Chapter 14: Lymphatic System and Immunity Flashcards
What is lymph?
Fluid in the tissue spaces that carries protein molecules and other substances back to the blood
What is biological filtration?
A process in which cells (phagocytic cells) alter the contents of the filtered fluid.
What hormone is secreted by the thymus and influences the development of T cells?
Thymosin
Where are the Palatine Tonsils located?
On each side of the throat
Where are the Pharyngeal tonsils located?
They lie near the posterior opening of the nasal cavity.
Where are the Lingual tonsils located?
Near the base of the tongue
What is innate immunity?
This type of immunity is called innate because we are born with these defenses, which do not require prior exposure to a harmful substance or threatening organism.
What are Cytokines?
Any of a number of substances, which are secreted by certain cells of the immune system and have an effect on other cells.
What is adaptive immunity?
It’s the ability to adapt to newly encountered “enemies.” It is also called specific immunity because it includes protective mechanisms that confer very specific protection against specific types of threatening microorganisms or other toxic materials.
What is an example of active immunity?
A child who develops measles acquires immunity to a subsequent infection.
What is an example of passive immunity?
A fetus receives protection from the mother through the placenta, or an infant receives protection via the mother’s milk.
How do antibodies create humoral immunity (an effect wherein antigens are prevented from harming the body)?
Antibodies use Combining Sites on its surface to attach to antigens to then act in a way as to render the antigen harmless (i.e. the antigen-antibody complex).`
What is the Complement Cascade?
It’s a part of the immune system that enhances (complements) the ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear microbes and damaged cells from an organism, promote inflammation, and attack the pathogen’s cell membrane.
What is cell-mediated immunity?
It’s the resistance to disease organisms that results from the actions of cells, chiefly sensitized T cells.
