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AU14 Periodontology > Exam 1; Anatomy of the Periodontium > Flashcards

Exam 1; Anatomy of the Periodontium Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four things that compose the periodontium

A

gingiva
periodontal ligament
root cementum
alveolar bone

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2
Q

What are the two endings of the PDL called

A

bundle bone when attached directly to bone

Sharpay’s fibers when attached to cementum

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3
Q

What are the two functions of the periodontium

A

attach the tooth to bony tissue of the jaw

maintain integrity of the masticatory mucosa

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4
Q

The cells that develop into the periodontium originate from where

A

neural crest (neural tube)

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5
Q

The stoma deal epithelium releases factors which initiate what

A

epithelial-ectomesenchymal interactions

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6
Q

What two structures does the dental papilla give rise to

A

the dentin and pulp

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7
Q

What structure does the dental follicle give rise to

A

the periodontium

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8
Q

This structure determines the shape and form of the tooth

A

dental papilla

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9
Q

Why do you not bleed upon eruption of the teeth?

A

because the tooth follows an epithelium lined canal with no vessels

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10
Q

This gives rise to the junctional epithelium

A

reduced enamel epithelium

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11
Q

The inner cells of the root sheath secrete what

A

enamel-related proteins; amelogenins

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12
Q

What is the role of amelogenins

A

it induces differentiation of ectomesenchymal cells of the folic contacting root surface to differentiate into cementoblasts

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13
Q

This is formed by fibroblasts that are differentiated from the dental follicle lateral to the cementum

A

periodontal ligament

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14
Q

These differentiate from dental follicle ectomesenchymal cells

A

osteoblasts (alveolar bone proper)

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15
Q

True or False

Ectomesenchymal cells do not remain in the mature periodontium

A

False; they do and participate in turnover (cementoblasts, osteoblasts, fibroblasts)

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16
Q

This is the part of the masticatory mucosa which covers the alveolar process and surrounds the cervical portion of the teeth

A

gingiva

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17
Q

What are the three parts of the gingiva

A

free gingiva
attached gingiva
interdental papilla

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18
Q

This extends from the free gingival margin to the free gingival groove

A

free gingiva

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19
Q

What type of epithelium is the free gingiva composed of

A

keratinized epithelium

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20
Q

This is the coronal end of the gingiva; located 1.5-2mm coronal to the CEJ

A

free gingival margin

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21
Q

This is the junction between the free and attached gingiva corresponding to the CEJ; only found in 30-40% of adults

A

free gingival groove

22
Q

This gingival epithelium faces the oral cavity

A

oral epithelium

23
Q

This gingival epithelium faces the tooth surface without contacting it

A

oral sulcular epithelium

24
Q

This provides contact between the gingiva and the tooth

A

junctional epithelium

25
Q

This is the source of the oral sulcular epithelium

A

oral epithelium

26
Q

What is the microscopic limits of the free (marginal) gingiva

A

extending from the FGM to the JE

27
Q

What is the macroscopic limits of the free (marginal) gingiva)

A

extending from the FGM to the FGG

28
Q

Having a firm texture, coral pink in color, and immobile are all properties of what

A

attached gingiva

29
Q

What can cause the width to vary regarding the attached gingiva, and where is it the widest/narrowest

A

increases with age
widest in incisors; narrowest in premolars
mandibular lingual; narrowest in incisors, widest in molars

30
Q

These are small depressions on the attached gingiva; present in only 40% of adults

A

stippling

31
Q

This is the junction between the attached gingiva and the alveolar mucosa

A

muccogingival junction

32
Q

True or False

The muccogingival junction extends to the palate

A

False; there is no muccogingival junction on the palate

33
Q

Why is there no muccogingival junction on the palate

A

because there is no alveolar bone; all keratinized tissue

34
Q

What is the keratinized gingiva composed of

A

The attached and marginal gingiva

35
Q

The marginal gingiva is also known as what

A

the sulcus

36
Q

If you are measuring 7mm of keratinized gingiva - 4mm sulcus, how much attached gingiva is there`

A 
3mm
7mm keratinized (attached + marginal) - 4mm sulcus (marginal) = 3mm attached
37
Q

What three things does the shape of the interdental papilla depend upon

A

the contact relationships between adjacent teeth
width of approximate tooth surfaces
course of CEJ

38
Q

This is the interdental papilla concavity seen in the contact regions of the premolar/molar; made of non-keratinized epithelium

A

col

39
Q

True or False

the col is prone to periodontal disease

A

True

40
Q

What becomes of the col upon tooth extraction

A

it will flatten and keratinize

41
Q

What are the four layers of the oral epithelium

A

basal layer (stratum basale)
prickle cell layer (stratum spinosum)
granular cell layer (stratum granulosum)
keratinized cell layer (stratum corneum)

42
Q

What two things occur from the basal layer to the granular layer

A

cytoplasmic tonofilaments and number of desmosomes increase

number of organelles increase

43
Q

What are the two cell types of the oral epithelium

A

keratinocytes (90%)

clear cells

44
Q

What three cells make up clear cells

A

melanocytes
Langerhans cells
Merkel’s cells

45
Q

This is present between the basal layer of oral epithelium and the CT; 1-2µm wide

A

basement membrane

46
Q

What molecules is the basement membrane rich in

A

glycoproteins

contains protein-polysaccharide complexes

47
Q

This layer of the basement membrane is adjacent to basal cells

A

lamina lucida

48
Q

This layer of the basement membrane is adjacent to connective tissue

A

lamina densa

49
Q

These are dense plaques that attach the epithelium to the basement membrane

A

hemidesmosomes

50
Q

What causes stippling

A

fusion of the rete pegs where the connective tissue suppose is lost in thick gingiva (the rete peg is the epithelial projection)

AU14 Periodontology (29 decks)

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