Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Occupational Therapy Assistant > F&A II Ch. 6,8, 9,22, 30 Terminologies > Flashcards

F&A II Ch. 6,8, 9,22, 30 Terminologies Flashcards

1
Q

The ability to regulate or direct movement is…

A

Motor control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Movement is a function of interactions among the neuromuscular system, environment, cognition, & task is…

A

Dynamical systems theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Automatic, involuntary (nonintentional) movements that together provide stability & mobility during activity is…

A

Postural mechanisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Tonus in the neck, trunk, & limbs is…

A

Postural Tone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Continuous state of mild contraction, or state of readiness of a specific muscle is…

A

Muscle Tone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Also called flaccidity, a decrease in muscle tone is…

A

Hypotonicity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Also called spasticity, an increase in muscle tone is…

A

Hypertonicity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Increase in muscle tone in the agonist & antagonist muscles simultaneously is…

A

Rigidity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Involuntary, innate motor responses elicited by specific sensory stimuli are…

A

Primitive reflexes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The reflex of extending the arms (such as when off balance or falling) is…

A

Protective extension reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Maintaining or restoring the normal position of the head in space (eyes parallel to the horizon) & its normal relationship with the trunk & limbs are…

A

Righting reactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Maintain & restore balance in all activities are…

A

Equilibrium reactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Multisensory integration organizes input coming from multiple modalities, such as propioception, vision, auditory system, tactile, olfactory, vestibular system, interoception, or taste is…

A

Sensory Processing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The ability to control movement at each joint is…

A

Selective movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

A model of progressive changes in motor function & behavior during the motor recovery process is recognized in…

A

Brunnstrom’s stages of motor recovery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Consists of facilitation (increasing muscle tone) or inhibition (decreasing muscle tone) techniques to normalize muscle tone to engage in typical movement patterns by providing cueing techniques at key points of control is…

A

Neurodevelopmental treatment (NDT)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The harmonious interaction of muscles throughout the limb that allows for the production of accurate controlled movement.

A

Coordination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Lesions of various nerve systems can result in the…

A

Occurence of incoordination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Extent, measured in degrees of a circle, to which movement can occur at a joint is…

A

Range of motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The arc of motion through which the joint passes when moved by an outside force is…

A

Passive range of motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Measuring the maximal contraction of a muscle or muscle group is the…

A

Manual muscle test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The muscle’s ability to work for prolonged periods & resist fatigue is…

A

Muscle endurance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Detecting muscle activity by placing the fingers over the muscle is…

A

Palpation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Over development of muscle is…

A

Hypertrophy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Wasting away of the muscle is…

A

Atrophy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Any force that retards or opposes motion is…

A

Resistance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Reduction of resistance to muscle power by eliminating the effect of gravity is…

A

Gravity eliminated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

A muscle or muscle group attempting to compensate for the function of a weaker muscle to accomplish the desired movement is…

A

Substitution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

The evaluated maximal strength level for a given ROM from a manual muscle test for a given muscle are represented as…

A

Muscle grades

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Resistance applied distally to joint after completing available ROM to break the muscle contraction is known as the…

A

Break test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Primary means of learning about the external world.

A

Sensation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

The return of information about the result of a process or activity.

A

Feedback

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

The ability to detect temperatures related to hot & cold is…

A

Thermal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage.

A

Pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

The sense of smell is conveyed by receptors that lie deep in the nasal cavity.

A

Olfactory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Taste receptor cells are located in the taste buds of tongue, palate, pharynx, epiglottis, and esophagus.

A

Gustatory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Unconscious information about joint position and motion that arises from receptors in the muscles, joint, ligaments, and bone is…

A

Proprioception

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

The mechanism by which the brain recognizes and interprets sensory information received from the environment is…

A

Perception

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

The ability to identify an object through proprioception, cognition, and the sense of touch is…

A

Stereognosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

The inability to recognize objects by touch is…

A

Astereognosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Ability to recognize numbers, letters, or forms written on the skin.

A

Graphesthesia

42
Q

The inability to recognize numbers, letters, or figures written on the skin is

A

Agraphesthesia

43
Q

An awareness of body parts and the position of the body and its parts in relation to themselves and the environment is…

A

Body scheme

44
Q

Diminished awareness and recognition of a body structure or part and cannot determine the body’s part relationship to the rest of his/her body is…

A

Asomatognosia

45
Q

Ability to plan and perform purposeful movement.

A

Praxis

46
Q

A deficit in the ability to perform purposeful movement despite normal motor power, sensation, coordination, and general comprehension is…

A

Apraxia

47
Q

Inability to perform a motor act on command, despite the ability to perform the act automatically.

A

Ideomotor apraxia

48
Q

Deficit in the ability to copy, draw, organize, assemble, or construct a design or parts whether on command or spontaneously is…

A

Constructional apraxia

49
Q

Inability to plan and perform the motor acts necessary to dress oneself.

A

Dressing apraxia

50
Q

Mental process of knowing, including aspects such as awareness, perception, reasoning, and judgement is…

A

Cognition

51
Q

Ongoing awareness of the current situation, the environment, and the passage of time is…

A

Orientation

52
Q

Active process that allows the individual to focus on the environment information & sensations relevant at a particular time is…

A

Attention

53
Q

Cognitive function that allows a person to retain & recall information is…

A

Memory

54
Q

Higher-order reasoning & planning functions such as goal formation, planning, implementing the plan, & effective performance is…

A

Executive functioning

55
Q

To see relationships among objects, events, or ideas; to discriminate relevant from irrelevant detail; or to recognize absurdities is…

A

Abstract thinking

56
Q

Thinking only in a literal manner is…

A

Concrete thinking

57
Q

Process that requires attention, memory, planning, organization, & the ability to reason & make judgments is…

A

Problem solving

58
Q

The ability to process complex information in order to plan strategies & to evaluate established strategies is…

A

Reasoning

59
Q

The act, outcome, or capacity to discern the inward or true nature of a situation, nature of things, or of perceiving in an intuitive manner is…

A

Insight

60
Q

The inability to perform simple calculations is…

A

Dyscalculia

61
Q

Both the primary senses (tactile, deep pressure, pain, propioception, kinesthesia) & the cortical senses (2 point discrimination, stereognosis) make up…

A

Somatosensory

62
Q

Vision, hearing, smell, taste, & balance make up the…

A

Special sensory systems

63
Q

Reception of sensory information through the visual receptors is…

A

Vision

64
Q

Process by which information from vision receptors is integrated by the brain is…

A

Visual perception

65
Q

Interaction between the optical system, which focuses light at the back of the eye on the retina, and the CNS processing, which transforms that light into the visual images seen is…

A

Visual acuity

66
Q

The process by which the eye muscles control eye movements is…

A

Oculomotor control

67
Q

The space or range within which objects are visible to the immobile eyes at a given time is…

A

Visual field

68
Q

Fixating the gaze on an image for as long as required & shifting to other objects as needed is…

A

Visual attention

69
Q

Shifting attention from one vision target to another in smooth succession so that the image may be seen clearly no matter how much the eye moves is…

A

Visual scanning

70
Q

The ability to identify the important features of objects & the environment & to use these features to distinguish an object from its surroundings is…

A

Pattern recognition

71
Q

The ability of the brain to generate an accurate representation of an object via accurate pattern recognition is…

A

Visual memory

72
Q

The highest skill & the ability to manipulate visual information mentally, understand the mental image, & integrate it with other sensory information is…

A

Visual cognition

73
Q

A gradual, painless loss of vision, as if the person is seeing through plastic wrap describes…

A

Cataracts

74
Q

A condition in which the cells of the macula lutea degenerate, resulting in blurred vision and ultimately blindness is…

A

Macular degeneration

75
Q

Loss of vision caused by damage to the optic nerve, usually from increase pressure in the eye is…

A

Glaucoma

76
Q

Affects both eyes and is caused by dilation and leakage of blood from retinal vessels or the growth of abnormal blood vessels on the retina describes…

A

Diabetic Retinopathy

77
Q

A condition in which the cells of the macula lutea degenerate, resulting in blurred vision and ultimately blindness that is age-related is…

A

Age-related macular degeneration

78
Q

Visual field loss on the same side of both eyes, while respecting the vertical midline is…

A

Homonymous hemianopsia

79
Q

The act of noting & recording something is…

A

Observation

80
Q

AROM measurements including extension & flexion

of one body part is…

A

Total active ROM (TAM)

81
Q

PROM measurements including extension & flexion of one body part is…

A

Total passive ROM (TPM)

82
Q

The collection of water & electrolytes in the tissues is…

A

Edema

83
Q

The ability of the hand to function, explore, & interact with the environment depends on…

A

Sensibility

84
Q

Sweating, pain, & temperature discrimination represent…

A

Sympathetic function

85
Q

A textured elastic wrap that may be used to reduce edema is…

A

Coban

86
Q

The employment of short periods of contact with dowel textures, immersion or contact particles, & vibration is…

A

Sensory desensitization

87
Q

Tool for progressive resistive exercise that uses a variety of handle shapes attached to rods with suspended weights that is turned against resistance throughout ROM is a…

A

Weight well

88
Q

6” wide rubber sheet available by the yard & color coded is known as a…

A

Theraband

89
Q

Tendons are kept in a shortened position through splinting or casting is based upon what approach?

A

Immobilization approach

90
Q

Extensor tendons held in extension by dynamic, gentle rubber band traction, allowance of finger flexion, thereby passively moving the repaired extensor tendons is known as…

A

Early passive motion

91
Q

With exception of a Zone 1 injury, allowance of the to tendon to actively move 3 days after surgery falls within the…

A

Early active program

92
Q

Neurapraxia, axonotmesis, & neurotmesis are 3 categories that make up…

A

Peripheral nerve injuries

93
Q

Soft tissue shortening around a joint is a…

A

Contracture

94
Q

A broken bone is known as a…

A

Fracture

95
Q

Painful disorder that occurs in the upper or lower extremity after injury or immobilization is known as…

A

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome, Types 1

96
Q

Injuries or disorders of muscles, nerves, tendons, joints, cartilage, or spinal disks associated with risk factors at the workplace is known as…

A

Cumulative trauma disorders (CTDs)

97
Q

Programs that emphasize a variety of stimuli used in a repetitive manner to bombard the sensory receptors is…

A

Sensory reeducation

98
Q

Contusion or bruise of the nerve is…

A

Neurapraxia

99
Q

Nerve fibers distal to the site of the injury degenerate, but the internal organization of the nerve remains intact is…

A

Axonotmesis

100
Q

Complete laceration of the nerve is…

A

Neurotmesis

101
Q

Painful disorder that occurs in the upper or lower extremity due to a diagnosed nerve injury or immobilization is known as…

A

Complex regional pain syndrome Type 2

102
Q

CRPS is…

A

Complex regional pain syndrome

Occupational Therapy Assistant (30 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions