Fever

Question 1

Oral normal temp

Answer 1

36.5-37.2

Question 2

Mention dirunal change

Answer 2

Less than 1 peak at afternoon

Question 3

Grades of fever

Answer 3

Low : 37.3-38
Mod : 38.1 -39
High ; 39.1 - 41
Hyper > 4

Question 4

Mention grades of dec temp

Answer 4

< 36.5 - subnormal
< 35 - hypothermia

Question 5

Pulse temp ratio abnormalities

Answer 5

1——- 10 - 15 beat
Relative tachycardia ——-carditis
Relative bradycardia
Typoid
Viral
Meningitis

Question 6

Emtion mechanism of flu

Answer 6

Question 7

Pyrogens def , drugs dec fever

Answer 7

Question 8

Mention hypothermis causes

Answer 8

Question 9

;dangerous sign of fou

Answer 9

Question 10

Mentio types pf fever and compare between the,

Answer 10

Question 11

Mention temp at 6pm

Answer 11

37.7

Question 12

What is the difference between hyperpyrexia and hyperthermia

Answer 12

Question 13

Mention causes of fever with rigorous

Answer 13

Malaria
Severe fever
Hemolytic crisis
Biliary sepsis
Pyelonephritis
Abcsess under tension

Question 14

Mentio n def of classical and nosocomial fuo

Answer 14

Question 15

Factious fever

Answer 15

Taking hot drinks

Question 16

Mention causes of fever o u

Answer 16

Ifection
Malignancy
Aid

Question 17

Dirunal variation is lost in
Preserved i

Answer 17

Lost in hyperthermia
Preserved in most febrile dx

Question 18

temperature of external body tissues at the surface that is of the skin & subcutaneous tissues.

Answer 18

Surface body temp

Question 19

is the temperature of internal body tissues below the skin & subcutaneous tissues. The

Answer 19

Core temp

Question 20

Sites for mesurement for core temp

Answer 20

Rectum
Tympanic membrane
Esophagus
Pulmonary artery
Urinary bladder

Question 21

Associated fever manifestat;iin

Answer 21

Associated Manifestations:
“ Myalgias, arthralgias, and anorexia are all due to the peripheral effects of PGE2
and may be abolished with the use of COX inhibitors
Calling or more def cold occurring as part of the CS response to the new setpoint
• A rigor is a profound chill with shivering and piloerection.
• Sweats occur with the activation of heat loss mechanisms either:
*due to the effect of antipyretics setting the hypothalamic set point downwards or
>due to elimination of the febrile stimulus.
• Febrile convulsions occurring in infants and children less than 5 years old specially with higher temperatures ≥ 40°C
*acres in ta producti an erotip then, effected in acte proue da mage; there is

Question 22

Acute phase reactant

Answer 22

Complement
Ferritin
Crp
Fibrongen

Question 23

Diffe between chills , rigors

Answer 23

Chills : senstion of cold due to new set point
Rigors profound chills with shibering , piloerection

Question 24

Febrile convulsions occur >?

Answer 24

Infants children less than 5 > 40 ċ

Question 25

Sepsis , septic shock ttt

Answer 25

Hemodynamic resuscitation
02 therapy inotropic support
Antimicrobial therapy

Question 26

Rye sybdrome

Answer 26

Encephalopathy
Fatty infiltration of liver
Cerebral edema
Children with viremia

Question 27

Fever controller

Answer 27

• Control of Fever:
• Physical cooling: Cold foments - Cooling blankets - Ice bath
• Antipyretics:
• Aspirin:
/ Mechanism: it is a COX-I → decreased PGE2 centrally and peripheral
(Paracetamol):
V Mechanism: it lacks the peripheral inhibitor y effect on PGE2 synthesis so, has no anti-inflammatory actions but it decreases its synthesis centrally hence its potent antipyretic effect.
>NSAIDs:
/Potent antipyretics and anti-inflammatory e.g. diclofenac, indomethacin and ibuprofen.

Question 28

Describe cp ttt of ifection in immunocompromised

Answer 28

Atypical with few signs
Early aggressive antimicrobiak

Question 29

Def bacterima

Answer 29

Bacteria in bolld

Question 30

Def SIRS

Answer 30

Stimulation of the immune system due to any cause (trauma, infection, bum, surgical

Response Syndrome
SIRS
Temp. >38 or <36
Pulse >90
RR > 20
TLC > 12000 or < 4000

Question 31

Sepsis def

Answer 31

Manifestions of SIRS localized to primar site

Question 32

Septic shick def

Answer 32

Sepsis with MOF and hypotension unresponsive to adequate fluid replacement
Mortality rate : 40-60%