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Medical Terminology > Chapter 3, Skin > Flashcards

Chapter 3, Skin Flashcards

1
Q

adip/o

A

fat

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2
Q

lip/o

A

fat

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3
Q

steat/o

A

fat

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4
Q

derm/o

A

skin

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5
Q

dermat/o

A

skin

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6
Q

cutane/o

A

skin

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7
Q

erythr/o

A

red

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8
Q

hidr/o

A

sweat

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9
Q

hist/o

A

tissue

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10
Q

histi/o

A

tissue

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11
Q

kerat/o

A

hard

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12
Q

leuk/o

A

white

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13
Q

melan/o

A

black

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14
Q

myc/o

A

fungus

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15
Q

onych/o

A

nail

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16
Q

plas/o

A

formation

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17
Q

purpur/o

A

purple

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18
Q

scler/o

A

hard

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19
Q

seb/o

A

sebum (oil)

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20
Q

squam/o

A

scale

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21
Q

trich/o

A

hair

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22
Q

xanth/o

A

yellow

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23
Q

xer/o

A

dry

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24
Q

epithelium

A

cells covering external and internal surfaces of the body

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25
Q

epidermis

A

thin outer layer of the skin

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26
Q

squamous cell layer

A

flat, scale-like epithelial cells comprising the outermost epidermis

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27
Q

basal layer

A

deepest layer of epidermis

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28
Q

melanocyte

A

cell in the basal layer that gives color to the skin

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29
Q

melanin

A

dark brown to black pigment contained in melanocytes

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30
Q

dermis

A

dense, fibrous connective tissue layer of the skin, also known as corium

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31
Q

sebaceous gland

A

oil glands in the skin

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32
Q

sebum

A

oily substance secreted by the sebaceous glands

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33
Q

sudoriferous glands

A

sweat glands

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34
Q

subcutaneous layer

A

connective and adipose tissue layer just under the dermis

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35
Q

collagen

A

protein substance in skin and connective tissue

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36
Q

hair

A

outgrowth of the skin composed of keratin

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37
Q

nail

A

outgrowth of the skin composed of keratin, at the end of each finger and toe

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38
Q

keratin

A

hard protein material found in the epidermis, hair, and nails

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39
Q

lesion

A

an area of pathology altered tissue; the two types of lesions are primary and secondary

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40
Q

primary lesion

A

lesions arising from previously normal skin

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41
Q

macula or macula

A

a flat, discolored spot on the skin to 1cm across (e.g. a freckle)

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42
Q

patch

A

a flat, discolored are on the skin larger than 1 cm (e.g., vitiligo)

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43
Q

papule

A

a solid mass on the skin up to 0.5cm in diameter (e.g., a nevus [mole])

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44
Q

plaque

A

a solid mass greater than 1 cm in diameter and limited to the surface of the skin.

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45
Q

nodule

A

a solid mass greater than 1 cm that extends deeper into the epidermis

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46
Q

tumor

A

a solid mass larger than 1-2 cm

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47
Q

wheal

A

an area of localized skin edema (swelling) (e.g., a hive)

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48
Q

vesicle

A

little bladder; an elevated, fluid-filled sac (blister) within or under the epidermis up to 0.5 cm in diameter (e.g., a fever blister)

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49
Q

bulla

A

a blister larger than 0.5 cm (e.g., a second-degree burn)

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50
Q

pustule

A

a pus-filled sac (e.g., a pimple)

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51
Q

secondary lesions

A

lesions that result in changes in primary lesions

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52
Q

erosion

A

gnawed away; loss of superficial epidermis, leaving an area of moisture but no bleeding (e.g., area if moisture after rupture of a vesicle)

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53
Q

ulcer

A

an open sore in the skin or mucous membrane that can bleed and scar; sometimes accompanied by infection (e.g., decubitus ulcer)

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54
Q

excoriation

A

a scratch mark

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55
Q

fissure

A

a linear crack in the skin

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56
Q

scale

A

a thin flake of exfoliated epidermis (e.g., dandruff)

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57
Q

crust

A

a dried residue of serum (body liquid), pus, or blood in the skin (e.g., as seen in impetigo)

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58
Q

vascular lesions

A

lesions of a blood vessel

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59
Q

cherry angioma

A

a small, round, bright red blood vessel tumor on the skin, often on the trunk of the elderly

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60
Q

telangiectasia, spider angioma

A

a tiny, red blood vessel lesion formed by the dilation of a group of blood vessels radiating from a central arteriole, most commonly on the face, neck, or chest

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61
Q

purpuric lesions

A

purpura; lesions resulting from hemorrhages into the skin

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62
Q

petechia

A

spot; reddish-brown, minute hemorrhagic spots on the skin that indicate a bleeding tendency; a small purpura

63
Q

ecchymosis

A

bruise; a black and blue mark; a large purpura

64
Q

cicatrix of the skin

A

a mark left by the healing of a sore or wound, showing the replacement of destroyed tissue by fibrous tissue

65
Q

keloid

A

an abnormal overgrowth of scar tissue that is thick and irregular

66
Q

epidermal tumors

A

skin tumors arising from the epidermis

67
Q

nevus

A

a congenital malformation on the skin that can be epidermal or vascular; also called a mole

68
Q

dysplastic nevus

A

a mole with precancerous changes

69
Q

verruca

A

an epidermal tumor caused by a papilloma virus, also called a wart

70
Q

alopecia

A

baldness, natural or unnatural deficiency of hair

71
Q

comedo, comedos, comedones

A

a plug of sebum (oil) within the opening of a hair follicle

72
Q

closed comedo

A

a comedo below the skin surface, with a white center (whitehead)

73
Q

open comedo

A

a comedo open to the skin surface, with a black center caused by the presence of melanin exposed to air (blackhead)

74
Q

eruption

A

appearance of a skin lesion

75
Q

erythema

A

redness of skin

76
Q

pruritus

A

severe itching

77
Q

rash

A

a general term for skin eruption, most often associated with communicable disease

78
Q

skin pigmentation

A

skin color resulting from the presence of melanin

79
Q

depigmentation

A

loss of melanin pigment in the skin

80
Q

hypopigmentation

A

areas of skin lacking color because of deficient amounts of melanin

81
Q

hyperpigmentation

A

darkened areas of skin caused by excessive amounts of melanin

82
Q

suppuration

A

production of purulent matter (pus)

83
Q

urticaria

A

hives; an eruption of wheals on the skin accompanied by itching

84
Q

xeroderma

85
Q

acne

A

inflammation of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles of the skin, evidenced by comedones (blackheads), pustules, or nodules on the skin

86
Q

albinism

A

a hereditary condition characterized by a partial or total lack of melanin pigment (particularly in the eyes, skin, and hair)

87
Q

burn

A

injury to body tissue caused by heat, chemicals, electricity, radiation, or gases

88
Q

first degree burn

A

a burn involving only the epidermis; characterized by erythema (redness) and hyperesthesia (excessive sensation)

89
Q

second degree burn

A

a burn involving the epidermis and the dermis; characterized by erythema, hyperesthesia, and vesications (blisters)

90
Q

third degree burn

A

a burn involving all layers of the skin; characterized by the destruction of the epidermis and dermis, with damage or destruction of subcutaneous tissue

91
Q

dermatitis

A

inflamation of the skin characterized by erythema, pruritus (itching), and various lesions

92
Q

dermatosis

A

any disorder of the skin

93
Q

exanthematous viral disease

A

an eruption of the skin caused by a viral disease

94
Q

rubella

A

reddish; German measles

95
Q

rubeola

A

reddish; 14-day measles

96
Q

varicella

A

a tiny spot; chickenpox

97
Q

eczema

A

to boil out; often used interchangeably with dermatitis to denote a skin condition characterized by the appearance of inflamed, swollen papules and vesicles that crust and scale, often with sensations of itching and burning

98
Q

furuncle

A

boil; a painful nodule formed in the skin by inflammation originating in a hair follicle; caused by staphylococcosis

99
Q

carbuncle

A

a skin infection consisting of clusters of furuncles

100
Q

abscess

A

a localized collection of pus in a cavity formed by the inflammation of surrounding tissues, which heals when drained or excised

101
Q

gangrene

A

an eating sore; death of tissue associated with loss of blood supply

102
Q

herpes simplex virus type 1

A

transient viral vesicles (e.g., cold sores or fever blisters) that infect the facial area, especially the mouth and nose

103
Q

herpes simplex virus type 2

A

sexually transmitted, ulcer-like lesions of the genital and anorectal skin and mucosa; after initial infection the virus lies dormant in the nerve cell root and may recur at times of stress

104
Q

herpes zoster

A

a viral disease affecting the peripheral nerves characterized by painful blisters that spread over the skin following affected nerves, usually unilateral; also known as shingles

105
Q

impetigo

A

a highly contagious, bacterial skin inflammation marked by pustules that rupture and become crusted, most often around the mouth and nostrils

106
Q

keratoses

A

thickened ares of epidermis

107
Q

actinic keratoses

A

localized thickening of the skin caused by excessive exposure to sunlight, a known precursor to cancer

108
Q

seborrheic keratoses

A

benign, wart-like tumors; more common on elderly skin

109
Q

lupus

A

a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation of various parts of the body

110
Q

cutaneous lupus

A

limited to the skin; evidenced by a characteristic rash, especially on the face, neck, and scalp

111
Q

systemic lupus erythematosus

A

a more severe form of lupus involving the skin, joints, and often vital organs

112
Q

malignant cutaneous neoplasm

A

skin cancer

113
Q

squamous cell carcinoma

A

malignant tumor of the squamous epithelium

114
Q

basal cell carcinoma

A

malignant tumor of the basal layer of the epidermis; the most common type of skin cancer

115
Q

malignant melanoma

A

malignant tumor composed of melanocytes

116
Q

Kaposi sarcoma

A

malignant tumor of the walls of blood vessels, appearing as painless, dark bluish-purple plaques on the skin; often spreads to the lymph nodes and internal organs; commonly seen in patients with HIV/AIDS

117
Q

onychia

A

inflammation of the fingernail or toenail

118
Q

paronyshia

A

inflammation of the nail fold

119
Q

pediculosis

A

infestation with lice that causes itching and dermatitis

120
Q

pediculosis capitis

121
Q

pediculosis pubis

A

lice that generally infect the pubic regions and sometimes also the hair of the axilla, eyebrows, eyelashes, beard, or other hairy body surface; also called crabs

122
Q

psoriasis

A

itching; a chronic recurrent skin disease marked by silvery scales covering red patches, papules, and/or plaques on the skin that result from overproduction and thickening of skin cells; common sites of involvement are the elbows, knees, genitals, arms, legs, scalp, and nails

123
Q

scabies

A

a contagious skin disease caused by a parasite (mite) that invades the skin, causing an intense itch, most often at articulations between the fingers or toes, elbow. etc.

124
Q

seborrhea

A

a skin condition marked by the hypersecretion of sebum from the sebaceous glands

125
Q

tinea

A

a group of fungal skin diseases identified by the body part affected, including tinea corporis (body), commonly called ringworm, and tinea pedis (foot), also called athletes foot

126
Q

vitiligo

A

a condition caused by the destruction of melanin that results in the appearance of white patches on the skin (commonly the face, hands, legs, and genital areas)

127
Q

biopsy

A

removal of a small piece of tissue for microscopic pathology examination

128
Q

excisional biopsy

A

removal of an entire lesion

129
Q

incisional biopsy

A

removal of a selected portion of a lesion

130
Q

shave biopsy

A

a technique using a surgical blade to “shave” tissue from the epidermis and upper dermis

131
Q

culture and sensitivity

A

a technique of isolating and growing colonies of microorganisms to identify a pathogen and to determine which drugs might be effective for combating the infection it has caused

132
Q

frozen section

A

a surgical technique that involves cutting a thin piece of tissue from a frozen specimen for immediate pathologic examination

133
Q

skin tests

A

methods for determining the reaction of the body to a given substance by applying it to, of injecting it into the skin; commonly used in treating allergies

134
Q

scratch test

A

a test which a substance is applied to the skin through a scratch

135
Q

patch test

A

a test in which a substance is applied topically to the skin on a small piece of blotting paper or wet cloth

136
Q

anesthetic

A

a drug that temporarily blocks transmission of nerve conduction to produce a loss of sensations

137
Q

antibiotic

A

a drug that kills or inhibits the growth of microorganisms

138
Q

antifungal

A

a drug that kills of prevents the growth of fungi

139
Q

abtihistamine

A

a drug that blocks the effects of histamine in the body

140
Q

histamine

A

a regulated body substance released in excess during allergic reactions, causing swelling and inflammation of tissues

141
Q

antiinflammatory

A

a drug that reduces inflammation

142
Q

antipruritic

A

a drug that relieves itching

143
Q

antiseptic

A

an agent that inhibits the growth of infectious mircoorganisms

144
Q

AIDS

A

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

145
Q

BCC

A

basal cell carcinoma

146
Q

Bx

147
Q

C&S

A

culture and sensitivity

148
Q

FS

A

frozen section

149
Q

HIV

A

human immunodeficiency virus

150
Q

HSV-1

A

herpes simplex virus type 1

151
Q

HSV-2

A

herpes simplex virus type 2

152
Q

I&D

A

incision and drainage

153
Q

SCC

A

squamous cell carcinoma

154
Q

SLE

A

systemic lupus erythematosus

Medical Terminology (14 decks)

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