Edema

Question 1

Edema def , pathophysiology

Answer 1

Question 2

Causes of localized edema

Answer 2

• Venous&raquo_space;> DVT, vascular insufficiency or tumour
• Lymphatic&raquo_space;> lymphedema (tumor or filarial worms)
• Inflammatory&raquo_space;> trauma, infection, thermal injury
• Allergy

Question 3

Mention causes of edema

Answer 3

A） 个个个 Hydrostatic pressure
• Heart failure (Cardiac edema)
• Renal failure and GN&raquo_space;> retention of water and salts
• Liver cirrhosis&raquo_space;> Salt & water retention
SAL
SAMA
B) JJ L Oncotic pressure (Albumin < 2.5 gm/di)
• & intake&raquo_space;> malnutrition (Nutritional edema)
• & absorption&raquo_space;> malabsorption (GIT edema)
• & synthesis&raquo_space;> liver cell failure (Hepatic edema)
• T loss in kidney&raquo_space;> nephrotic syndrome (Renal edema)
• T loss in GIT&raquo_space;> protein loosing enteropathy (GIT edema)
S
C） 个个个 Capillary permeability
• Allergic&raquo_space;> anaphylaxis + angioedema (Allergic edema)
+perin
• Inflammatory&raquo_space;> Trauma + thermal “burn” + infection “cellulitis”
• 1 histamine, bradykinin and cytokines&raquo_space;> VD
S
D) Lymphatic obstruction&raquo_space;> Lymphedema
• Carcinoma blocking lymphatic drainage
• Filarial worms
Myxedema
• Puffiness of eyelids
• Firm non pitting
Causes of localized edema
• Venous&raquo_space;> DVT, vascular insufficiency or tumour
• Lymphatic&raquo_space;> lymphedema (tumor or filarial worms)
• Inflammatory&raquo_space;> trauma, infection, thermal injury
• Allergy

Question 4

Mention drugs, causing edema

Answer 4

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Antihypertensive agents
Direct arterial/arteriolar vasodilators
Hydralazine
Clonidine
Methyldopa
Guanethidine
Minoxidil
Calcium channel antagonists
o-Adrenergic antagonists
Thiazolidinediones
Steroid hormones
Glucocorticoids
Anabolic steroids
Estrogens

Question 5

Compare between cardiac edema, renal edema hepatic edema is the points of comparison or characters and and the area more affected associated with

Answer 5

Question 6

Causes of non-fitting edema

Answer 6

Lymphedema Miedema

Question 7

Describe the work for edema

Answer 7

Question 8

Causes of unilateral idiom

Answer 8

Blood Venus obstruction DVT
Bone trauma
Lymphatic obstruction lymphedema Baker cyst
Skin cell lights

Question 9

Causes of cardiac causes of ascites precox

Answer 9

Cardiac constructive pericarditis
Pericardial effusion
Tr ts

Question 10

Localizing factors af cardiac edema

Answer 10

Increased capillary, hydrostatic pressure due to decrease Venus return
Effect of gravity

Question 11

Causes of localizing factors in hepatic edema

Answer 11

Hepatic lymphrea
Increased portal, capillary hydrostatic pressure

Question 12

Generalize it anasarca

Answer 12

Lower limb edema
Ascites
Plural effusion
Pericardial effusion

Question 13

Meigs syndrome

Answer 13

Ovarian rumor
Right sided pleural effusion
Ascites

Question 14

The hydrostatic pressure within the vascular system and the colloid oncotic
pressure in the interstitial fluid tend to promote movement of fluid from

Answer 14

vascular to the extravascular space.

Question 15

the colloid oncotic pressure contributed by plasma proteins and the
hydrostatic pressure within the interstitial fluid promote the movement of fluid int

Answer 15

vascular compartment

Question 16

Interstitial FLUID Balance
Depens on

Answer 16

Chp
Thp
Pop
Top
Lymphatics
Capillary premeability

Question 17

Chp depends on

Answer 17

arterial pressure , venous pressu

Question 18

Thp depends on

Answer 18

represents pressure developed in interstitial compartment outside
capillary wall & is determined by volume of fluid in the interstitial space and
by distensibility of space

Question 19

Describe the process of filterstion

Answer 19

Question 20

Difference between generalized edema dute hypoprotenimia and fluid overload

Answer 20

At fluid positive jvp

Question 21

At edema we do fecal fatestimation why?

Answer 21

To rule out malbsorbtion