Final Exam Modules 7 & 8 Flashcards

1
Q

The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and blood in the lung is called:

a. breathing.
b. cellular respiration.
c. internal respiration.
d. external respiration.

A

d. external respiration

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2
Q

The auditory, or eustachian, tubes connect the:

a. middle ear with the oropharynx.
b. middle ear with the nasopharynx.
c. inner ear with the nasopharynx.
d. inner ear with the oropharynx.

A

b. middle ear with the nasopharynx

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3
Q

The function of the surfactant in the lung is to help:

a. increase the surface tension of water in the
b. reduce the surface tension of water in the alveoli.
c. trap bacteria and dust.
d. move bacteria and dust toward the pharynx.

A

b. reduce the surface tension of water in the alveoli

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4
Q

Which of the following statements is correct?

a. The apex of the lung rests against mediastinum.
b. The lungs are covered by the visceral pleura.
c. The right lung has two lobes; the left lung has three lobes.
d. The apex of the lung rests against the diaphragm.

A

b. The lungs are covered by the visceral pleura

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5
Q

The partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the blood returning to the lungs from the body is about:

a. 66 mm Hg.
b. 56 mm Hg.
c. 46 mm Hg.
d. 26 mm Hg.

A

c. 46 mm Hg

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6
Q

Carbon dioxide in the tissue cells:

a. is actively transported to the blood.
b. converts hemoglobin to carbaminohemoglobin and is carried as bicarbonate ions in the blood.
c. converts hemoglobin to carbaminohemoglobin.
d. is carried as bicarbonate ions in the blood.

A

b. converts hemoglobin to carbaminohemoglobin and is carried as bicarbonate ions in the blood

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7
Q

The thyroid cartilage (Adam’s apple) is part of the:

a. nasopharynx.
b. oropharynx.
c. larynx.
d. trachea.

A

c. larynx

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8
Q

Conchae are shelflike structures found in the:

a. ethmoid sinus.
b. frontal sinus.
c. laryngopharynx.
d. nasal cavities.

A

d. nasal cavities

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9
Q

The respiratory mucosa helps protect the respiratory system by:

a. moving contaminated mucus toward the pharynx.
b. having ciliated epithelium beat in only one direction.
c. trapping bacteria, moving contaminated mucus towards the pharynx, and having ciliated epithelium beat in only one direction.
d. trapping bacteria.

A

c. trapping bacteria, moving contaminated mucus towards the pharynx, and having ciliated epithelium beat in only one direction

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10
Q

The respiratory membrane:

a. lines most of the air distribution tubes and is another term for the respiratory mucosa.
b. lines the alveoli.
c. is another term for the respiratory mucosa.
d. lines most of the air distribution tubes.

A

a. lines most of the air distribution tubes and is another term for the respiratory mucosa

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11
Q

Another term for pulmonary ventilation is:

a. breathing.
b. cellular respiration.
c. internal respiration.
d. external respiration.

A

a. breathing

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12
Q
Which of the following tubes enters or exits the pharynx?
a. 
Auditory tubes
b. 
Esophagus
c. 
Larynx, esophagus, and auditory tubes
d. 
Larynx
A

c.

Larynx, esophagus, and auditory tubes

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13
Q

These tonsils are not in the pharynx:

a. palatine.
b. adenoids.
c. pharyngeal.
d. lingual.

A

d. lingual

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14
Q

The main water-holding force in the blood capillaries is:

a. sodium in the blood plasma.
b. chloride in the blood plasma.
c. protein in the blood plasma.
d. capillary blood pressure.

A

c. protein in the blood plasma

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15
Q

The most common positive ion in intracellular fluid is:

a. sodium.
b. calcium.
c. magnesium.
d. potassium.

A

d. potassium

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16
Q

An increase in capillary blood pressure would tend to:

a. increases plasma volume and decreases interstitial fluid volume.
b. decrease interstitial fluid volume.
c. increase interstitial fluid volume.
d. increase plasma volume.

A

c. increase interstitial fluid volume

17
Q

Retention of electrolytes (especially sodium) in the interstitial fluid can result from:

a. increased aldosterone secretion.
b. decreased aldosterone secretion.
c. decreased ADH secretion.
d. increased ADH secretion.

A

a. increased aldosterone secretion

18
Q

When dehydration begins to occur:

a. the body reduces fluid output to zero.
b. the salivary secretions decrease.
c. the salivary secretions increase.
d. the body increases the release of ANH.

A

b. the salivary secretions decrease

19
Q

Which electrolyte is important in the formation of the thyroid hormones?

a. Iodine
b. Chloride
c. Iron
d. Sodium

A

a. Iodine

20
Q

The chief mechanism for maintaining fluid balance is to:

a. adjust fluid output so it equals fluid input.
b. adjust fluid intake so it equals fluid output.
c. adjust fluid intake so it is slightly below fluid output.
d. adjust fluid intake so it is slightly above fluid output.

A

a. adjust fluid output so it equals fluid input

21
Q

Electrolytes:

a. dissociate in water solutions and form ions in water solutions.
b. dissociate in water solutions.
c. form ions in water solutions.
d. form when glucose is added to water.

A

a. dissociate in water solutions and form ions in water solutions

22
Q

The largest volume of water in the body is:

a. interstitial fluid.
b. the fluid inside the cells.
c. lymph.
d. plasma.

A

b. the fluid inside the cells

23
Q

The hormone that increases the amount of water in the body is:

a. ANH.
b. aldosterone.
c. ADH and aldosterone.
d. ADH.

A

c. ADH and aldosterone

24
Q

Aldosterone:

a. increases sodium reabsorption by the kidney.
b. increases water reabsorption.
c. increases the water volume in extracellular fluid.
d. increases sodium reabsorption by the kidney, water reabsorption, and water volume in extracellular fluid.

A

d. increases sodium reabsorption by the kidney, water reabsorption, and water volume in extracellular fluid

25
Q

Which electrolyte is important in hemoglobin production?

a. Iron
b. Chloride
c. Sodium
d. Iodine

A

a. Iron