Chapter 10: Senses

Question 1

What are Photoreceptors?

Answer 1

Receptors that are sensitive to change in intensity or color of light, as in vision

Question 2

What are Chemoreceptors?

Answer 2

Receptors that are sensitive to presence of certain chemicals, as in taste or smell

Question 3

What are Pain receptors?

Answer 3

Receptors that are sensitive to physical injury

Question 4

What are Thermoreceptors?

Answer 4

Receptors that are sensitive to changes in temperature

Question 5

What are Mechanoreceptors?

Answer 5

Receptors that are sensitive to mechanical stimuli that change their position or shape

Question 6

The ability to distinguish one touch stimulus from two is called ____ ____ .

Answer 6

two-point discrimination

Question 7

What are proprioceptors?

Answer 7

General sensory receptors found near the point of junction between tendons and muscles and others found deep within skeletal muscle tissue.

Question 8

Name the 3 layers of the eyeball.

Answer 8

1) Fibrous Layer 2) Vascular Layer 3) Inner Layer

Question 9

A mucous membrane known as the ____ lines the eyelids and covers the fibrous layer in front.

Answer 9

conjunctiva

Question 10

Most of the vascular layer is made up of the ____, which contains a large amount of the dark pigment melanin

Answer 10

choroid

Question 11

The lens of the eye is held in place by a ligament attached to an involuntary muscle called the ___ ___.

Answer 11

ciliary muscle

Question 12

The term for “oldsightedness.”

Answer 12

Presbyopia

Question 13

___ are the receptors for night vision and ____ are the receptors for daytime vision.

Answer 13

rods, cones

Question 14

____ ____ is the name of the watery fluid in front of the lens (in the anterior chamber of the eye), and ____ ____ is the name of the jellylike fluid behind the lens (in the posterior chamber)

Answer 14

Aqueous humor, Vitreous Humor

Question 15

The innermost layer of the retina contains the rods and cones, which are the ___ ___ of the eye.

Answer 15

photoreceptor cells

Question 16

____ occurs as light passes through the cornea, the aqueous humor, the lens, and the vitreous humor on its way to the retina.

Answer 16

Refraction

Question 17

What is the function of melanin in the choroid?

Answer 17

Melanin helps prevent the scattering of incoming light rays, which could make it hard for the eye to focus an image.

Question 18

What is the function of the ganglion cells of the retina?

Answer 18

Information from ganglion cells helps the body determine whether it is day or night, as well as the level of moonlight (monthly phases).

Question 19

The external ear is made up of these 3 areas:

Answer 19

1) Auricle or Pinna 2) External Acoustic Canal 3) Tympanic Membrane or Eardrum

Question 20

Another word for eardrum:

Answer 20

Tympanic membrane

Question 21

What is the auditory tube and what is its function?

Answer 21

A tube that connects the throat with the middle ear. The function of a healthy auditory tube is to equalize air pressure between the middle ear and the outside environment.

Question 22

The bony labyrinth is located in the ____ ear.

Answer 22

Inner

Question 23

Bony labyrinth is filled with ____.

Answer 23

perilymph (the fluid between the membranous labyrinth of the ear and the bone that encloses it)

Question 24

Membranous labyrinth filled with ____.

Answer 24

endolymph (the fluid contained in the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear).

Question 25

Within the vestibule are two structures, each made up of a patch of sensory hairs coated with a thick glob of heavy gel. Each of these structures is called a ____.

Answer 25

macula

Question 26

How do the ossicles work in helping a person to hear?

Answer 26

When sound waves cause the eardrum to vibrate, that movement is transmitted and amplified by the ear ossicles as it passes through the middle ear.

Question 27

Where are the receptor cells for hearing located?

Answer 27

This action is passed onto the cochlea, which is a fluid-filled snail-like structure that contains the receptor organ for hearing.

Question 28

Where are the receptor cells for equilibrium located?

Answer 28

The mechanoreceptors for our sense of balance, or equilibrium, are located in the saclike vestibule and the three semicircular canals of the inner ear.

Question 29

Where are taste buds located?

Answer 29

papillae