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NAPLEX review 2024 RXPrep Book > Calculations > Flashcards

Calculations Flashcards

1
Q

KCL to Tablets conversion

A

KCL 10% = 20 mEq/15 mL

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2
Q

Calcium Salts elemental calcium conversion

A

Carbonate = 40% elemental calcium
Citrate = 20% elemental calcium

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3
Q

Aminophylline -> Théophylline

A

Multiply by 0.8 (ATM)

T -> A = Divide by 0.8

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4
Q

Statin conversions

A

Pitavastatin = 2mg
Rosuvastation = 5mg
Atorvastation = 10mg
Simvastatin = 20mg
Lovastatin = 40mg
Pravastatin = 40mg
Fluvastatin = 80mg

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5
Q

Metoprolol IV to PO conversion

A

1mg IV = 2.5mg PO

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6
Q

Loop diuretics conversion

A

Bumetanide 1mg = Torsemide 20mg = Furosemide 40mg

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7
Q

Furosemide IV to PO conversion

A

1mg IV = 2mg PO

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8
Q

Iron elemental conversions

A

Sulfate = 20% elemental

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9
Q

Insulin conversions

A

NPH BID -> Glargine QD = 80% of NPH dose
Toujeo -> other Glargine/Detemir = 80% of Toujeo dose

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10
Q

Levothyroxine IV to PO dosing

A

0.75mg IV = 1mg PO

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11
Q

Steroid conversions Methylprednisolone -> Prednisone/Prednisolone

A

4mg Methylpred = 5mg Pred

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12
Q

Lithium Conversions

A

5ml lithium citrate syrup = 300mg lithium carbonate = 8 mEq Li+ ion

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13
Q

Opioid conversions Morphine

A

10mg IV = 30mg Oral

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14
Q

Opioid conversion Hydromorphone

A

1.5mg IV = 7.5mg Oral

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15
Q

Opioid Conversion Oxycodone

A

20mg Oral = 7.5mg Hydromorphone oral = 30mg Morphine oral

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16
Q

Phenytoin total correction for albumin < 3.5

A

Total phenytoin measured / (0.2 X albumin) + 0.1

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17
Q

Ratio strength -> Percent Strength

A

X % strength = 100 / ratio strength

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18
Q

Percent Strength -> Ratio strength

A

Ratio strength = 100 / % Strength

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19
Q

Parts per million -> percent strength

A

Move decimal left 4 places

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20
Q

Percent strength -> Parts per million

A

Move decimal right 4 places

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21
Q

mOsmol/ L calculation

A

[(Wt of substance g/L) / ( MW g/mole)] X (# of particles) X 1,000

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22
Q

E formula

A

[(58.5)(i)] / [(MW of drug)(1.8)]

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23
Q

mols calculation

A

g / MW

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24
Q

mmols calculation

A

mg / MW

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25
Q

mEq formula

A

( mg X valence) / MW or mmols X valence

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26
Q

Fluid Requirement formula

A

Use when wt > 20 kg

1,500 mL + (20mL)(wt in kg - 20)

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27
Q

Total Energy expenditure (TEE) formula

A

BEE X activity factor X Stress factor

28
Q

Activity factors

A

1.2 = non ambulatory / in bed
1.3 = ambulatory/ not in bed

29
Q

Stress factors

A

Minor surgery = 1.2
Infection = 1.4
Major trauma = 1.5
Burns over 30% BSA = 1.5 - 2

30
Q

BMI calculation

A

[weight (lbs) / height (in)^2] X 703

weight (kg) / height (m)^2

31
Q

Calories from carbs/protein

A

4kcal / gram

32
Q

Calories from fat

A

9 kcal / gram

33
Q

Calories from dextrose monohydrate

A

3.4 kcal/gram

34
Q

Calories from amino acid solutions

A

4 kcal/gram

35
Q

Calories from ILE

A

ILE 10% = 1.1 kcal/mL
ILE 20% = 2 kcal/mL
ILE 30% = 3 kcal/mL

36
Q

Grams of nitrogen from protein

A

Protein intake (g) / 6.25

37
Q

Corrected calcium calculation

A

If albumin < 3.5

[Calcium (reported)] + [(4.0 - albumin) X 0.8]

38
Q

ANC calculation

A

WBC X [(% seg + % bands)/100]

39
Q

Temp conversion

A

C = (F - 32)/1.8
F = (C X 1.8) + 32

40
Q

IBW males formula

A

50kg + (2.3 X in over 5ft)

41
Q

IBW female formula

A

45.5 + (2.3 X in over 5ft)

42
Q

CrCl formula

A

[( 140 - age) / (Scr X 72)] X wt (0.85 if female)

43
Q

Adj BW formula

A

IBW + 0.4 (TBW - IBW)

44
Q

How to reduce chances of precipitation from Calcium/Phosphate

A

Use calcium gluconate instead of calcium chloride

add phosphate first

Calcium/Phosphate not to exceed 45 mEq/L

Lower pH = less precipitation

45
Q

Which drugs shouldn’t be crushed and given via feeding tubes

A

Enteric coated
Delayed or extended release
Sublingual or buccal forms
Hazardous drugs

46
Q

General rule for preventing drug-nutrient interactions with tubes

A

hold 1hr before and 1-2hrs after admin of med

47
Q

Drugs that can interact with tube feed nutrients

A

Warfarin
Quinolones/Tetracyclines
Levo
Cipro
Phenytoin

48
Q

BMI classifications

A

< 18.5 = underweight
18.5 - 24.9 = normal weight
25 - 29.9 = over weight
> 30 = obese

49
Q

When TBW < IBW which one do you use

A

TBW for all meds

50
Q

When TBW = IBW or < 120% of IBW which one do you use

A

TBW for most meds

use IBW for Aminophylline/Theophylline/acyclovir/Levo

51
Q

When obese (TBW > 120% IBW) which one do you use

A

IBW for Aminophylline/Theophylline/acyclovir/Levo

TBW for LMWHs,UFH, Vanco

AdjBW for AGs

52
Q

Pt is dehydrated if….

A

BUN: SCr > 20:1

53
Q

Which weight to use when calculating CrCl

A

TBW < IBW = use TBW
TBW = IBW = use IBW
TBW > IBW ( BMI < 25) = use IBW
TBW > IBW (BMI > 25) = use Adj BW

54
Q

Arterial Blood Gas 3 Steps

A
  1. pH < 7.35 -> acidosis, pH > 7.35 -> alkalosis
  2. Respiratory CO2 -> < 35 = alkalosis, > 45 = acidosis
    Metabolic HCO3 -> > 26 = alkalosis, < 22 = acidosis
  3. Match up parts from Step 1 & 2 = answer
55
Q

How to read ABG

A

pH/pCO2/pO2/HCO3/O2 sat
^ ^ ^
important ones (1,2,4)

56
Q

Anion gap formula

A

Na - Cl - HCO3

57
Q

Causes of gap acidosis

A

CUTE DIMPLES

Cyanide, uremia, toluene, ethanol
Diabetic ketoacidosis, isoniazide, methanol, propylene glycol, lactic acidosis, ethylene glycol, salicylates)

58
Q

When is anion gap considered high?

A

> 12 = gap acidosis

59
Q

If pH > pKa then

A

more acid ionized, more conjugated base un-ionized

60
Q

if pH < pKa then…

A

more acid un-ionized, more conjugated base ionized

61
Q

Weak acid formula

A

pH = pKa + Log (salt/acid)

62
Q

Weak base formula

A

pH = pKa + log (Base/salt)

or

pH = (pKw - pKb) + log (Base/salt)

63
Q

% ionization of weak acid

A

(100) / ( 1+ 10^[pKa - pH])

64
Q

% ionization of weak base

A

(100) / ( 1+ 10^[pH- pKa])

65
Q

ANC lvls

A

2,200 - 8,000 = normal
< 1,000 = Neutropenia
< 500 = Severe Neutropenia
< 100 = Profound Neutropenia

66
Q

Calcium citrate to elemental calcium conversion

NAPLEX review 2024 RXPrep Book (78 decks)

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