Chapters 10&11- Eye & Ear Flashcards
1
Q
aque/o
A
water
2
Q
blephar/o
A
eyelid
3
Q
conjunctiv/o
A
conjunctiva
4
Q
corne/o
A
cornea
5
Q
kerat/o
A
cornea
6
Q
cycl/o
A
circle, ciliary body
7
Q
ir/o,
A
colored circle, iris
8
Q
irid/o
A
colored circle, iris
9
Q
lacrim/o
A
tear
10
Q
dacry/o
A
tear
11
Q
ocul/o
A
eye
12
Q
ophthalm/o
A
eye
13
Q
opt/o
A
eye
14
Q
phae/o
A
lens
15
Q
phak/o
A
lens
16
Q
phot/o
A
light
17
Q
presby/o
A
old age
18
Q
retin/o
A
retina
19
Q
scler/o
A
hard or sclera
20
Q
vitre/o
A
glassy
21
Q
~opia
A
condition of vision
22
Q
fluid filled space between the cornea and iris
A
anterior chamber
23
Q
watery liquid secreted by the ciliary process that fills the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye and provides nourishment for the cornea, iris, and lens
A
aqueous humor
24
Q
duct in the anterior chamber that carries filtered aqueous humor to the veins and bloodstream
A
canal of Schlemm
25
vascular layer beneath the sclera that provides nourishment to the outer portion of the retina
choroid
26
ring of tissue behind the peripheral iris that is composed of ciliary muscle and ciliary processes
ciliary body
27
smooth muscle portion of the ciliary body, which contracts to assist in near vision
ciliary muscle
28
epithelial tissue folds on the inner surface of the ciliary body that secrete aqueous humor
ciliary processes
29
mucous membrane that lines the eyelids and outer surface of the eyeball
conjunctiva
30
transparent, anterior part of the eyeball covering the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber that functions to refract light to focus a visual image
cornea
31
moveable, protective fold that opens and closes, covering the eye
eyelid, palpebra
32
pinpoint depression in the center of the macula lutea that is the site of sharpest vision
fovea centralis
33
interior surface of the eyeball, including the retina, optic disk, macula, and posterior pole
fundus
34
oil glands surrounding the eyelashes
glands of Zeis
35
oil glands located along the rim of the eyelids
meibomian glands
36
colored circle
iris
37
gland located in the upper outer region above the eyeball that secretes tears
lacrimal gland
38
tubes that carry tears to the lacrimal sac
lacrimal ducts
39
structure that collects tears before emptying into the nasolacrimal duct
lacrimal sac
40
transparent structure behind the pupil that bends and focuses light rays in the retina
lens
41
capsule that encloses the lens
lens capsule
42
central region of the retina
macula lutea, macula
43
passageway for tears from the lacrimal sac into the nose
nasolacrimal duct
44
exit site of the retinal nerve fibers as well as entrance point for retinal arteries and exit point for retinal veins
optic disk
45
nerve responsible for carrying impulses for the sense of sight from the retina to the brain
optic nerve
46
space between the back of the iris and the front of the vitreous chamber
posterior chamber
47
black, circular opening in the center of the iris through which light passes as it enters the eye
pupil
48
innermost layer that perceives and transmits light to the optic nerve
retina
49
cone-shaped cells within that are color sensitive and respond to bright light
cones
50
rod-shaped cells within the retina that respond to dim light
rods
51
tough, fibrous, white outer coat extending from the cornea to the optic nerve
sclera
52
mesh-like structure in the anterior chambers that filters the aqueous humor as it flows into the canal of Schlemm
trabecular meshwork
53
jelly-like mass filling the inner chamber between the lens and retina that gives bulk to the eye
vitreous
54
eyestrain
asthenopia
55
involuntary contraction of the muscles surrounding the eye causing the uncontrolled blinking and lid squeezing
blepharospasm
56
double vision
diplopia
57
abnormal protrusion of one or both eyeballs
exophthalmos
58
secretion of tears
lacrimation
59
involuntary, rapid, oscillating movement of the eyeball
nystagmus
60
blind spot in vision
scotoma
61
defects in the bending of light as it enters the eye, causing an improper focus on the retina
refractive errors
62
distorted vision caused by an oblong or cylindrical curvature of the lens or cornea that prevents light rays from coming to a single focus on the retina
astigmatism
63
farsightedness
hyperopia
64
nearsightedness
myopia
65
impaired vision caused by old age or loss of accommodation
presbyopia
66
ability of the eye to adjust focus on near objects
accommodation
67
decreased vision in early life because of a functional defect that can occur as a result of strabismus, refractive errors, or trauma
amblyopia
68
absence of the lens, usually after cataract extraction
aphakia
69
inflammation of the eyelid
blepharitis
70
baggy eyelid
blepharochalasis, dermatochalasis
71
drooping of the eyelid
blepharoptosis, ptosis
72
chronic nodular inflammation of a meibomian gland, usually the result of a bloked duct
chalazion
73
opaque clouding of the lens causing decreased vision
cataract
74
pinkeye
conjunctivitis
75
inflammation of the lacrimal gland
dacryoadenitis
76
inflammation of the tear sac
dacryocystitis
77
disease of the retina in diabetics characterized by capillary leakage, bleeding, and new vessel formation leading to scarring and loss of vision
diabetic retinopathy
78
outward turning of the rim of the eyelid
ectropion
79
inward turning of the rim of the eyelid
entropion
80
abnormal overflow of tears caused by blockage of the lacrimal duct
epiphora
81
group of diseases of the eye characterized by increased intraocular pressure that results in damage to the optic nerve, producing defects in vision
glaucoma
82
sty
hordeolum
83
inflammation of the iris
iritis
84
inflammation of the cornea
keratitis
85
breakdown or thinking of the tissues in the macula, resulting in partial or complete loss of central vision
macular degeneration
86
an eye in which the natural lens is replaced with an artificial lens implant
pseudophakia
87
fibrous, wing-shaped growth of conjunctival tissue that extends onto the cornea, developing most commonly from prolonged exposure to ultraviolet light
pterygium
88
separation of the retina from the unterlying epithelium, disrupting vision and resulting in blindness if not repaired surgically
retinal detachment
89
inflammation of the retina
retinitis
90
a condition of the eye misalignment caused by intraocular muscle imbalance
strabismus, heterotropia
91
right or left eye deviates inward, toward nose
esotropia
92
right of left eye deviates outward, away from nose
exotropia
93
inflammation of the sclera
scleritis
94
misdirected eyelashes that rub on the conjunctiva or cornea
trichiasis
95
small, plastic, curved disk with optical corrective that fits over the cornea
contact lens
96
introduction of a medicated solution in the eye usually administered by a drop or drops in the affected area or eyes
eye instillation
97
washing of the eye with water or other fluids
eye irrigation
98
antimicrobial agent in solution
antibiotic ophthalmic solution
99
agent that paralyzes the ciliary muscle and the powers of accommodation
cycloplegic
100
agent that causes dilation of the pupil
mydriatic
101
agent that causes the pupil to contract
miotic
102
IOL
intraocular lens
103
LASIK
laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis
104
acous/o
hearing
105
audi/o
hearing
106
aer/o
air or gas
107
aur/i
ear
108
ot/o
ear
109
cerumin/o
wax
110
salping/o
eustachian tube or uterine tube
111
typman/o
eardrum
112
myring/o
eardrum
113
~acusis
hearing condition
114
outer structures of the ear that collect sound
external ear
115
auricle; projected part of the external ear
pinna
116
external passages for sounds collected from the pinna to the tympanum
external auditory meatus or canal
117
a waxy substance secreted by glands located throughout the external canal
cerumen
118
structures in the middle of the ear that vibrate sound from the tympanic membrane to the inner ear
middle ear
119
eardrum; drum-like structure that receives sound collected in the external auditory canal and amplifies it through the middle ear
tympanic membrane (TM)
120
hammer; first of the three auditory ossicles of the middle ear
malleus
121
anvil; middle of the three auditory ossicles of the middle ear
incus
122
stirrup; last of the three auditory ossicles of the middle ear
stapes
123
tube connecting the middle ear to the pharynx
eustachian tube, auditory tube
124
membrane that covers the opening between the middle ear and inner ear
oval window
125
intricate, fluid-filled, intercommunicating bony and membranous passages that function in hearing by relaying sound waves to auditory nerve fibers on a path to the brain for interpretation
labyrinth, inner ear
126
coiled tubular structure of the inner ear that contains the organ of Corti
cochlea
127
fluid that fills the bony labyrinth of the inner ear
perilymph
128
fluid within the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear
endolymph
129
structure located in the cochlea
organ of Corti
130
middle part of the inner ear, in front of the semicircular canals and behind the cochlea, that contains the utricle and the saccule
vestibule
131
the larger of two sacs within the membranous labyrinth of the vestibule in the inner ear
utricle
132
the smaller of the two sacs within the membranous labyrinth of the vestibule in the inner ear
saccule
133
three canals within the inner ear that contain specialized receptor cells that generate nerve impulses with body movement
semicircular canals
134
earache
otalgia, otodynia
135
bleeding from the ear
otorrhagia
136
purulent drainage from the ear
otorrhea
137
a jingling; ringing or buzzing in the ear
tinnitus
138
a turning round; dizziness
vertigo
139
inflammation of the external auditory meatus
otitis externa
140
excessive buildup of wax in the ear that often reduces hearing acuity, especially in elderly persons
cerumen impaction
141
inflammation of the eardrum
myringitis, tympanitis
142
inflammation of the middle ear
otitis media
143
inflammation of the middle ear from changes in atmosphere pressure
aerotitis media
144
blockage of the eustachian tube, usually as a result of infection, as in otitis media
eustachian obstruction
145
hardening of the bony tissue in the ear
otosclerosis
146
benign tumor on the auditory nerve, causes vertigo, tinnitus and hearing loss
acoustic neuroma
147
inflammation of the labyrinth
labyrinthitis
148
disorder of the inner ear resulting from an excessive buildup of endolymphatic fluid, causing episodes of vertigo, tinnitus, nausea, vomiting, and hearing loss
Meiniere disease
149
general term for partial or complete loss of hearing
deafness
150
hearing impairment causes by interference with sound or vibratory energy in the external canal, middle ear, or ossicles
conductive hearing loss
151
hearing impairment caused by lesions or dysfunction of the cochlea or auditory nerve
sensorineural hearing loss
152
combination of sensorineural and conductive hearing loss
mixed hearing loss
153
hearing impairment in o;d age
presbyacusis, presbycusis
154
any internal or external device that improves or substitutes for natural hearing
auditory prosthesis
155
an external amplifying device designed to improve hearing by more effective collection of sound into the ear
hearing aid
156
an electronic device implanted in the cochlea that provides sound perception to patients with severe or profound sensorineural hearing loss in both ears
cochlear implant
157
irrigation of the external ear canal, often to remove excess buildup of cerumen
ear lavage
158
introduction of a medicated solution into the external canal, usually administered by drop or drops in the affected ears
ear instillation
159
a drug that inhibits the growth of or destroys microorganisms
antibiotic
160
a drug that blocks the effects of histamine
antihistamine
161
a regulatory body substance released in allergic reactions, causing swelling and inflammation of the tissues
histamine
162
a drug that reduces inflammation
antiinflammatory
163
a drug that reduces congestion and swelling of membranes such as those of the nose and eustachian tube in an infection
decongestant
164
BAEP
brainstem auditory evoked potential
165
BAER
brainstem auditory evoked response
166
ENT
ear, nose, and throat
167
PE
polyethylene
168
TM
tympanic membrane
