Final exam Flashcards
angi/o, vas/o, vascul/o
vessel
cardi/o
heart
enter/o
small intestine
esophag/o
esophagus
gastr/o
stomach
hem/o, hemat/o
blood
hepat/o
liver
oste/o
bone
ur/o, urin/o
urine
-al, -eal
pertaining to
-ectasis
expansion or dilation
-ectomy
excision (removal)
-ia
condition of
-itis
inflammation
-logy
study of
-megaly
enlargement
-stomy
creation of an opening
-tomy
incision
oligo-
few or deficient
para-
alongside of, abnormal
peri-
around
cardi/o
heart
vascul/o
vessel
-ac, -al, -ar
pertaining to
-dynia
pain
-ium
structure or tissue
-logy
study of
-rrhaphy
suture
-rrhexis
rupture
endo-
within
epi-
upon
sub-
below or under
a-, an-
without
anti-, contra-
against or opposed to
de-
from, down or not
ab-
away from
ad-
to, toward, or near
circum-, peri-
around
dia-, trans-
across or through
e-, ec-, ex-
out or away
ecto-, exo-, extra-
outside
en-, endo-, intra-
within
epi-
upon
inter-
between
meso-
middle
meta-
beyond, after, or change
para-
alongside of or abnormal
retro-
backward or behind
sub-, infra-
below or under
bi-
two or both
hemi-, semi-
half
hyper-
above or excessive
hypo-
below or deficient
macro-
large or long
micro-
small
mono-, uni-
one
oligo-
few or deficient
pan-
all
poly-, multi-
many
quadri-
four
super-, supra-
above or excessive
tri-
three
ultra-
beyond or excessive
ante-, pre-, pro-
before
brady-
slow
tachy-
fast
post-
after or behind
re-
again or back
con-, syn-, sym-
together or with
dys-
painful, difficult, or faulty
eu-
good or normal
neo-
new
-algia, -dynia
pain
-genesis
origin or production
-lysis
breaking down or dissolution
-megaly
enlargement
-oid
resembling
-penia
abnormal reduction
-rrhea
discharge
-spasm
involuntary contraction
-cele
pouching or hernia
-ectasis
expansion or dilation
-emia
blood condition
-iasis
formation or presence of
-itis
inflammation
-malacia
softening
-oma
tumor
-osis
condition or increase
-phil, -philia
attraction for
-ptosis
falling or downward displacement
-rrhage, -rrhagia
to burst forth (usually blood)
-rrhexis
rupture
-centesis
puncture for aspiration
-desis
binding
-ectomy
excision
-pexy
suspension or fixation
-plasty
surgical repair or reconstruction
-rrhaphy
suture
-tomy
incision
-stomy
creation of an opening
-ation
process
-e
general indicator that a word is a person, place or thing
-ia, -ism
condition of
-y
condition or process of
-ium
structure or tissue
-ac, -al, -ar, -ary, -eal, -ic, -ous, -tic
pertaining to
-icle, -ole, -ula, -ule
small
-gram
record
-graph
instrument for recording
-graphy
process of recording
-iatrics, -iatry
treatment
-logy
study
-logist
one who specializes in the study or treatment of
-ist
one who specializes
-meter
instrument for measuring
-poiesis
formation
-scope
instrument for examination
-scopy
process of examination
-stasis
stop or stand
cyan/o
blue
erythr/o
red
leuk/o
white
melan/o
black
aer/o
air, gas
hem/o, hemat/o
blood
hydr/o
water
lip/o
fat
py/o
pus
ur/o, urin/o
urine
abdomin/o, lapar/o
abdomen
acr/o
extremity or topmost
aden/o
gland
angi/o, vas/o, vascul/o
vessel
arthr/o
joint
cardi/o
heart
cephal/o
head
col/o, colon/o
colon
cyt/o
cell
derm/o, dermat/o, cutane/o
skin
enter/o
small intestine
esophag/o
esophagus
gastr/o
stomach
hepat/o
liver
hist/o
tissue
my/o, muscul/o
muscle
nas/o, rhin/o
nose
nephr/o, ren/o
kidney
neur/o
nerve
or/o
mouth
oste/o
bone
pneum/o, pneumon/o
air or lung
carcin/o
cancer
crin/o
to secrete
esthesi/o
sensation
fibr/o
fiber
gen/o
origin or production
gynec/o
woman
lith/o
stone
morph/o
form
necr/o
death
onc/o
tumor or mass
orth/o
straight, normal, or correct
path/o
disease
ped/o
child or foot
phag/o
eat or swallow
phas/o
speech
phob/o
exaggerated fear or sensitivity
plas/o
formation
psych/o
mind
scler/o
hard
son/o
sound
sten/o
narrow
therm/o
heat
tox/o, toxic/o
poison
troph/o
nourishment or development
ā
before
A
assessment
a.c.
before meals
AD
right ear (don't use)
ad lib.
as desired
a.m.
before noon
amt
amount
aq
water
AS
left ear (dont use)
AU
both ears (don't use)
A&W
alive and well
(B)
bilateral
b.i.d.
twice a day
BP
blood pressure
BRP
bathroom privileges
C
celsius
-c-
with a line over it
with
cap
capsule
CAT
computed axial tomography
CBC
complete blood count
CC
chief complaint
cc
cubic centimeter (don't use)
CCU
coronary (cardiac) care unit
cm
centimeter
c/o
complains of
CP
chest pain
CT
computed tomography
cu mm
cubic millimeter
d
day
DC or D/C
discharge; discontinue
don’t use
dr
dram
Dx
diagnosis
ECU
emergency care unit
ER
emergency room
ETOH
ethyl alcohol
F
Fahrenheit
FH
family history
fl oz
fluid ounce
g or gm
gram
gr
grain
gt
drop
gtt
drops
h
hour
HEENT
head, eyes, ears, nose, and throat
H&P
history and physical
HPI
history of present illness
h.s.
hour of sleep (bedtime)
Ht
height
Hx
history
ICU
intensive care unit
ID
intradermal
IM
intramuscular
IMP
impression
IP
inpatient
IV
intravenous
JCAHO
Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations
kg
kilogram
L
liter
(L)
left
lb
pound
L&W
living and well
(m)
murmur
mg
milligram
mL or ml
milliliter
mm
millimeter
MRA
magnetic resonance angiography
MRI
magnetic resonance imaging
NAD
no acute distress
NKA
no known allergies
NKDA
no known drug allergies
noc.
night
NPO
nothing by mouth
O
objective information
OD
right eye (don't use)
OH
occupational history
OP
outpatient
OR
operating room
OS
left eye (don't use)
OU
both eyes (don't use)
oz
ounce
P
plan; pulse
-p-
with a line over it
after
PACU
postanesthetic care unit
p.c.
after meals
PE
physical examination
per
by or through
PERRLA
pupils equal, round, and reactive to light and accommodation
PH
past history
PI
present illness
p.m.
after noon
PMH
past medical history
p.o.
by mouth
post-op, postop
postoperative (after surgery)
PR
through rectum
pre-op, preop
preoperative (before surgery)
p.r.n.
as needed
pt
patient
PV
through vagina
Px
physical
q
every
q.d.
everyday
don’t use
qh
every hour
q2h
every two hours
q.i.d.
four times a day
q.o.d.
every other day
dont use
qt
quart
R
respiration
(R)
right
R/O
rule out
ROS
review of systems
RRR
regular rate and rhythm
RTC
return to clinic
RTO
return to office
Rx
recipe; prescription
S
subjective information
-s-
with a line over it
without
SC, SQ, or sub-Q
subcutaneous
dont use
SH
social history
Sig.
label; instructions to patient
SOB
shortness of breath
SR
systems review
-ss-
line over both
one-half
dont use
STAT
immediately
suppos
suppository
Sx
symptom
T
temperature
tab
tablet
t.i.d.
three times a day
Tr
treatment
Tx
treatment; traction
UA
urinalysis
UCHD
usual childhood diseases
US or U/S
ultrasound
VS
vital signs
wa
while awake
WDWN
well-developed and well-nourished
wk
week
WNL
within normal limits
Wt
weight
x
times or for
x-ray
radiology
y/o or y.o.
year old
yr
year
Ø
none or negative
circle with a line straight down
standing
circle with a line down and then bent
sitting
circle with a line straight to the side
lying
†
one
††
two
†††
three
†v
four
I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X
uppercase Roman numerals 1-10
<
less than (don't use)
>
greater than (don't use)
#
number; pound
♀
female
♂
male
°
degree; hour
↑
increased
↓
decreased
adip/o, lip/o, steat/o
fat
derm/o, dermat/o, cutane/o
skin
erythr/o
red
hidr/o
sweat
hist/o, histi/o
tissue
kerat/o
hard
leuk/o
white
melan/o
black
myc/o
fungus
onych/o
nail
plas/o
formation
purpur/o
purple
scler/o
hard
seb/o
sebum (oil)
squam/o
scale
trich/o
hair
xanth/o
yellow
xer/o
dry
ankyl/o
crooked or stiff
arthr/o, articul/o
joint
brachi/o
arm
cervic/o
neck
chondr/o
cartilage
cost/o
rib
crani/o
skull
dactyl/o
digit (singer or toe)
fasci/o
fascia (a band)
femor/o
femur
fibr/o
fiber
kyph/o
humped back
lei/o
smooth
lord/o
bent
lumb/o
loin (lower back)
my/o, myos/o, muscul/o
muscle
myel/o
bone marrow or spinal cord
oste/o
bone
patell/o
knee cap
pelv/i
pelvis (basin) or hip bone
radi/o
radius
rhabd/o
rod-shaped or striated (skeletal)
sarc/o
flesh
scoli/o
twisted
spondyl/o, vertebr/o
vertebra
stern/o
sternum (breastbone)
ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o
tendon (to stretch)
thorac/o
chest
ton/o
tone or tension
uln/o
ulna
angi/o, vas/o, vascul/o
vessel
aort/o
aorta
arteri/o
artery
ather/o
fatty (lipid) paste
atri/o
atrium
cardi/o
heart
coron/o
circle or crown
my/o
muscle
pector/o, steth/o
chest
sphygm/o
pulse
thromb/o
clot
ven/o, phleb/o
vein
varic/o
swollen, twisted vein
ventricul/o
ventricle (belly or pouch)
blast/o
germ or bud
chrom/o, chromat/o
color
chyl/o
juice
cyt/o
cell
hem/o, hemat/o
blood
immun/o
safe
lymph/o
clear fluid
morph/o
form
myel/o
bone marrow or spinal cord
phag/o
eat or swallow
plas/o
formation
reticul/o
a net
splen/o
spleen
thromb/o
clot
thym/o
thymus gland
alveol/o
alveolus (air sac)
bronch/o, bronchi/o
bronchus (airway)
bronchiol/o
bronchiole (little airway)
capn/o, carb/o
carbon dioxide
laryng/o
larynx (voice box)
lob/o
lobe (a portion)
nas/o, rhin/o
nose
or/o
mouth
ox/o
oxygen
palat/o
palate
pharyng/o
pharynx
phren/o
diaphragm
pleur/o
pleura
pneum/o, pneumon/o
air or lung
pulmon/o
lung
sinus/o
sinus
spir/o
breathing
-pnea
breathing
thorac/o, pector/o, steth/o
chest
tonsill/o
tonsil
trache/o
trachea
uvul/o
uvula
cerebr/o
cerebrum
cerebell/o
cerebellum
crani/o
cranium
encephal/o
entire brain
esthesi/o
sensation
gangli/o
ganglion
gli/o
glue
gnos/o
knowing
kinesi/o
movement
lex/o
word or phrase
mening/o, meningi/o
meninges
myel/o
spinal cord or bone marrow
narc/o
stupor or sleep
neur/o
nerve
phas/o
speech
phob/o
exaggerated fear or sensitivity
phor/o
carry or bear
phren/o, psych/o, thym/o
mind
schiz/o
split
somat/o
body
somn/o, somn/i, hypn/o
sleep
spin/o
spine
spondyl/o, vertebr/o
vertebra
stere/o
three-dimensional or solid
tax/o
order or coordination
thalam/o
thalamus
ton/o
tone or tension
top/o
place
ventricul/o
ventricle
cata-
down
-asthenia
weakness
-lepsy
seizure
-mania
condition of abnormal impulse toward
-paresis
slight paralysis
-plegia
paralysis
aden/o
gland
adren/o, adrenal/o
adrenal gland
andr/o
male
crin/o
to secrete
dips/o
thirst
gluc/o, glucos/o, glyc/o
glucose
hormon/o
hormone
ket/o, keton/o
ketone bodies
pancreat/o
pancreas
thym/o
thymus gland
thyr/o, thyroid/o
thyroid gland
aque/o
water
blephar/o
eyelid
conjunctiv/o
conjunctiva
corne/o, kerat/o
cornea
cycl/o
circle, ciliary body
ir/o, irid/o
colored circle, iris
lacrim/o, dacry/o
tear
ocul/o, ophthalm/o, opt/o
eye
phac/o, phak/o
lens
phot/o
light
presby/o
old age
retin/o
retina
scler/o
hard or sclera
vitre/o
glassy
-opia
condition of vision
acous/o, audi/o
hearing
aer/o
air or gas
aur/i, ot/o
ear
cerumin/o
wax
salping/o
eustachian tube or uterine tube
tympan/o, myring/o
eardrum
-acusis
hearing condition
abdomin/o, celi/o, lapar/o
abdomen
an/o
anus
appendic/o
appendix
bil/i, chol/e
bile
bucc/o
cheek
cheil/o
lip
col/o, colon/o
colon
cyst/o
baldder or sac
dent/i
teeth
doch/o
duct
duoden/o
duodenum
enter/o
small intestine
gastr/o
stomach
gingiv/o
gum
gloss/o, lingu/o
tongue
hepat/o, hepatic/o
liver
herni/o
hernia
ile/o
ileum
inguin/o
groin
jejun/o
jejunum
lith/o
stone
or/o, stomat/o
mouth
pancreat/o
pancreas
peritone/o
peritoneum
phag/o
eat or shallow
proct/o
anus and rectum
pylor/o
pylorus
rect/o
rectum
sial/o
saliva
sigmoid/o
sigmoid colon
steat/o
fat
-emesis
vomiting
albumin/o
protein
bacteri/o
bacteria
cyst/o, vesic/o
bladder or sac
dips/o
thirst
glomerul/o
glomerulus
gluc/o, glucos/o, glyc/o
glucose
ket/o, keton/o
ketone bodies
lith/o
stone
meat/o
meatus
nephr/o, ren/o
kidney
pyel/o
renal pelvis
py/o
pus
ureter/o
ureter
urethr/o
urethra
ur/o, urin/o
urine
balan/o
glans penis
epididym/o
epididymis
orch/o, orchi/o, orchid/o, test/o
testis or testicle
perine/o
perineum
prostat/o
prostate
sperm/o, spermat/o
sperm
vas/o
vessel
cervic/o
neck or cervix
colp/o, vagin/o
vagina
episi/o, vulv/o
vulva
gynec/o
woman
hyster/o, metr/o, uter/o
uterus
lact/o
milk
mast/o, mamm/o
breast
men/o
menstruation
obstetr/o
midwife
oophor/o, ovari/o
ovary
ov/i, ov/o
egg
pelv/i
pelvis; hip bone
salping/o
uterine tube; also eustachian tube
toc/o
labor or birth
-arche
beginning
