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Mona Practice :) > Eye And Ears > Flashcards

Eye And Ears Flashcards

1
Q

Pilocarpine uses?

A

ttt of open angle glaucoma emergency

Xerostomia -dry mouth

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2
Q

Doc for open angle glaucoma

A

Timolol

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3
Q

Mention eye disorders

A

Blepharitis=inflammation of eyelid margin
Hordeolum=style=دمل Staphy. aureus
Chalazion=granuloma in eyelid surrounding area Not infectious
Conjunctivitis=Bacterial/viral/allergic
Age related macular degeneration =degeneration of macular in central vision
Cataract=cloudy eye lens,vision obstruction
Glaucoma

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4
Q

What are the three different types of conjuctivitis?

A

Bacterial=Red eye + pus
Viral= Red eye+ clear discharge
Allergic=Red eye+clear discharge+ itching

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5
Q

Treatment of bacterial conjuctivitis?

A

Caused by:S.aureus, S.pneumonia,H.influenze
Non-Rx=polymixin B/gramicidin eye drops
Polymixin B/ bacitracin ointment
Rex therapy= Trimethoprim/ polymixin B eye drops
Erythromycin ointment
Bacitracin ointment
Sulfacetamide 10%drops

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6
Q

Treatment of Viral conjuctivitis?

A

Adenovirus/HSV
NonRx=oral decongestant
Oral lubricant
Rx ttt=Trifluridine, acyclovir, famciclovir, valacyclovir (oral)

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7
Q

Treatment of allergic conjuctivitis?

A

Cold compression
Artificial tears
Levocabastine; emedastine ;olopatadine (antihistamine)
Nedocromil: lodoxamide (mast cell stabilizers)
Ketrolac

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8
Q

List drugs that cause dry eyes?

A 
Anticholinergics
B blockers
Diuretics
Niacin
Antihistamines first generation
Antipsychotics -phenothiazine
Tricyclics antidepressants-amitriptyline
Isotretinoin
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9
Q

What are the drugs that cause discoloration of contact lenses?

A 
Dopamine
Tetracycline 
Rifampin
Nitrofurantoin
Phenazopyridine
Pyrantel pamoate
Sulfasalazine
Phenolphthalein
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10
Q

What are the photoreceptors in eyes?

A 
Cones= sensitive to day light/colors (Iodopsin)/ less in number/less sensitive 
Rods= dim light (Rhodopsin) High in number/more sensitive

Cones and Rods are not present on OPTIC DiSk=Blind spot

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11
Q

Treatment of glaucoma

A

B blocker = Timolol (dec aq. humor formation)
CA inhibitor = acetazolamide/dorzolomide (dec aq. humor formation)
Prostaglandin analogues = Inc outflow
Cholinergic agonist = Inc outflow

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12
Q

What does OD, OS, OU means?

A

OD =right eye
OS =left eye
OU =both eyes

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13
Q

What are the post operative medication for cataract?

A
  1. Antibiotics (Floroquinolons, aminoglycosides,miscellaneous)
  2. Dilators/Cycloplegics( Cyclopentolate, phenylephrine, Tropicamide)
  3. Anti inflammatory ( corticosteroids,NSAIDS)
  4. Glaucoma medication
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14
Q

Causes of Cold Sores and treatment

A

Cold sores Herpes labialis HSV1 (Fever blisters)
Transmitted by direct contact
OTC ( Abreva; Docasanol)
Topical anasthetic (benzocaine; tetracaine)
Cold sore balm (camphor, Menthol,benzylalcohol)
Burrow solution
Cold compression
Sunscreen SPF=15 (sunlight is trigger)
Lipactin = heparin Na& Zn sulphate

RX Acyclovir ointment

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15
Q

What is the cause of canker sores (aphothous stomatitis)?

A 
Stretococcus Sanguis, also from poor fitted dentures, spicy food
Treatment:
topical anesthetic
Emollients
chlorohexidine mouth wash
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16
Q

What causes dental carriers?

A

Streptococcus Mutans

Treatment
Tooth paste
Mouth wash
Triclosan

17
Q

What cause trench mouth?

A

Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis ANUG

Caused by spirochetes and fusiform microorganisms

18
Q

What cause otitis external? And treatment?

A

Staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa

Treatment CDC
Ciprofloxacin
Doxycycline
Ceftriaxone

19
Q

What causes otitis media? And treatment?

A

Streptococcus pneumonia, Heamophilus influenza, Morexella catarrhalis

Treatment
Amoxicillin
High dose amoxicillin
Cefuroxime axetil, cefprozil
ceftriaxone
Allergy Azithromycin, Clarithromycin
Clindamycin
20
Q

List different optic disorders

A
  1. Excessive ear wax
  2. Altitude and ear pressure
  3. Otitis external/ Swimmer ear
  4. Otitis Media
  5. Vertigo
21
Q

What is blepharitis and treatment ?

A

Inflammation of eyelid margin
Eye lid hygiene
Warm Compression

22
Q

Drugs that are contraindicated in Glaucoma.

A

Anticholinergics (Atropine, benzotropine)
TCA (Amitriptyline)
1st generation antihistamine
Sympathomimetics (Phenylephrine, pseudoephedrine in narrow angle)
Levodopa
Stimulants (Amphitamines, Methylphenidate,Atomoxetine)
Corticosteroids
BDZs

23
Q

What is present in the cleansing solution of contact lens to remove Proteinous Materials

A

Papain
Pancreatic
Subtilism

24
Q

Why are surfactants used in contact lens solutions

A

Remove fat, oil and mucus
Remove deposits
Destroy MO

Mona Practice :) (24 decks)

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