Family: Circoviridae Flashcards
Circoviridae viruses are \_\_\_\_\_\_\_, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_- stranded and have \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ genome. A. Linear, single, RNA B. Linear, double, RNA C. Linear, single, DNA D. Linear, double, DNA E. Circular, single, RNA F.Circular, double, RNA G. Circular, single, DNA H. Circular, double, DNA
G. Circular, single, DNA
What genus's are included in family Circoviridae? A. Gyrovirus B. Varicellovirus C. Circovirus D. Simplexvirus E. Both A and C F. Both C and D
E. Both A and C
–Gyrovirus and Circovirus (Think about eating a Circular Gyro sandwich)
What virus(s) is/are included in Genus Gyrovirus? A. Porcine circovirus type- 1 B. Porcine circovirus type-2 C. Chicken Infectious Anemia virus D. Both A and B
C. Chicken Infectious Anemia virus
What virus(s) is/ are included in Genus Circovirus? A. Porcine circovirus type- 1 B. Porcine circovirus type-2 C. Chicken Infectious Anemia virus D. Both A and B
D. Both A and B
–Porcine circovirus type- 1 and Porcine circovirus type- 2
Genus Circovirus has circular, single stranded \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ DNA. A. Positive Sense B. cDNA C. Negative sense D. Ambisense
D. Ambisense
–(think A/C – Ambisense DNA is genus Circovirus)
Genus Gyrovirus has circular, single stranded \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ DNA. A. Positive Sense B. cDNA C. Negative sense D. Ambisense
C. Negative sense
–(think the Gyro guy was negative today)
Chicken infectious anemia virus has \_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ -like structures that are less obvious in the other circoviruses. A. 11- Trumpet B. 12- Trumpet C. 11- Drum D. 12- Drum
B. 12- Trumpet
Which of the following is not true about circoviridae virus replication?
A. Virions are very stable
B. Virus replication occurs in actively dividing cells
C. Viral DNA replication occurs in the nucleus
D. Viral DNA replication occurs in the cytoplasm, like in poxviruses
D. Viral DNA replication occurs in the cytoplasm, like in poxviruses
–Circoviridae replication is in the nucleus. Poxvirus replication is unique because it is in the cytoplasm. Poxviruses are able to replicate in the cytoplasm because , UNLIKE other DNA viruses, poxviruses have evolved to encode the enzymes required of transcription and replication of the viral genome.
Porcine circovirus type - 1 is: A. A post- weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) B. Highly infectious C. Non- pathogenic D. common in pigs 4-6 weeks of age
C. Non- pathogenic
—The rest of the answers were describing Porcine cirovirus type-2!!!
What virus causes Post weaning multisystmeic wasting syndrome (PMWS)? A. Chicken Infectious Anemia Virus B. Porcine circovirus type-1 C. Porcine circovirus type-2 D. swinepox
C. Porcine circovirus type-2
What is the distribution of Porcine circovirus type-2? A. Worldwide B. Africa, US, Europe, Asia C. endemic in Africa, Asia and Europe D. endemic in Africa, Asia and the US
A. Worldwide
What is the host of post- weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) , and what age range does it typically effect?
A. Cattle, most common at 4-6 weeks of age or 2-3 weeks post-weaning.
B. Swine, most common at 4-6 weeks of age or 2-3 weeks post-weaning.
C. Cattle, most common at 2-3 weeks of age or 4-6 weeks post-weaning.
D. Swine, most common at 2-3 weeks of age or 4-6 weeks post-weaning.
B. Swine, most common at 4-6 weeks of age or 2-3 weeks post-weaning.
How is post weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome MOST COMMONLY transmitted?
A. Vertical transmission (Transplacental Infection)
B. Horizontal transmission (via sexual intercourse)
C. Fecal- oral transmission
D. via an Arthropod
C. Fecal- oral transmission
–Transmission can also occur via Vertical transmission (Transplacental Infection) but it is not the most common method of transmission.
T/F: Post weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome is a widespread virus in MOST pig populations.
True!
All of the following are true about the pathogenesis of Post weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome, except:
A. Infection during the first and second trimester results in fetal death and resorption or aborted fetuses with severe cardiac congestion.
B. Causes Lymphoid depletion, with a loss of B and T cells
C. is characterized by individual to coalescing foci of granulomatous inflammation in lymphoid tissue, lungs, liver, kidney, heart, and intestines, sometimes with prominent “botryoid” (grape-like) intra-cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in virus infected macrophages.
D. Infection during the last trimester has minimal effect on fetuses
E. All of the above are true about the pathogenesis of PMWS.
E. All of the above are true about the pathogenesis of PMWS.
All of the following are common clinical signs of Post- weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS), except: A. Lethargy B. Progressive Weigh Loss C. Cough D. Dyspnoea E. Slow growth F. Lymphadenopathy (swollen inguinal lymph nodes) G. Diarrhea H. Skin discoloration I. Congenital tremors J. Icterus K. All of the above are clinical signs of PMWS
K. All of the above are clinical signs of PMWS
–Icterus is less common but still listed under common clinical signs
What type of infection is most commonly seen associated with PMWS? A. Acute infection B. Chronic infection C. Subclinical infection D. Latent infection
C. Subclinical infection
All of the following are pathogens in which a co-infection with PMWS may cause severe disease and more pronounced lesions, except:
A. Porcine parvovirus (PPV)
B. Porcine reproductive and respiratory virus (PRRSV)
C. SIV
D. Mycoplasma hyponeumoniae
E. Swinepox
F. Variety of opportunistic bacteria
G. All of the above are pathogens in which a co-infection with PMWS may cause severe disease and more pronounced lesions
E. Swinepox
—This was not listed as a co-infection agent which may cause severe disease and more pronounced lesions
Which of the following is/are way(s) to diagnose PMWS?
A. Antigen detection only
B. Serological assays
C. ELISA
D. All of the above are ways to diagnose PMWS
B. Serological assays
–Most pigs are seropositive, therefore antigen detection is not of much value
Which of the following is/ are appropriate vaccination(s) for PMWS?
A. Chimeric Vaccines
B. Sow vaccination: Antepartum
C. Inactivated or Baculovirus- Expressed Vaccine
D. All of the above are appropriate vaccinations for PMWS
D. All of the above are appropriate vaccinations for PMWS
New generation chimeric vaccines have been developed that utilize Porcine circovirus type- \_\_\_ as a genetic backbone for expression of the immunogenic capsid protein of Porcine circovirus type- \_\_\_\_. A. 2,1 B. 1,2 C. 2,3 D. 3,2
B. 1,2
-PCV-1 is non- pathogenic so it makes sense that it would be used as the genetic backbone instead of the pathogenic PCV-2!
Inactivated or Baculovirus- Expressed vaccines contain virus- like particles that include the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ of \_\_\_\_\_\_. A. antigen, PCV-1 B. antigen, PCV-2 C. capsid protein, PCV-1 D. capsid protein, PCV-2
D. capsid protein, PCV-2
When are the sows vaccinated for Porcine circovirus type-2?
A. Antepartum
B. Postpartum
C. Before being bred to the boar
D. immediately after being bred to the boar
A. Antepartum
Which of the following is not true in regards to Porcine Dermatitis and Nephropathy Syndrome (PDNS)? A. Is is associated with PCV2 B. It is Sporadic C. It is reported in young piglets D. Necrotizing skin lesions E. Necrotizing vasculitis F. Necrotizing Fibrinous Glomerulonephritis G. All of the above are true
C. It is reported in young piglets
–It is reported in older piglets!