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Patho > female reproductive system > Flashcards

female reproductive system Flashcards

1
Q

the birth process is the easiest with which type of pelvis?

A

Gynecoid

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2
Q

android pelvis shape

A

wedge shape

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3
Q

anthropoid pelvis shape

A

oval shape

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4
Q

platypelloid pelvis shape

A

flat shaped with oval inlet

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5
Q

atresia

A

process of losing egg storage over time

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6
Q

Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis

A

process by which LH and FSH is released

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7
Q

ovarian hormones (LH and FSH) are released by which gland?

A

anterior pituitary gland

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8
Q

a surge in LH releases what?

A

egg

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9
Q

right before ovulation occurs (pre-ovulationn phase) what are LH, estrogen, FSH and progesterone levels?

A

LH high, estrogen high, FSH high and progesterone low

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10
Q

progesterone levels don’t get high until which phase?

A

post-ovulation phase

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11
Q

when does temp increase?

A

during ovulation

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12
Q

how many phases in menstrual cycle?

A

4, menstrual phase, pre-ovulation phase, ovulation, post-ovulation

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13
Q

how many phases in ovarian cycle?

A

2, follicular and luteal phases

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14
Q

follicular phase

A

FSH is released, LH is secreted follicule is released into peritoneal cavity

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15
Q

where is egg released during ovulation?

A

peritoneal cavity

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16
Q

luteal phase

A

corpus luteum is formed, estrogen and progesterone secreted, egg is destroyed if not fertilized

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17
Q

menstrual phase of uterine cycle

A

4-6 days of bleeding, FSH rises to start new cycle

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18
Q

proliferative phase of uterine cycle

A

estrogen and LH increases, FSH decreases

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19
Q

secretory phases of uterine cycle

A

lasts 12 days, progesterone and estrogen secreted

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20
Q

what does progesterone prepare endometrium for?

A

pregnancy

21
Q

estrogen 1 and 2 are implicated in?

A

breast cancer

22
Q

which type of estrogen is most common in post-menopausal years?

A

E1-Estrone

23
Q

which type of estrogen is most potent and most abundant during premenopausal years?

A

E2- Estradiol

24
Q

where does estrogen come from in post menopause?

A

adrenal gland

25
Q

bone reabsorption is faster or slower under under influence of estrogen?

A

slower

26
Q

how does estrogen affect cholesterol?

A

lowers it

27
Q

amenorrhea

A

absence of menses for 6 months or more who are not menopausal

28
Q

menorrhagia

A

bleeding occurs at normal intervals but with heavy flow

29
Q

metrorrhagia

A

irregular bleeding between cycles

30
Q

menormetrorrhagia

A

heavy flow at irregular intervals

31
Q

polymenorrhea

A

bleeding occurs at intervals <21 days

32
Q

what can cause polymenorrhea?

A

defects of luteal-phase defect

33
Q

oligomenorrhea

A

bleeding occurs at intervals of >35 days

34
Q

what can cause oligomenorrhea?

A

prolonged follicular phas

35
Q

post-menopausal bleeding

A

bleeding occurs at least 1 year after cessation of menstrual cycle

36
Q

primary amenorrhea

A

no period by 16 (d/t gonadal failure, obstruction)

37
Q

secondary amenorrhea

A

no period for 6 months d/t hormonal imbalance (pregnancy, tumor, thyroid dysfunction)

38
Q

causes of menorrhagia

A

tumors, PID, failure to ovulate

39
Q

causes of metrorrhagia

A

abnormal build up and sloughing of endometrial tissue

40
Q

endometriosis

A

endometrial tissue from uterus becomes embedded elsewhere

41
Q

carcinoma of the endometrium occurs in which type of women?

A

post-menopausal women who have not had children

42
Q

good thing about carcinoma in situ

A

lesion is self contained, will not metastasis

43
Q

hydatiform mole

A

benign tumor of placenta, theres no fetus, Hcg will be high

44
Q

choriocarcinoma

A

high malignant tumor of placenta! Hcg will be really high

45
Q

serous tumor

A

fallopian tube cells

46
Q

mucinous tumor

A

endocervix cells

47
Q

endometroid

A

endometrium cells

48
Q

peri-menopause stage of menopause

A

hot flashes

49
Q

menopause

A

cessation of menses for 12 consecutive months

Patho (20 decks)

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