis
diffuse gingival enlargement | may interfere with or prevent tooth eruption
31
What can cause a diffuse fiery red edematous gingivitis sometimes with ulcerations or whitening
allergic reactions
32
What can cause allergies to occur in the oral cavity
dental restorative materials | oral hygiene products, chewing gum, and food
33
What can cause chemical traumatic lesions
surface etching by various chemical products with toxic properties
34
What can result from a physical traumatic lesion
hyperkeratosis; a white leukoplakia-like, frictional keratosis gingival laceration resulting in gingival recession traumatic ulcerative gingival lesion
35
What can cause thermal injury
minor burns from hot beverages mostly seen on palatal and labial mucosa painful erythematous lesions vesicles may develop
36
What can cause a foreign body reaction
epithelial ulceration that allows entry of foreign material into gingival connecting tissue can be detected via X-rays