F.4 future health and food security and sustainability Flashcards
what is an example of a short term solution to food insecurity?
food Aid
increased food production,
access to speeds (better seeds) and fertilisers.
export banns
could you expand further on food aid as a short term solution to food insecurity?
Food aid is help in the form of basic items of food given to a country or region suffering from a food shortage.
The WFP (world food program) already reaches millions suffering from natural disasters, people in need such as refugees. However, there are still millions suffering from chronic hunger around the world
could you expand more on access to seeds (better seeds) and fertiliser? as a short term solution to food insecurity.
many rural farmers in LICs are unable to cover the cost of inputs such as seeds and fertilisers. Helping the rural poor to access seeds and fertilisers means they can plant for needs seasons crops, which is a start to ending the food crisis many face.
what does increasing food production mean?
this would mean reducing set aside policies (taking land out of production for a given period of time.) Higher market price also encourage production. However, people may not be able to afford making tis only a short term measure that might need to be done alongside food aid.
can you develop further on export banns as a short term solution to food insecurity?
Export bans: Many LICs are forced or encouraged to export crops in order to repay debt, hence they are not sold on the domestic market. The reduces the supply increasing prices domestically.
can you lost the medium term solutions to food insecurity?
free trade,
biofuels,
what is free trade and how is it helping food insecurity in the medium term?
free trade makes trade easier by putting a limit on tariffs, undoing some of the protectionist policies under the EU’s common agricultural policy (CAP).
Trade can improve food availability where it is scarce and can also improve economic access to food by creating jobs and raising incomes.
A more predictable trading system can also improve stability, another key component of food security.
what is a biofuels and how is its reduction helping food security in the medium term?
a biofuels is a fuel derived immediately from living matter.
A demand can lead to higher food prices either through increased competition for inputs such as land, water, fertilizer and labour, or through international trade.
When a country reduces biofuel in their energy mix their is more inputs and trade for food.
what are the three long term measures to tackle food insecurity?
agrecultural investment
GM crops
sustaniblility
can you expand on how agricultural investment is a long term solution to food insecurity?
Agricultural investment: With the right help it is believed Africa could increase its yields. Many crops are lost as farmers struggle to get their produce to the markets on time. Investing in roads, storage, access to fertilisers, improved irrigation would improve the situation.
can you expand on how GM crops and how they are a long term solution for food insecurity?
Genetically modified crops are plants used in agriculture, the DNA of which has been modified using genetic engineering methods.
They are better suited to harsher environment and can last longer, helping food secuity.
However, not all crops are suitable for continents like Africa as many GM crops have been concentrated on the Northern Hemisphere.
can you expand on how sustainability is as long term solution to food insecurity?
Sustainability: Rethinking our lifestyles as the current situation isn’t sustainabl- waste reduction to limit strain on natural resources and a fairer distribution globally.
what is a important facts that promotes vertical farming.
By 2050 the population is expected to be over 9 billion people, food production is expected to increase by 50%. Advocates of vertical farming see this as one way to achieve this.
what is vertical farming?
Vertical farming is the practice of growing produce in vertically stacked layers, commonly in urban areas. The practice often involves using hydroponic or aeroponic growing methods.
how do farmers use vertical farming and what type of light do they use?
Most vertical farms use enclosed structures similar to greenhouses that stack vertically, either directly above each other or staggered for better natural light exposure (however most uses LED lighting). If farmers are careful enough no insects or pests should get into the farms.
Vertical farming typically uses a mix of natural light and artificial light. Artificial lighting is often LED-based and may be driven by a renewable source such as solar or wind turbines (not always the case). Control software often rotates racks of plants so each receives the same amount of light.
what are the advantages of vertical farming?
it allows for MAXIMUM YEILD, reduces transportation costs, uses very minimal water, takes up a smaller pirimiter, no pests, reduces food miles and carbon footprint.