Chapter 4: Tissues

Question 1

What is the difference between simple and stratified epithelial tissue?

Answer 1

Simple is a single layer of cells of the same shape whereas Stratified is many layers of cells.

Question 2

What is the difference between squamous and cuboidal epithelial tissue?

Answer 2

Squamous cells are flat and scalelike whereas Cuboidal cells are as tall as they are wide like a cube.

Question 3

Which main tissue type of the body is mostly matrix?

Answer 3

Connective Tissue

Question 4

What are the primary forms of connective tissue?

Answer 4

Fibrous (connective tissue proper), Bone, Cartilage, Blood, Hematopoietic tissue

Question 5

What are the structure and functions of the three main types of muscle tissue?

Answer 5

1) Skeletal muscle is characterized by having multiple nuclei per cell and many cross striations giving it a banded appearance. Skeletal muscles are attached to bones and, when contracted, produce voluntary and controlled body movements. 2) Cardiac muscle fibers have faint cross striations (as in skeletal muscle) and thicker dark bands called intercalated disks. Cardiac muscle forms the walls of the heart, and the regular but involuntary contractions of cardiac muscle produce the heartbeat. 3) Smooth muscle cells are seen as long, narrow fibers but much shorter than skeletal or striated fibers. Individual smooth muscle cells have a single nucleus, and its lack of cross striations gives it a smooth appearance. Smooth muscle helps form the walls of blood vessels and hollow organs such as the intestines and other tube-shaped structures in the body.

Question 6

What are the two main types of cells found in nervous tissue?

Answer 6

Nervous tissue consists of two kinds of cells: nerve cells, or neurons, which are the conducting units of the system, and special connecting and supporting cells called glia or neuroglia.

Question 7

What are the functions of neurons and neuroglia?

Answer 7

All neurons are characterized by a cell body and two types of processes: (1) one axon, which transmits a nerve impulse away from the cell body, and (2) one or more dendrites, which carry impulses toward the cell body. Neuroglia are supporting cells of nervous tissue.

Question 8

What are the three structural components of a neuron?

Answer 8

All neurons are characterized by a cell body and two types of processes: (1) one axon, which transmits a nerve impulse away from the cell body, and (2) one or more dendrites, which carry impulses toward the cell body.

Question 9

What are the three primary types of cartilage?

Answer 9

Hyaline cartilage, Fibrocartilage and Elastic cartilage