Famous Primatologists Flashcards
Micheal Tomasello investigated..
primate cognition (deception):
- gaze following experiment
- quiet vs loud containers
Hare studied..
in 2000; food competition between subordinates and dominantes
Povinelli and Eddy studied
begging and gesturing in chimps behind plediglass barrier
povineilli- intention vs accident in orange juice study
Kaminiski 2004
rebutted povinellis valence hypothesis= found the ‘senstiivity to face orientation’ case
Whiten studied….
- cultural variations in gombe among chimps
- mind reading in animals
Santos, Nissen and Ferrugia studied…
rhesus monkeys and cognition (knowing what others can/cant hear)
Boesch 19993 study
leap clipping in tai national park and indiviudual variance
who are the ‘trimates’ and what did they study
female primatologists : (sent by Louis Leakey)
Jane Goodall (chimps) Diane Fossey (mountain gorrila Rwanda) Birutė Galdikas (orangutans)
craig b stanford looked at
meat hunting and sharing/cooperation in chimps and compared it to early hominids, ache people and bonobos
Whitten studied..
1999: cultural diversity in chimps in gombe
east african chimps on an island (and nut cracking skills)
‘artificial fruit’ experiment= apes do ape (imitation)
Safari ants: gombe vs tai forest methods of sticks
Humle and Matuzawa:
bossou chimps and stick types
Richard Byrne-Bates methods
Mirror recoginition exerpiments
‘Two-tole’ task; understand seprate roles chimps
Playback exeriment with vervety monkeys (vocalizations; infants/rank relationships
Yale UNi study:
Rhesus monkeys and theory of mind (grapes study and noisy container)
Visalbergi (Rome Experiment)
capuchins + peanut tube experiment= monkeys dont ape
Carel Van Shaik
- human nature
- studied orangutans
- looks at cooperation
- cultural intelligence hypothesis
-predator defense hypothesis (female reslationships)
-hypothesis predicts a positive interspecific correlation between social-learning performance and individual learning ability
more heavily cultural species should be more intelligent.
Richard Wranghamn
’ the goodness paradox’
- resoruce defense hypothesis (female reslationships)
Ulrich Reichard
- gibbons and siamangs
- monogamy in primates
- male ornaments in pig tailed macaques
Opie
social monogamy in gibbons
male infanticide leading to monogay
Konrad Lorenz
- lorenzian aggression
- impriting and learning
- group selection
- instinct theory
- hydraulic model
NIcholas Tinbergen
ornithologists
worked with lorenz on social learning
instinc theory of agggresion
Frans dewaal
- empathy and cognition in apes
- cooperation and reconcilliation in apes
- how political orgnization similar to politicians
- moral behaviour and altuirism in apes
- humanism
- being an alpha male; having to still be nice and a leader
Humphrey
Macchevialian Intelligence
Aldo Leopold
A Sand Country Called Alamanac; 1949
environmenatlistt consequentalist philosophy
the idea of ‘land ethic’
Denniss O’Neil
archeology
prehistoric culture
Mark Sagoff
famous quote; animal rights + environmentliats
environemntal philosophy
Richard Dawkins
selfish gene
meme evolution
Bateman
Bateman’s principle
Robert Trivers
- good genes hypothesis
- reciprocal altruism
Eibel Ebelsfeld
- female cryptic choice
William D Hamilston
“hamiltons rule’; kinship
- parasite resistance principle (with ZUK)
Robin Dunbar
social bonding in primates
the constraints that time places on an individual’s ability to manage their relationships, and the cognitive tricks used to overcome these.
importance of grooming
origins of language
social brain hypothesis + neocortex
Radcliffe-Brown
his theory of functionalism and his role in the founding of British social anthropology.
Radcliffe-Brown’s view that social anthropology should be viewed as a branch of natural
science was naturally quite amenable to primatologists
“Social life and social
adaptation involve the adjustment of the behavior of individual organisms to the requirements of the process by which social life continues”
looked at social structures
Humphrey
Macchevialian Intelligence
cultural intelligence hypothesis
Whiten-Vanshaik:cultural effects could also have affected the evolution of intelligence in our lineage and other
Andreas Paul
The socioecology of infant handling in primates 1999
McKenna
allomothering in colobine monkeys
Wyrne Edwards
He was best known for his advocacy of group selection, the theory that natural selection acts at the level of the group ‘good of the sepcies’
