Chapter 12 Flashcards
1
Q
abdomin/o, celi/o, lapar/o
A
abdomen
2
Q
an/o
A
anus
3
Q
appendic/o
A
appendix
4
Q
bil/i, chol/e
A
bile
5
Q
bucc/o
A
cheek
6
Q
cheil/o
A
lip
7
Q
col/o, colon/o
A
colon
8
Q
cyst/o
A
bladder or sac
9
Q
dent/i
A
teeth
10
Q
doch/o
A
duct
11
Q
duoden/o
A
duodenum
12
Q
enter/o
A
small intestine
13
Q
esophag/o
A
esophagus
14
Q
gastr/o
A
stomach
15
Q
gingiv/o
A
gum
16
Q
gloss/o, lingu/o
A
tongue
17
Q
hepat/o, hepatic/o
A
liver
18
Q
herni/o
A
hernia
19
Q
ile/o
A
ileum
20
Q
inguin/o
A
grion
21
Q
jejun/o
A
jejunum (empty)
22
Q
lith/o
A
stone
23
Q
or/o, stomat/o
A
mouth
24
Q
pancreat/o
A
pancreas
25
peritone/o
peritoneum
26
phag/o
eat or swallow
27
proct/o
anus ad rectum
28
pylor/o
pylorus (gatekeeper)
29
rect/o
rectum
30
sial/o
saliva
31
sigmoid/o
sigmoid colon (resembles)
32
steat/o
fat
33
~emesis
vomiting
34
cavity that receives food for digestion
oral cavity, mouth
35
three pairs of exocrine glands in the mouth that secrete saliva: the parotid, the submandibular, and the sublingual glands
salivary glands
36
lateral walls of the mouth
cheeks
37
fleshy structures surrounding the mouth
lips
38
structure that forms the roof of the mouth
palate
39
small projection hanging from the back middle edge of the soft palate
uvula
40
muscular structure of the floor of the mouth covered by mucus membrane and secreted by a band-like membrane known as the frenulum
tongue
41
tissue covering the process of the jaws
gums
42
hard bony projections in the jaws for masticating food
teeth
43
throat
pharynx
44
muscular tube that moves from the pharynx to the stomach
esophagus
45
sac-like organ that chemically mixes and prepares food received from the esophagus
stomach
46
opening from the esophagus to the stomach
cardiac sphincter
47
opening from the stomach into the duodenum
pyloric sphincter
48
smaller tubular structure that digests food received from the stomach
small intestine
49
first portion of the small intestine
duodenum
50
second portion of the small intestine
jejunum
51
third portion of the small intestine
ileum
52
larger tubular structure that recieves the liquid waste products of digestion, reabsorbs water and minerals, and forms and stores feces for deification
large intestine
53
first part of the large intestine
cecum
54
worm-like projections of lymphatic tissue hanging off the cecum with no digestive function
vermiform appendix
55
portions of the large intestine extending from the cecum to the rectum
colon
56
portion of the colon that extends upward from cecum
ascending colon
57
portion of the colon that extends across from the ascending cecum
transverse colon
58
portion of the colon that extends downward from the transverse colon
descending colon
59
portion of the colon that terminates at the rectum
sigmoid colon
60
distal portion of the large intestine
rectum
61
dilated portion of the rectum just above the anal canal
rectal ampulla
62
opening of the rectum to the outside of the body
anus
63
waste formed by the absorption of water in the large intestine
feces
64
evacuation of feces from the rectum
deification
65
membrane surrounding the entire abdominal cavity and consisting of the parietal layer and the visceral layer
peritoneum
66
space between the parietal and visceral peritoneum
peritoneal cavity
67
an extension of the peritoneum attached to the stomach and connecting it with the other abdominal organs
omentum
68
organ in the upper right quadrant that produces bile, which is secreted into the duodenum during digestion
liver
69
receptacle that stores and concentrates the bile produced in the liver
gallbladder
70
gland that secretes pancreatic juice into the duodenum, where it mixes with bile to digest food
pancreas
71
ducts that convey bile
biliary ducts
72
upper lateral regions beneath the ribs
hypochondriac regions
73
upper middle region below the sternum
epigastric region
74
middle lateral region
lumbar region
75
region of the navel
umbilical region
76
lower lateral groin region
inguinal regions
77
region below the navel
hypogastric region
78
loss of appetite
anorexia
79
inability to swallow
aphagia
80
accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity
ascites
81
in the cheek
buccal
82
frequent loose or liquid stools
diarrhea
83
infrequent or incomplete bowel movement characterized by hardened, dry stool that is difficult to pass
constipation
84
indigestion
dyspepsia
85
difficulty in swallowing
dysphagia
86
belch
eructation
87
gas in the stomach or intestine
flatulence
88
bad breath
halitosis
89
vomiting blood
hematemesis
90
red blood in stool
hematochezia
91
enlargement of the liver
hepatomegaly
92
excessive level of bilirubin in the blood
hyperbilirubinemia
93
yellow discoloration of the skin, sclera, and other tissues causes by excessive bilirubin in the blood
icterus, jaundice
94
dark-colored, tarry stool caused by old blood
melena
95
feeling sick in the stomach
steatorrhea
96
under the tongue
sublingual, hypoglossal
97
tongue-tie, a defect of the tongue characterized by a short, thick frenulum
ankyloglossia
98
inflammation of the lip
cheilitis
99
swollen, twisted veins in the esophagus that are especially susceptible to ulceration and hemorrhage
esophageal veins
100
inflammation of the esophagus
esophagitis
101
inflammation of the stomach
gastritis
102
backflow of contents of the stomach into the esophagus, often resulting from abnormal function of the lower esophageal sphincter, causing burning pain in the esophagus
gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
103
inflammation of the gums
gingivitis
104
inflammation of the tongue
glossitis
105
inflammation of the parotid gland
parotiditis, parotitis
106
sore on the mucous membrane of the stomach, duodenum, or any other part of the gastrointestinal system exposed to gastric juices
peptic ulcer disease (PUD)
107
ulcer located in the stomach
gastric ulcer
108
ulcer located in the duodenum
duodenal ulcer
109
narrowed condition of the pylorus
pyloric stenosis
110
inflammation of a salivary gland
sialoadenitis
111
inflammation of the mouth
stomatitis
112
an abnormal, tube-like passageway from the anus that may connect with the rectum
anal fistula
113
inflammation of the appendix
appendicitis
114
inflammation of the colon
colitis
115
chronic inflammation of the colon with ulcerations
ulcerative colitis
116
benign tissue growths on the mucous membrane lining the large intestine and rectum
colorectal polyps
117
projected on a stalk
pediculated polyp
118
lying flat on the surface
sessile polyp
119
an abnormal side pocket in the gastrointestinal tract
diverticulum
120
presence of diverticula in the gastrointestinal tract, especially the colon
diverticulosis
121
inflammation of the diverticula
diverticulitis
122
inflammation of the intestine characterized by frequent, bloody stools
dysentery
123
inflammation of the small intestine
enteritis
124
swollen, twisted vein, in the anal region
hemorrhoid
125
protrusion of a part from its normal location
hernia
126
protrusion of a part of the stomach upward through the opening in the diaphragm
hiatal hernia
127
protrusion of a loop of the intestine through layers of the abdominal wall in the inguinal region
inguinal hernia
128
hernia that is swollen and fixed within a sac, causing an obstruction
incarcerated hernia
129
hernia that is constricted, cut off from circulation, and likely to become gangrenous
strangulated hernia
130
protrusion of the intestine through a weakness in the abdominal wall around the umbilicus inflammation of the lower portion of the small intestine
ileitis
131
prolapse of one part of the intestine into the lumen of the adjoining part
intussusception
132
inflammation of the peritoneum
peritonitis
133
inflammation of the rectum and the anus
proctitis
134
twisting of the bowel on itself, causing obstruction
volvulus
135
inflammation of the bile ducts
cholangitis
136
inflammation of the gallbladder cholecystitis
cholecystitis
137
presence of stones in the common bile duct
choledocholithiasis
138
chronic disease characterized by degeneration of liver tissue
cirrhosis
139
inflammation of the liver
hepatitis
140
inflammation of the liver caused by the hepatitis A virus, usually transmitted orally through fecal contamination of food or water
hepatitis A
141
inflammation of the liver caused by the hepatitis B virus, which is transmitted sexually or by exposure to contaminated blood or body fluids
hepatitis B
142
inflammation of the liver caused by the hepatitis C virus, which is transmitted by exposure to infected blood
hepatitis C
143
inflammation of the pancreas
pancreatitis
144
isolation of a stool specimen in a culture medium to identify disease-causing organisms
stool culture and sensitivity (C&S)
145
chemical test of a stool specimen to detect the presence of blood
stool occult blood study
146
puncture of the abdomen for aspiration of fluid
abdominocentesis
147
puncture of the abdomen for aspiration of fluid in the peritoneal cavity
abdominal paracentesis
148
excision of an anal fistula
anal fistulectomy
149
union of two hollow vessels
anastomosis
150
excision of a diseased appendix
appendectomy
151
treatment of morbid obesity by surgery to the stomach and/or intestines
bariatric surgery
152
repair of the lip
cheiloplasty
153
excision of the gall bladder
cholecystectomy
154
excision of the gallbladder through a laparoscope
laparoscopic cholecystectomy
155
creation of an opening in the colon through the abdominal wall to create an abdominal anus, allowing stool to bypass a diseased portion of the colon
colostomy
156
repair of the esophagus
esophagoplasty
157
partial or complete removal of the stomach
gastrectomy
158
partial removal and repair of the stomach
gastric resection
159
formation of an artificial opening between the stomach and small intestine
gastroenterostomy
160
excision of all or part of the tongue
glossectomy
161
suture of the tongue
glossorrhaphy
162
excision of hemorrhoids
hemorrhoidectomy
163
excision of a lobe of the liver
hepatic lobectomy
164
repair of a hernia
herniorrhaphy, hernioplasty
165
surgical creation of an opening on the abdomen to which the end of the ileum is attached, providing a passageway for the ileal discharges
ileostomy
166
abdominal surgery using a laparoscope
laparoscopic surgery
167
incision into the abdomen
laparotomy
168
excision of the pancreas
pancreatectomy
169
excision of polyps
polypectomy
170
repair of the anus and rectum
proctopasty
171
oral insertion of a tube into the stomach for examination and treatment, such as to remove blood clots from the stomach or to monitor bleeding
gastric levage
172
insertion of a tube through the nose and into the stomach for various purposes, such as to obtain a gastric fluid specimen for analysis
nasogastric intubation (NG)
173
drug that neutralizes stomach acid
antacid
174
drug that prevents or stops vomiting
antiemetic
175
drug that decreases motility in the gastrointestinal tract to arrest spasm or diarrhea
antispasmodic
176
drug that causes movement of the bowels
cathartic
177
Bx
biopsy
178
C&S
culture and sensitivity
179
CT
computed tomography
180
EGD
esophagogastroduodenoscopy
181
ERCP
endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
182
EUS
endoscopic ultrasonography
183
GERD
gastroesophageal reflux disease
184
GI
gastrointestinal
185
HAV
hepatitis A virus
186
HBV
hepatitis B virus
187
HCV
hepatitis C virus
188
LLQ
left lower quadrant
189
LUQ
left upper quadrant
190
MRI
magnetic resonance imaging
191
NG
nasogastric
192
PUD
peptic ulcer disease
193
RLQ
right lower quadrant
194
RUQ
right upper quadrant
195
creation of an opening in the colon through the abdominal wall to create an abdominal anus, allowing stool to bypass a diseased portion of the colon
colostomy
196
repair of the esophagus
esophagoplasty
197
partial or complete removal of the stomach
gastrectomy
198
partial removal and repair of the stomach
gastric resection
199
formation of an artificial opening between the stomach and small intestine
gastroenterostomy
200
excision of all or part of the tongue
glossectomy
201
suture of the tongue
glossorrhaphy
202
excision of hemorrhoids
hemorrhoidectomy
203
excision of a lobe of the liver
hepatic lobectomy
204
repair of a hernia
herniorrhaphy, hernioplasty
205
surgical creation of an opening on the abdomen to which the end of the ileum is attached, providing a passageway for the ileal discharges
ileostomy
206
abdominal surgery using a laparoscope
laparoscopic surgery
207
incision into the abdomen
laparotomy
208
excision of the pancreas
pancreatectomy
209
excision of polyps
polypectomy
210
repair of the anus and rectum
proctopasty
211
oral insertion of a tube into the stomach for examination and treatment, such as to remove blood clots from the stomach or to monitor bleeding
gastric levage
212
insertion of a tube through the nose and into the stomach for various purposes, such as to obtain a gastric fluid specimen for analysis
nasogastric intubation (NG)
213
drug that neutralizes stomach acid
antacid
214
drug that prevents or stops vomiting
antiemetic
215
drug that decreases motility in the gastrointestinal tract to arrest spasm or diarrhea
antispasmodic
216
drug that causes movement of the bowels
cathartic
217
Bx
biopsy
218
C & S
culture and sensitivity
219
CT
computed tomography
220
EGD
esophagogastroduodenoscopy
221
ERCP
endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
222
EUS
endoscopic ultrasonography
223
GERD
gastroesophageal reflux disease
224
GI
gastrointestinal
225
HAV
hepatitis A virus
226
HBV
hepatitis B virus
227
HCV
hepatitis C virus
228
LLQ
left lower quadrant
229
LUQ
left upper quadrant
230
MRI
magnetic resonance imaging
231
NG
nasogastric
232
PUD
peptic ulcer disease
233
RLQ
right lower quadrant
234
RUQ
right upper quadrant
