Final Lecture 7 Flashcards

1
Q

When do sheep go into puberty?

Goats?

A

Sheep- 5-7 months

Goats- 5-7 months *pygmys as early as 2-3 months

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2
Q

How much mature body weight do you need to breed goats and sheep

A

60-70% mature body weight

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3
Q

Length of cycle in sheep?

Goats?

A

Sheep- 17 days

Goats- 21 days

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4
Q

Duration of estrus in sheep?

Goats?

A

Sheep- 24 to 36 hours

Goats- 12 to 36 hours

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5
Q

When do sheep ovulation? Goats?

A

Sheep: 24-30 hours from onset of estrus
Goats: 30-36 hours from onset of estrus

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6
Q

What type of breeders are sheep and goats

A

Short day breeders

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7
Q

What manipulations do you do to the estrus cycle

A

Induction of estrus during transition/anovulatory season
Synchronization of estrus
Increase prolificacy (twins)

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8
Q

How many pregnancies is your goal with small ruminants

A

3 pregnancies in 2 years

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9
Q

How can you induce estrus during anovulatory season

A

Progesterone impregnated vaginal devices
Ram effect
Melatonin
Manipulate length of daylight

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10
Q

Describe protocol for using vaginal P4 devices in sheep

A

Day 0: Insert CIDR
Day 14: remove CIDR and give eCG injection
Day 17 (55 hours later): AI or mating

**or can do AI/mating once on day 16 (50 hours later) and once on day 17 (60 hours later)

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11
Q

What should you give after removing the P4 device

A

ECG injection to stimulate follicle growth and ovulation

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12
Q

Describe use of P4 vaginal devices in goats

A

Day 0: CIDR insertion
Day 9: prostaglandin and eCG injections
Day 11: CIDR removal
Day 13 (44 hours later): AI or mating

**or can do ai/mating on day 11 (30 hours later) and day 13 (48 hours later)

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13
Q

How does melatonin work in sheep

A

Advances breeding season by 4 weeks

Mimics darkness

Can implant or put in feed

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14
Q

How does light control protocol work

A

Too labor intensive to work- not practical

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15
Q

How can you synchronize estrus

A

Progesterone vaginal devices (mimics corpus luteum)
Prostaglandin (tightens estrus)
ECG (enhance prolificacy)

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16
Q

Describe cervical rings in the ewe

A

7 tortuous rings

17
Q

Describe cervical rings in the doe

A

5 aligned rings

18
Q

How many days should rams and ewes be together for natural breeding?
What should the ratio be?

A

27 days together

3-5/100

19
Q

How many days should bucks and does be together for natural breeding?
What should the ratio be?

A

32 days together

3/100

20
Q

Where can you deposit sperm in AI

A

Vaginal
Cervical
Trans-cervical
Laparoscopic

21
Q

How do you diagnose pregnancy in sheep and goats

A

No return to estrus (doe- 21 days; sheep- 17 days)

Progesterone more than 1 ng/mL

**both are indirect tests

22
Q

What does the doe use for P4?

Ewe?

A

CL throughout pregnancy

CL until day 50 then shifts to placenta

23
Q

When can you diagnose pregnancy via US

A

Transrectally: day 17-60
Transabdominally: day 26- term

24
Q

When can you diagnose pregnancy through radiography

A

Best more than day 90 but could be possible after day 58

25
When can you diagnose pregnancy through ballottement
Day 100
26
What biomarkers can you use to diagnose pregnancy and when
BioPRYN (preg B specific protein)- more than 30 days Estrone sulfate (urine/serum)- more than 50 days Placental lactogene- more than 60 days
27
What is gestation length of ewes? | How long is she dependent on CL?
148 days 55-60 days
28
How can you induce ewes and when will parturition occur after you induce
Give glucocorticoids at day 142 or more Give dexamethasone Parturition occurs 36-48 hours later
29
Gestation length of does? How long is she dependent on CL?
150 days Throughout whole pregnancy- so CAN give PGF2alpha to induce pregnancy
30
How can you induce does and when will parturition occur after you induce
Glucocorticoids at day 140-143 Prostaglandins at day 144 Parturition occurs 42-72 hours later
31
Which method is most commonly used and most accurate for preg diagnosis in small ruminants
ultrasound