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NAPLEX review 2024 RXPrep Book > Dietary Supplements, Natural & Complementary Medicine > Flashcards

Dietary Supplements, Natural & Complementary Medicine Flashcards

1
Q

DHSEA of 1994 Act requires…..

A

manufactures to ensure that product is safe before they can be sold

once sold, FDA has to prove its UNSAFE if wants to take off market

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2
Q

Manufacturer claims on supplements

A

Cant make claims that product treats or cure a condition

Health claims limited to nutrient content, relationship to health and impact on normal body structure or function

if make a claim on structure or function, must state in disclaimer that not evaluated by FDA

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3
Q

Folic acid DFE to mcg conversion

A

Folic acid 600 mcg DFE = 360 mcg folic acid

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4
Q

St. Johns Wort drug interactions

A

induces CYP450 3A4, 2C19, 1A2 and P-gp = dec lvls of drugs

serotonergic, implanted in serotonin syndrome….dont use with MAOi, SSRIs, SNRIs

photosensitivity

lower seizure threshold

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5
Q

natural medicines that can increase bleeding risk

A

5 Gs = Garlic, Ginko, Glucosamine, ginger, ginseg
Fish oil at higher doses
Vitamin E
Dong Quai
Willow bark

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6
Q

Natural products that can be hepatotoxic

A

Back cohosh = used for menopausal symptoms
Kava = stress/anxiety
Green tea extracts
Chaparral, comfrey

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7
Q

Supplements with risk of cardiac toxicity

A

Ephedra/bitter orange
DMAA
Licorice
Yohimbe

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8
Q

Medical food definition

A

not medications or supplements

compounds used to meet nutritional need

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9
Q

Commonly used medical foods

A

L-methylfolate = used for depression

L-methylfolate, B6/B12 = used for neuropathic pain
phosphatidylserine conjugated = mild cognitive impairment
Omega-3 fatty acids = ADHD

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10
Q

Common supplements for Anxiety

A

Valerian
passionflower
Kava
St. Johns Wort
Chamomile

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11
Q

Common supplements for ADHD

A

Omega-3 fatty acids

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12
Q

Common supplements for Cold sores

A

L-Lysine

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13
Q

Common supplements for Cold and Flu

A

Echinacea
Zinc
Vitamin C
Eucalyptus oil = for congestion
Probiotics

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14
Q

Common supplements for Dementia & Memory

A

Ginkgo
Vitamin E
Vitamin D

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15
Q

Common supplements for Depression

A

St. Johns Wort
SAMe
Valerian
5-HTP

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16
Q

Common supplements for Diabetes

A

Alpha lipoic acid
Chromium
Cassia Cinnamon
Magnesium
American & Pan ginseng

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17
Q

Common supplements for Dyslipidemia

A

Red yeast rice
Omega-3 Fatty acid “fish oils”
Garlic = controversial

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18
Q

Common supplements for Dyspepsia

A

Calcium
Magnesium
Peppermint
Chamomile

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19
Q

Common supplements for Energy & weight loss

A

Bitter orange
Caffeine
Guarana, green tea powder

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20
Q

Common supplements for Erectile Dysfunction

A

Ginseng
L-arginine
Yohimbe

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21
Q

Common supplements for Heart failure/Heart Health

A

Coenzyme Q10
Hawthorn
Omega-3 fatty acids

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22
Q

Common supplements for Hypertension

A

Omega-3 fatty acids “fish oils”
L-arginine
Coenzyme Q10
Garlic = controversial
fiber
potassium

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23
Q

Common supplements for GI health

A

Fibers
Chamomile
Probiotics

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24
Q

Common supplements for Inflammation

A

Omega-3 fatty acid “fish oils”
Flax seeds/oil
Turmeric

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25
Q

Common supplements for Insomnia/Sleep

A

Melatonin
Valerian
Chamomile

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26
Q

Common supplements for Liver Disease

A

Milk thistle

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27
Q

Common supplements for Menopause

A

Black cohosh
Dong Quai
Evening primrose oil
Soy, Red clover

28
Q

Common supplements for Migraine Prophylaxis

A

Feverfew
Butterbur
Magensium
Riboflavin (B12)

29
Q

Common supplements for Motion sickness

A

Ginger
Peppermint

30
Q

Common supplements for Osteoarthritis

A

Glucosamine
Chondroitin
SAMe
Turmeric

31
Q

Common supplements for Osteoporosis

A

Calcium
Vitamin D
Soy

32
Q

Common supplements for Prostate Health

A

Saw palmetto
Lycopene

33
Q

Common supplements for Skin conditions

A

Tea tree oil = acne, dandruff, fungal infection

34
Q

Common supplements for UTI

A

Cranberry
yogurt/Probiotics

35
Q

Vitamin A name

A

Retinol

36
Q

Vitamin B1 name

A

Thiamine

37
Q

Vitamin B2 name

A

Riboflavin

38
Q

Vitamin B3 name

A

Niacin

39
Q

Vitamin B6 name

A

Pyridoxine

40
Q

Vitamin B9 name

A

Folic Acid

41
Q

Vitamin B12 name

A

Cobalamin

42
Q

Vitamin C name

A

Asorbic Acid

43
Q

Vitamin D2 name

A

Ergocalciferol

44
Q

Vitamin D3 name

A

Cholecalciferol

45
Q

Vitamin E name

A

Alpha-tocopherol

46
Q

exclusively breastfed infants who drink less than 1 liter of baby formula per day require how much Vitamin D?

A

400 IU

47
Q

Folic acid recommendations

A

400mcg = women childbearing age
600mcg = during pregnancy

48
Q

Vitamin E daily max recommended

A

400 IU

49
Q

Iron supplement recommendations babies

A

0-4 months = no sup recommended

4-6 months = formula has enough, breastfed babies 1mg/kg/day

6-12 months = 11mg/day, food sources pref, supplements if needed

1-3 yrs = 7mg/day, food sources pref, supplements if needed

preterm infants = 2mg/kg/day for months 1-12 age

50
Q

Anti-epileptics cause depletion of…

A

calcium

51
Q

Amphotericin B causes depletion of…

A

Magnesium, potassium

52
Q

Isoniazid causes depletion of….

A

Vitamin B6

53
Q

Loop diuretics cause depletion of…

A

potassium

54
Q

Metformin causes depletion of…

A

B12

55
Q

Methotrexate causes depletion of…

A

folate

56
Q

Orlistat causes depletion of….

A

Beta-carotene, fat soluble vitamins

57
Q

PPIs cause depletion of….

A

Magnesium, B12 with > 2yrs of txm

58
Q

Recommended supplements for AUD

A

Vitamin B1
Folate

59
Q

Recommended supplements for Goiter

A

Iodine

60
Q

Recommended supplements for Microcytic anemia

A

Ferrous sulfate

61
Q

Recommended supplements for Macrocytic anemia

A

Vitamin B12 and/or folate

62
Q

Recommended supplements for pregnancy

A

Foalte, Calcium, Vitamin D, Pyridoxine for nausea

63
Q

Recommended supplements for Osteopenia/Osteoporosis

A

Calcium
Vitamin D

64
Q

Recommended supplements for CKD

A

Vitamin D

65
Q

Recommended supplement for Scurvy

A

Vitamin C

NAPLEX review 2024 RXPrep Book (78 decks)

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