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Theriogenology > Final Lecture 7 > Flashcards

Final Lecture 7 Flashcards

1
Q

When do sheep go into puberty?

Goats?

A

Sheep- 5-7 months

Goats- 5-7 months *pygmys as early as 2-3 months

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2
Q

How much mature body weight do you need to breed goats and sheep

A

60-70% mature body weight

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3
Q

Length of cycle in sheep?

Goats?

A

Sheep- 17 days

Goats- 21 days

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4
Q

Duration of estrus in sheep?

Goats?

A

Sheep- 24 to 36 hours

Goats- 12 to 36 hours

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5
Q

When do sheep ovulation? Goats?

A

Sheep: 24-30 hours from onset of estrus
Goats: 30-36 hours from onset of estrus

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6
Q

What type of breeders are sheep and goats

A

Short day breeders

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7
Q

What manipulations do you do to the estrus cycle

A

Induction of estrus during transition/anovulatory season
Synchronization of estrus
Increase prolificacy (twins)

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8
Q

How many pregnancies is your goal with small ruminants

A

3 pregnancies in 2 years

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9
Q

How can you induce estrus during anovulatory season

A

Progesterone impregnated vaginal devices
Ram effect
Melatonin
Manipulate length of daylight

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10
Q

Describe protocol for using vaginal P4 devices in sheep

A

Day 0: Insert CIDR
Day 14: remove CIDR and give eCG injection
Day 17 (55 hours later): AI or mating

**or can do AI/mating once on day 16 (50 hours later) and once on day 17 (60 hours later)

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11
Q

What should you give after removing the P4 device

A

ECG injection to stimulate follicle growth and ovulation

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12
Q

Describe use of P4 vaginal devices in goats

A

Day 0: CIDR insertion
Day 9: prostaglandin and eCG injections
Day 11: CIDR removal
Day 13 (44 hours later): AI or mating

**or can do ai/mating on day 11 (30 hours later) and day 13 (48 hours later)

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13
Q

How does melatonin work in sheep

A

Advances breeding season by 4 weeks

Mimics darkness

Can implant or put in feed

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14
Q

How does light control protocol work

A

Too labor intensive to work- not practical

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15
Q

How can you synchronize estrus

A

Progesterone vaginal devices (mimics corpus luteum)
Prostaglandin (tightens estrus)
ECG (enhance prolificacy)

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16
Q

Describe cervical rings in the ewe

A

7 tortuous rings

17
Q

Describe cervical rings in the doe

A

5 aligned rings

18
Q

How many days should rams and ewes be together for natural breeding?
What should the ratio be?

A

27 days together

3-5/100

19
Q

How many days should bucks and does be together for natural breeding?
What should the ratio be?

A

32 days together

3/100

20
Q

Where can you deposit sperm in AI

A

Vaginal
Cervical
Trans-cervical
Laparoscopic

21
Q

How do you diagnose pregnancy in sheep and goats

A

No return to estrus (doe- 21 days; sheep- 17 days)

Progesterone more than 1 ng/mL

**both are indirect tests

22
Q

What does the doe use for P4?

Ewe?

A

CL throughout pregnancy

CL until day 50 then shifts to placenta

23
Q

When can you diagnose pregnancy via US

A

Transrectally: day 17-60
Transabdominally: day 26- term

24
Q

When can you diagnose pregnancy through radiography

A

Best more than day 90 but could be possible after day 58

25
Q

When can you diagnose pregnancy through ballottement

A

Day 100

26
Q

What biomarkers can you use to diagnose pregnancy and when

A

BioPRYN (preg B specific protein)- more than 30 days

Estrone sulfate (urine/serum)- more than 50 days

Placental lactogene- more than 60 days

27
Q

What is gestation length of ewes?

How long is she dependent on CL?

A

148 days

55-60 days

28
Q

How can you induce ewes and when will parturition occur after you induce

A

Give glucocorticoids at day 142 or more
Give dexamethasone
Parturition occurs 36-48 hours later

29
Q

Gestation length of does? How long is she dependent on CL?

A

150 days

Throughout whole pregnancy- so CAN give PGF2alpha to induce pregnancy

30
Q

How can you induce does and when will parturition occur after you induce

A

Glucocorticoids at day 140-143
Prostaglandins at day 144

Parturition occurs 42-72 hours later

31
Q

Which method is most commonly used and most accurate for preg diagnosis in small ruminants

A

ultrasound

Theriogenology (19 decks)

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