Eyes, Ears, Nose & Skin Conditions: Common Conditions of the Eyes & Ears Flashcards
Eye drops can be used in the ear, but ear drops can….
not be used in the eyes
open vs closed angle glaucoma
Open = most common type, present without symptoms, treated with drops/surgery
Closed = sharp sudden increase in IOP due blockage. eye pain, headaches, decreased vision and is medical emergency and treated with surgery
Most effective drugs at decreasing IOP?
Prostaglandin analogs
Used once daily
decrease by about ~30%
Opthalmic Beta-blockers preferred if pressure is high in…
one eye (ie Timolol)
iris darkening and eyelash thickening in just one eye isn’t preferred
Prostaglandin analogs
Bimatoprost (Lumigan)
Latanoprost (Xalatan)
Travoprost (Travatan Z)
Prostaglandin analog warnings
darkening of iris and eyelash growth
Prostaglandin analog side effects
Blurred vision
stinging
increased pigmentation of iris/eyelash growth/thickening
Latanopros info
store in fridge before opening, but can be at room temp once opened
Timolol eye gel info
shake once before use and wait 10 min before admin gel if used other eye drops before
Beta-blocker eye drop side effects
burning
stinging
bradycardia/fatigue
bronchospasm
Cholinergics info
increase aqueous humor outflow
poor vision at night due to pupil constriction
Beta-blocker effect on aqueous humor
reduce production
Carbonic Anhydrase inhibitors effect on aqueous humor
reduce aqueous humor production
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor warnings
Sulfonamide allergy - possible cross reactivity
Adrenergic Alpha-2 Agonists effect on aqueous humor
increase aqueous humor outflow
reduce aqueous humor production
