5.2 Changing identities and cultures Flashcards
what is culture by Raymond Williams definition?
He is a writer and said it was ‘the structure of feeling’
what is the general affect of increased global interactions on culture?
culture changes and evolves naturally; global interactions have just accelerated the rate of cultural change in many places.
What are some cultual trait you need to know about?
language, food, clothing, religion, traditions
how would you describe someone who is part of the ‘global culture’ aka a person part of a proportion of the worlds population who have a large number of things in common?
under age of 30
wears jeans
listens to rock or rap music
uses social media
enjoyes buyng branded clothing
can hold conversation in Engkish, French, spanish, Mandarin and Arabic.
define global culture?
a shared sense of belonging at a planatary scale that is demmonstated through common ways of communicating, cosnuming media dn food, dressing or behaving, including shared social norms such as commitment to upholding human right.
what are the ways a powerful countiy spread their culture globally?
TNCS - The global dispersal of food, clothes and other goods by TNCs has played a major role in shaping a common culture. Some Western corporations, like Nike, Apple and Lego, have ‘rolled’ out uniform products globally, bringing cultural changes to places.
Global Media- Media giant Disney has exported its stories of superheroes and princesses everywhere, along with stories of Christmas (originally a Western Christian festival). The BBC continues to help the UK maintain its high level of global cultural influence. Important non-Western influences on global culture and media include India’s Bollywood and Japan’s notable children’s TV such as Pokemon.
migration and tourism- migration brings great cultural changes to places. Europeans travelled widely around the world during the age of empires, taking their languages and customs with them. Today, tourists introduce changes to distant places they visit. Western tourists have helped diffuse western cultural values to different places; increasingly, Chinese and Indian tourists are spreading their own culture.
what is one stricking manifiestation of global cukture you may want to address?
the contiuned rise of a few languges at the expense of many less well-known ones.
Globalisation and global urbanization have ment a few global languages increasingly dominate:
95% of the worlds population speak one of just 400 langauges, each spoken by millions of people.
Minor lanagues are dying out
linguistic diversity is declining worldwide as fast as biodversity - about 30% since 1970
what is globish?
exisitng alongside the eight major languages is a wildly spoekn subset of English called Globish.
the term discribes a stripped down vocabulary consisiting of just 1500 words used by 4 billion poeple.
what porpose does Globish serve?
a purely utlitarian purpose by proving global citizens with the means they need to extange vital information such as travl directions or temrs of busines..
who might globao citizens be that use globish?
they are involved in global interactions:
tourists, international migrants, international business community, social network users,
who has a long histroy of adopting globish?
1) international migrant arriving in English speaking counies (Mexico USA)
2) the citizens of more than 60 ex British colonies
3) also counties that lack a strong affinity to British or American culture such as Japan China and Brazil, this is because:
english as dominated internte communication from its outset.
english has enjoyed a supra-national rise as the bglobal language of business due to english speaking USA super power
how are migrent flows affecting cities?
both in past and current era they have bught great chnages to the cultural and ethnic composition of world cities.
can you give an example of migrent flow affecting cities?
Compotition from rich overseas ‘asset’ buyser has been a major contributing factor to the stratospheric rise in house prices in london and many other wolf cities since the 2000.
A recond sale price of US$200 million was achived for a flaty in london fashinable One Hyde park development in 2014: the annomonus buyer was largly belived to be russian.
what has been the result of French and Russian acuqisition of property in central London?
neighrhood chracter is changing to create new ETHNOSCAPES.
Resturants have begun to serve pickled herring, snails and other decidedly ‘non-British’ menue items.
The number of french nationals living in London makes it Franses sixth biggest city in temrs of population. The french goverment estimates 300,000 to 400,000 french live in London exheeding the number of inhabitants in Bordeaux and Strasbourg.
what other communities can you find in London? and how might we further subdivide them?
Elsewhere in london are communities drawn from almost every county in the world, from Somalia to Romania.
Communities with particular natioanl backgrounds may be furthere subdevided according to religion: Indian muslims and Sikh communities have their own residentional patterns in lonodn.
what are the first impornt point of critical thinking you should employ when looking at the cultural diveristy at city scale?
1) although global interactions and commonly associated with the lessoning of cultural diversity at a global; scale, we are also seeing unprecidented levels of cultural diversity within particular world cities that are hubs for international migration.
The andswer to the question ‘what is the effect of global interactions on cutural divseiy’ therefore varies according to what geogrpahical scale we are looking at.
what are the second impornt point of critical thinking you should employ when looking at the cultural diveristy at city scale?
history shows that levles of diversity at the local levle may lessen as time passes. For insrtanse around 70% of popel in Lonodn identify themselsves as being ‘white-British’. Yet this community was orgininalky far from cultural homogenous. (Viking, Anglo-Saxon, Celtic, Roman and Norman).
Over time these diverse migrant groups combine in a cultural melting pot through cultural intermixing and mageage.
discuss how cultural diversity may differ at national scales?
Some states have a strong single cultural identity while others do not. Often states are home to a range of different ethnic, religious or national communities.
The relative isolation of some island communities such as Iceland may support cultural homogeneity.
In contrast, Singapore’s geographical location combined with its liberal migration rules encurages migration and the cultural diversity that it brings.
