Dietary Supplements, Natural & Complementary Medicine Flashcards
DHSEA of 1994 Act requires…..
manufactures to ensure that product is safe before they can be sold
once sold, FDA has to prove its UNSAFE if wants to take off market
Manufacturer claims on supplements
Cant make claims that product treats or cure a condition
Health claims limited to nutrient content, relationship to health and impact on normal body structure or function
if make a claim on structure or function, must state in disclaimer that not evaluated by FDA
Folic acid DFE to mcg conversion
Folic acid 600 mcg DFE = 360 mcg folic acid
St. Johns Wort drug interactions
induces CYP450 3A4, 2C19, 1A2 and P-gp = dec lvls of drugs
serotonergic, implanted in serotonin syndrome….dont use with MAOi, SSRIs, SNRIs
photosensitivity
lower seizure threshold
natural medicines that can increase bleeding risk
5 Gs = Garlic, Ginko, Glucosamine, ginger, ginseg
Fish oil at higher doses
Vitamin E
Dong Quai
Willow bark
Natural products that can be hepatotoxic
Back cohosh = used for menopausal symptoms
Kava = stress/anxiety
Green tea extracts
Chaparral, comfrey
Supplements with risk of cardiac toxicity
Ephedra/bitter orange
DMAA
Licorice
Yohimbe
Medical food definition
not medications or supplements
compounds used to meet nutritional need
Commonly used medical foods
L-methylfolate = used for depression
L-methylfolate, B6/B12 = used for neuropathic pain
phosphatidylserine conjugated = mild cognitive impairment
Omega-3 fatty acids = ADHD
Common supplements for Anxiety
Valerian
passionflower
Kava
St. Johns Wort
Chamomile
Common supplements for ADHD
Omega-3 fatty acids
Common supplements for Cold sores
L-Lysine
Common supplements for Cold and Flu
Echinacea
Zinc
Vitamin C
Eucalyptus oil = for congestion
Probiotics
Common supplements for Dementia & Memory
Ginkgo
Vitamin E
Vitamin D
Common supplements for Depression
St. Johns Wort
SAMe
Valerian
5-HTP
Common supplements for Diabetes
Alpha lipoic acid
Chromium
Cassia Cinnamon
Magnesium
American & Pan ginseng
Common supplements for Dyslipidemia
Red yeast rice
Omega-3 Fatty acid “fish oils”
Garlic = controversial
Common supplements for Dyspepsia
Calcium
Magnesium
Peppermint
Chamomile
Common supplements for Energy & weight loss
Bitter orange
Caffeine
Guarana, green tea powder
Common supplements for Erectile Dysfunction
Ginseng
L-arginine
Yohimbe
Common supplements for Heart failure/Heart Health
Coenzyme Q10
Hawthorn
Omega-3 fatty acids
Common supplements for Hypertension
Omega-3 fatty acids “fish oils”
L-arginine
Coenzyme Q10
Garlic = controversial
fiber
potassium
Common supplements for GI health
Fibers
Chamomile
Probiotics
Common supplements for Inflammation
Omega-3 fatty acid “fish oils”
Flax seeds/oil
Turmeric
Common supplements for Insomnia/Sleep
Melatonin
Valerian
Chamomile
Common supplements for Liver Disease
Milk thistle
Common supplements for Menopause
Black cohosh
Dong Quai
Evening primrose oil
Soy, Red clover
Common supplements for Migraine Prophylaxis
Feverfew
Butterbur
Magensium
Riboflavin (B12)
Common supplements for Motion sickness
Ginger
Peppermint
Common supplements for Osteoarthritis
Glucosamine
Chondroitin
SAMe
Turmeric
Common supplements for Osteoporosis
Calcium
Vitamin D
Soy
Common supplements for Prostate Health
Saw palmetto
Lycopene
Common supplements for Skin conditions
Tea tree oil = acne, dandruff, fungal infection
Common supplements for UTI
Cranberry
yogurt/Probiotics
Vitamin A name
Retinol
Vitamin B1 name
Thiamine
Vitamin B2 name
Riboflavin
Vitamin B3 name
Niacin
Vitamin B6 name
Pyridoxine
Vitamin B9 name
Folic Acid
Vitamin B12 name
Cobalamin
Vitamin C name
Asorbic Acid
Vitamin D2 name
Ergocalciferol
Vitamin D3 name
Cholecalciferol
Vitamin E name
Alpha-tocopherol
exclusively breastfed infants who drink less than 1 liter of baby formula per day require how much Vitamin D?
400 IU
Folic acid recommendations
400mcg = women childbearing age
600mcg = during pregnancy
Vitamin E daily max recommended
400 IU
Iron supplement recommendations babies
0-4 months = no sup recommended
4-6 months = formula has enough, breastfed babies 1mg/kg/day
6-12 months = 11mg/day, food sources pref, supplements if needed
1-3 yrs = 7mg/day, food sources pref, supplements if needed
preterm infants = 2mg/kg/day for months 1-12 age
Anti-epileptics cause depletion of…
calcium
Amphotericin B causes depletion of…
Magnesium, potassium
Isoniazid causes depletion of….
Vitamin B6
Loop diuretics cause depletion of…
potassium
Metformin causes depletion of…
B12
Methotrexate causes depletion of…
folate
Orlistat causes depletion of….
Beta-carotene, fat soluble vitamins
PPIs cause depletion of….
Magnesium, B12 with > 2yrs of txm
Recommended supplements for AUD
Vitamin B1
Folate
Recommended supplements for Goiter
Iodine
Recommended supplements for Microcytic anemia
Ferrous sulfate
Recommended supplements for Macrocytic anemia
Vitamin B12 and/or folate
Recommended supplements for pregnancy
Foalte, Calcium, Vitamin D, Pyridoxine for nausea
Recommended supplements for Osteopenia/Osteoporosis
Calcium
Vitamin D
Recommended supplements for CKD
Vitamin D
Recommended supplement for Scurvy
Vitamin C