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Mona Practice :) > Anti cancer drugs > Flashcards

Anti cancer drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What can be used for treatment of anti cancer drugs related neutropenia?

A

Filgrastim, Sargramostin

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2
Q

How to treat anti cancer related anemia.

A

Erythropoietin

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3
Q

How to protect from cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin.

A

Dexrazoxane= Iron chelation

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4
Q

Examples of antimetabolite anti cancer agents?

A

CCS= Cell cycle specific drugs
S phase
Folic acid antagonist= methotrexate
Purine= mercaptopurine,thioguanine,fludarabine, cladarabine
Pyramidine=5florouracil, capecetabine, floxuridine, cytarabine, gemcitabine

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5
Q

How to protect from the extravasation of Mechlorethanolamine ?

A

Add isotonic sodium thiosulphite to inactivate drug

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6
Q

List the monoclonal Antibodies used for cancer treatment?

A 
Trastuzumab = HER2 inhibitor 
Rituximab= CD 20 antigen in B cells  
Bevacizumab = Vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF
Cetuximab = Epidermal growth factor receptor EGFR
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7
Q

What are the drugs that interact with 6mercaptopurine?

A

Feboxustat and allopurinol (Xanthine oxidase inhibitors) so we have to reduce dose of 6 mercaptopurine

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8
Q

What is the mechanism of action of 5 flurouracil?

A

It is prodrug ( not oral) that inhibit thymidylate synthase
Topically or IV

NB. Leucovorin potentiate its mechanism of action

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9
Q

Name two prodrugs of florouracil?

A

Capecitabine

Floxuridine

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10
Q

What are the classes of alkylating anti-cancer agents ?

Cell cycle non specific.

A

Nitrogen mustard = Mechlorethanolamine, cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, chlorambucil
Nitrosourea= Carmustine, Lomustine
Platinum compounds=cisplatin,carboplatin

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11
Q

Give examples of Topoisomerase I enzyme inhibitors.

A

Irinotecan
Topotecan

S phase specific
Camptothecin derivatives

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12
Q

Give two examples of Topoisomerase II inhibitors?

A

Etoposide
Teniposide
Block cell in S to G2 phases

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13
Q

How to prevent hemorrhage cystitis?

A

Adequate hydration

MESNA

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14
Q

What are the cell cycle phases?

A 
Go= resting
G1=Synthesis of enzymes for DNA synthesis
S=DNA replication
G2= Synthesis of components for mitosis
M= mitotic tubule formation
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15
Q

Example of a steroidal inhibitor of aromatase enzyme? List side effects?

A

Exemestane

Nausea, hot flashes, Acne, Hair changes

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16
Q

Non steroidal/ Imidazole aromatase inhibitors

A

Anastrazole

Letrozole

17
Q

What are the different classes of anti cancer agents?

A

Antimetabolites (Folic acid antagonist/purine antagonist/pyrimidine antagonist)
Plant alkaloids (Vinca, taxanes, camptothecin, podophyllotoxin)
Antibiotics(Anthracyclines, miscellaneous)
Hormones
Monoclonal antibodies

18
Q

Alkylating agents associated with hemorrhagic cystitis due to release of acroline?

A

Cyclophosphamide

Ifosphamide

19
Q

Used to treat insulinomas

A

Streptozocin

20
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Vince alkaloids?

A

Prevent assembly of tubulin to form microtubules.

21
Q

What is the mechanism of action of paclitaxel, docetaxel ( Taxane family)?

A

Prevent the disassembly of microtubules into tubulin

22
Q

How to manage xerostomia (dry mouth) associated with radiation therapy?

A

Sugar free candy, sugar free gum, ice chips,saliva substitute, pilocarpine 5mg tab

23
Q

How can u manage thrombocytopenia?

A

Oprelvekin (interleukin 11)

24
Q

Least bone marrow depression anti cancer.

A

Bleomycin

25
Q

What anticancer agents are associated with congestive Herat failure risk?

A 
Doxorubicin
Danuorubicin
Epirubicin
Mitoxantrone
Trastuzumab
26
Q

Doc for treatment if delayed nausea and vomiting ?

A

Dexamethasone

27
Q

Drug of choice for anticipatory nausea and vomiting?

A

Benzodiazepines

28
Q

Which anticancer drugs are associated with pulmonary toxicity?

A

Methotrexate, Bleomycin, carmustine, cyclophosphamide, mitomycin, Vinca alkaloids

29
Q

What is the difference between hypertrophic and hyperplasia

A

HyperTROPY is increase in cell SIZE.

HyperPLASIA is increase in cell NUMBER.

30
Q

What are the side effects of SERM Tamoxifen?

A 
Hot flashes
Hypercalcemia
Vaginal bleeding
Thromboembolism
Endometrial cancer
31
Q

Give 3 examples of non-steroidal anti androgens used for treatment of prostate cancer?

A

Bicalutamide oral
Nilutamide oral
Flutamide oral

32
Q

What are the characteristics of Tumor lysis syndrome?

A 
Hypocalcemia
Hyperkalemia
Hyperurecimia
Hyperphosphotemia
Renal failure
33
Q

Name an anti angiogenesis monoclonal antibody?

A

Bevacizumab humanize monoclonal antibody

34
Q

What are the different types of monoclonal antibodies?

A

Momab=murine
Ximab=chimeric
Zumab= humanized
Mumab=human

35
Q

Malignant neoplasm categories

A 
Skin= malignant melanoma
Epithelium=carcinoma
Endothelium=kaposis sarcoma 
Connective tissue= sarcoma
Lymphoid tissue=lymphoma
Bone marrow=leukemia
36
Q

Anti cancer with least bone marrow depression?

A

Bleomycin

37
Q

Agent used to protect the kidney from the nephrotoxicity of cisplatin?

A

Amifostine

38
Q

Anti cancer alkylating agents that release Carole in that damage the kidney?

A

Cyclophosphamide

ifosfamide

39
Q

Anti cancer drugs that cause pulmonary toxicity.

A

Bleomycin
Methotrexate
Carmustine
Mitomycin

Mona Practice :) (24 decks)

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