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ANSC 453: Animal Disease & their control > Feline Diseases > Flashcards

Feline Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

what diseases are addressed in the 3 in 1 feline vaccine?

A

FVRCP
- Feline viral rhinotracheitis
- Calicivirus
- panleukopenia

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2
Q

which virus is added to the 4 in one?

A

FVRCP + C
- Chlamydophila

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3
Q

which are the core feline vaccines?

A

FVRCP

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4
Q

feline Respiratory Disease Complex

Feline herpesvirus
i. What general clinical signs are seen? What ocular lesion is seen specifically with this infection?

A
  • Fever, sneezing, conjunctivitis, rhinitis, salivation
  • Ocular lesion -> corneal inflammation/ ulcers
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5
Q

feline Respiratory Disease Complex

Feline herpesvirus
ii. Is there a carrier state?

A

Cats can become carriers (latently infected) and disease can be recrudesced (emerge) after stress

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6
Q

feline Respiratory Disease Complex

Feline calicivirus
i. What is the characteristic lesion discerning this viral infection from other ones that cause similar disease?

A
  • Fever, poor appetite, depression, rhinitis, conjunctivitis
  • Cause mouth sores, pulmonary edema, pneumonia, and eyes!
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7
Q

feline Respiratory Disease Complex

feline calicivirus
ii. What other syndrome can be seen (non-respiratory)?

A

Some strains can cause limping (alternating legs)

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8
Q

feline Respiratory Disease Complex

which bacteria are involved in FRDC?

A

Bordetella bronchiseptica

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9
Q

Feline Panleukopenia Virus

what kind of virus is it caused by?

A

parvovirus

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10
Q

Feline Panleukopenia Virus

what is the basic pathogenesis of this disease?

A

Infected via oronasal exposures to feces, secretions, or contaminated fomites

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11
Q

Feline Panleukopenia Virus

are the white blood cells increased or decreased?

A

decreased

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12
Q

Feline Panleukopenia Virus

what lesion of the central nervous system is seen?

A

Cerebellar hypoplasia

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13
Q

Feline Panleukopenia Virus

is there specific treatment for this disease? If so, what?

A

no

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14
Q

Feline Panleukopenia Virus

how do we prevent this disease?

A

Vaccines (not in pregnant or sick cats)
- Last vaccine is given when the cat is 16 weeks old
- Booster 1-3 years

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15
Q

Feline Panleukopenia Virus

is the virus easy to kill or difficult to kill with disinfectants?

A

Resistant to activation (bleach or rescue)

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16
Q

Feline Leukemia virus

what kind of virus is it?

A

retrovirus

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17
Q

Feline Leukemia virus

is transmission usually vertical, horizontal, or both?

A

both

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18
Q

Feline Leukemia virus

How does this virus cause neoplasia?

A

Virus can insert itself into the cat’s cellular genome near an “oncogene”, and can induce neoplasia

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19
Q

Feline Leukemia virus

Can cats clear this virus? If so, how?

A

If the cat produces enough neutralizing antibodies, the virus can be eliminated (70%)

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20
Q

Feline Leukemia virus

what clinical signs are usually seen?

A
  • Anemia
  • Lymphoma
  • Leukemia
  • Reproductive problems
  • immunosuppression
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21
Q

Feline Leukemia virus

is the common diagnostic test detecting antigen or antibody?

A

antigen

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22
Q

Feline Leukemia virus

is there a carrier state?

A

Transmitted by persistently infected healthy cats

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23
Q

Feline Leukemia virus

how do we prevent this disease?

A
  • Test kittens on first visit
  • Test new cats entering uninfected household
  • Test prior to the FeLV vaccination
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24
Q

Feline Immunodeficiency Virus

what kind of virus causes it?

A

Lentivirus

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25
Q

Feline Immunodeficiency Virus

is transmission usually vertical, horizontal, or both?

A

both

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26
Q

Feline Immunodeficiency Virus

is it efficiently spread by casual contact?

A

Biting is the most common way of transmission, also during parturition

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27
Q

Feline Immunodeficiency Virus

what white blood cell does it replicate in?

A

Replicates T-lymphocytes

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28
Q

Feline Immunodeficiency Virus

Why disease syndrome does it cause?

A

Feline AIDS

29
Q

Feline Immunodeficiency Virus

is the common diagnostic test detecting antigen or antibody?

A

antibody

30
Q

Feline Immunodeficiency Virus

what test is used to confirm infection?

A

western blot

31
Q

Feline Immunodeficiency Virus

is the current vaccine DIVA? Is it recommended?

A

Not DIVA, and not recommended

32
Q

Feline Infectious Peritonitis

what is it caused by?

A

Mutated form of feline coronavirus

33
Q

Feline Infectious Peritonitis

what are the two clinical forms seen? Know the role the immune response plays in the clinical outcome?

A
  1. Wet form (effusive form): strong humoral response but weak cell-mediated immunity
  2. Dry form (non-effusive form): partial cell-mediated response and a humoral response
34
Q

Feline hyperthyroidism

what is the underlying pathology? (I.e. what organ and what lesion)

A
  • Excessive secretion of thyroid hormone
  • Thyroid hyperplasia common cause
35
Q

Feline hyperthyroidism

what are the common clinical signs?

A
  • Weight loss
  • Increased appetite
  • Hyperexcitability
  • polydipsia
36
Q

Feline hyperthyroidism

what can we see with thoracic radiographs?

A

Enlarged thyroid gland

37
Q

Feline hyperthyroidism

What is the laboratory test we use to diagnose?

A

Measuring T4

38
Q

Feline hyperthyroidism

what are the three methods of treatment?

A
  1. radioiodine therapy
  2. thyroidectomy
  3. antithyroid drugs
39
Q

Feline Diabetes Mellitus

what are the two causes of this disorder?

A
  1. Insulin insufficiency
  2. Insulin resistance
40
Q

Feline Diabetes Mellitus

what are the common clinical signs? What posture is associated with this disease?

A

Clinical signs:
- Polyuria
- Polydipsia
- Polyphagia
- Weight loss
- Plantigrade posture

41
Q

Feline Diabetes Mellitus

what do we use to detect a persistent hyperglycemic state?

A

Serum glycosylated hemoglobin or fructosamine

42
Q

Feline Diabetes Mellitus

Know that cats will have elevated blood sugar and urine sugar (what do we call that?)

A

Glucosuria

43
Q

Feline Diabetes Mellitus

what is the goal of treatment?

A

Eliminate clinical signs (to get perfect control of blood sugar)

44
Q

Hepatic Lipidosis

do fat or skinny cats get it?

A

obese cats

45
Q

Hepatic Lipidosis

what are the common clinical signs?

A
  • Dramatic weight loss
  • Vomiting
  • Diarrhea
  • Lethargy
46
Q

Hepatic Lipidosis

is the liver big or small?

A

big liver

47
Q

Hepatic Lipidosis

what are the liver enzymes again? (from first midterm)

A
  • ALT
  • ALP
  • AST
48
Q

Hepatic Lipidosis

how do we treat this?

A
  • Fluid therapy
  • Appetite stimulants, force feeding tube
49
Q

Hepatic Lipidosis

How can we prevent this disease?

A
  • Monitoring the cat’s weight
  • weight loss for an obese cat
50
Q

Linear Foreign Body

what are two places that the FB frequently gets stuck??

A

Base of tongue and stomach

51
Q

Linear Foreign Body

what are the common clinical signs?

A
  • Abdominal pain
  • Vomiting
  • Anorexia
  • Diarrhea
  • Visible foreign body (mouth/tongue or anus)
52
Q

Linear Foreign Body

if the cat doesn’t pass it on its own, what is the treatment?

A
  • Supportive care
  • Surgical exploration
53
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma

is it benign or malignant?

A

malignant

54
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma

what is the predisposing cause?

A

Prolonged exposure to sunlight

55
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma

what are common sites where it occurs?

A

Ears, eyelids, nose, lips

56
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma

what is the treatment of choice?

A

Surgical excision

57
Q

Chronic renal disease

Reversible or irreversible?

A

irreversible

58
Q

Chronic renal disease

give at least two causes?

A
  1. Polycystic kidney disease
  2. Amyloidosis
59
Q

Chronic renal disease

two hormones that the kidney makes.

A
  1. Renin
  2. Erythropoietin
60
Q

Chronic renal disease

common clinical signs:

A
  • Increased drinking
  • Increased urination
  • Decreased appetite
  • Vomiting
  • Hypertension
  • Anemia
  • Oral ulcers
61
Q

Chronic renal disease

How much of the kidney function does the cat need to lose before you see clinical signs?

A

Lose >75%

62
Q

Chronic renal disease

what three abnormalities are seen in blood chemistry that are used to diagnose this disease?

A
  1. High BUN
  2. Creatinine
  3. Phosphorus
63
Q

Chronic renal disease

should we feed these cats high or low protein diets? High or low phosphate?

A

Low protein and phosphorus diet

64
Q

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

what breed of cats?

A

Maine coons & ragdolls

65
Q

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

is a. heart big or small?

A

big

66
Q

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

is left ventricular chamber big or small?

A

small

67
Q

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

what is the cause of hindlimb paresis in these cats?

A
  • Weak pulses
  • Pain
  • Cyanotic nail beds
68
Q

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

what do we use streptokinase or tissue plasminogen activator for?

A

To prevent thrombi formation

ANSC 453: Animal Disease & their control (16 decks)

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