female reproductive system

Question 1

the birth process is the easiest with which type of pelvis?

Answer 1

Gynecoid

Question 2

android pelvis shape

Answer 2

wedge shape

Question 3

anthropoid pelvis shape

Answer 3

oval shape

Question 4

platypelloid pelvis shape

Answer 4

flat shaped with oval inlet

Question 5

atresia

Answer 5

process of losing egg storage over time

Question 6

Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis

Answer 6

process by which LH and FSH is released

Question 7

ovarian hormones (LH and FSH) are released by which gland?

Answer 7

anterior pituitary gland

Question 8

a surge in LH releases what?

Answer 8

egg

Question 9

right before ovulation occurs (pre-ovulationn phase) what are LH, estrogen, FSH and progesterone levels?

Answer 9

LH high, estrogen high, FSH high and progesterone low

Question 10

progesterone levels don’t get high until which phase?

Answer 10

post-ovulation phase

Question 11

when does temp increase?

Answer 11

during ovulation

Question 12

how many phases in menstrual cycle?

Answer 12

4, menstrual phase, pre-ovulation phase, ovulation, post-ovulation

Question 13

how many phases in ovarian cycle?

Answer 13

2, follicular and luteal phases

Question 14

follicular phase

Answer 14

FSH is released, LH is secreted follicule is released into peritoneal cavity

Question 15

where is egg released during ovulation?

Answer 15

peritoneal cavity

Question 16

luteal phase

Answer 16

corpus luteum is formed, estrogen and progesterone secreted, egg is destroyed if not fertilized

Question 17

menstrual phase of uterine cycle

Answer 17

4-6 days of bleeding, FSH rises to start new cycle

Question 18

proliferative phase of uterine cycle

Answer 18

estrogen and LH increases, FSH decreases

Question 19

secretory phases of uterine cycle

Answer 19

lasts 12 days, progesterone and estrogen secreted

Question 20

what does progesterone prepare endometrium for?

Answer 20

pregnancy

Question 21

estrogen 1 and 2 are implicated in?

Answer 21

breast cancer

Question 22

which type of estrogen is most common in post-menopausal years?

Answer 22

E1-Estrone

Question 23

which type of estrogen is most potent and most abundant during premenopausal years?

Answer 23

E2- Estradiol

Question 24

where does estrogen come from in post menopause?

Answer 24

adrenal gland

Question 25

bone reabsorption is faster or slower under under influence of estrogen?

Answer 25

slower

Question 26

how does estrogen affect cholesterol?

Answer 26

lowers it

Question 27

amenorrhea

Answer 27

absence of menses for 6 months or more who are not menopausal

Question 28

menorrhagia

Answer 28

bleeding occurs at normal intervals but with heavy flow

Question 29

metrorrhagia

Answer 29

irregular bleeding between cycles

Question 30

menormetrorrhagia

Answer 30

heavy flow at irregular intervals

Question 31

polymenorrhea

Answer 31

bleeding occurs at intervals <21 days

Question 32

what can cause polymenorrhea?

Answer 32

defects of luteal-phase defect

Question 33

oligomenorrhea

Answer 33

bleeding occurs at intervals of >35 days

Question 34

what can cause oligomenorrhea?

Answer 34

prolonged follicular phas

Question 35

post-menopausal bleeding

Answer 35

bleeding occurs at least 1 year after cessation of menstrual cycle

Question 36

primary amenorrhea

Answer 36

no period by 16 (d/t gonadal failure, obstruction)

Question 37

secondary amenorrhea

Answer 37

no period for 6 months d/t hormonal imbalance (pregnancy, tumor, thyroid dysfunction)

Question 38

causes of menorrhagia

Answer 38

tumors, PID, failure to ovulate

Question 39

causes of metrorrhagia

Answer 39

abnormal build up and sloughing of endometrial tissue

Question 40

endometriosis

Answer 40

endometrial tissue from uterus becomes embedded elsewhere

Question 41

carcinoma of the endometrium occurs in which type of women?

Answer 41

post-menopausal women who have not had children

Question 42

good thing about carcinoma in situ

Answer 42

lesion is self contained, will not metastasis

Question 43

hydatiform mole

Answer 43

benign tumor of placenta, theres no fetus, Hcg will be high

Question 44

choriocarcinoma

Answer 44

high malignant tumor of placenta! Hcg will be really high

Question 45

serous tumor

Answer 45

fallopian tube cells

Question 46

mucinous tumor

Answer 46

endocervix cells

Question 47

endometroid

Answer 47

endometrium cells

Question 48

peri-menopause stage of menopause

Answer 48

hot flashes

Question 49

menopause

Answer 49

cessation of menses for 12 consecutive months