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Semio > extremitate cefalica > Flashcards

extremitate cefalica Flashcards

1
Q

semnul lui Jacoud

A

eritemul pometului de partea pneumoniei – procesul pneumonic poate afecta gg stelat de acea parte, cu activarea simpaticului

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2
Q

craniul in turn

A

in anemii congenitale - anemia sferocitara
talasemii
sd rendu osler

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3
Q

semn Hertoghe

A

piereder pilozitate in 1/3 ext a spranceanei in hipotiroidism

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4
Q

faciez mitral

A

in reumatismul art acut
pometi rosii
buze usor cianotice

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5
Q

facies Shattuck

A

tot in RAA dar asociaza si insuficienta tricuspidiana
icter + cianoza ->culoare verziue a fetei

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6
Q

facies pletoric

A

hipertensivi
congestie fata
extazii la niv feteo
seaman cu faciesul alcoolic

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7
Q

facies elfin

A

cardiopatii congenitale - mai ales stenoza aortica
urechi ascultite
nas alungit
ochi mai aporpiati

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8
Q

sclerodermie facies

A

facie de icoana bizantina
fara expresie, imobila
buza subtiri
piele groasa, mana fara incretiruti, HD fibrozat
esofagul de sticla!! fara relief

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9
Q

LEritematos

A

eritem localizat
in fluture

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10
Q

facies vultuos

A

congestiaa fetei in boli febrile

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11
Q

Facies hipocratic

A

in bolile digestive – apare tardiv, la bolnavii cu ocluzie intestinala sau peritonita, prin deshidratare foarte mare
ochii sunt dusi in fundul capului
nasul e ascutit

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12
Q

exoftalmie bilaterala

A

hipertiroidie - edem al grasimii retrobulbare

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13
Q

exoftalmie unilaterala

A

leucemie
tumori retrobulbare

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14
Q

enoftalmie bilaterala

A

in deshidratari mari

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15
Q

enoftalmia unilaterala

A

sd Claude-Bernard-Horner

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16
Q

ptoza palpebrala bilaterala

A

miastenia gravis

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17
Q

ptoza palpebrala unilaterala

A

afectare nIII
sd claude- Bernard

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18
Q

ectropion

A

la batrani
t conj se atrofiaza - pleopa inf proemina in afara - lacrimile curg pe fata - epifora

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19
Q

entropion

A

din cauza cicatricilor pleopa inf intra in ochi, genele lezeaza corneea, se poate ajunge la orbire

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20
Q

edem palpebral

A

sd nefrotic, edem mixedematos
local - edem alergic/ inflamator
herniere grasime

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21
Q

xantelasma

A

depundere grasime in unghiul intern al pleopei/lor
placa bn circumscrisa, neregulata

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22
Q

xantelasma la tineri

A

marker hipercolesterolemie

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23
Q

hordeolum - ulcior

A

infectie folicul pilos

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24
Q

inflamatie gl Meibomius de pe margine palpebrala

A

chalazion

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25
Q

dacriocistita

A

inflamare sac lacrimal in unghiul intern

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26
Q

examen gat

A

gg limf
trahee
tiroida
vase mari cervicale

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27
Q

palpare artera carotida

A

anterior de SCM, in dreptul cartilajului tiroid

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28
Q

artere vertebrale ausucultatie

A

in fosele supraclaviculare

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29
Q

vene jugulare superficiale inspectie

A

traverseaza SCM

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30
Q

hidrocefalie

A

cutia cr mare
fontanelele anormal de pari si persistente cand ar trb sa fie inchise

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31
Q

hidrocefalia interna

A

LCR in sistem ventricular acumulat dupa inchiderea fontenelelor
craniul are dim normale
se comprima parenchimul cerebral - suferinta neurologica seciundara
sauu la batrani dim cauza atrofiei cerebrale

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32
Q

craniul rahitic - def diferite

A

cr olimpian - proem oase frontale
oxicefalia - proem suturile mediane ale boltii

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33
Q

sd Claude Bernard -Homer

A

cauza - cancer de vf pulmonar care afecteaza gg stelat simpatoc ce inerveaza ochiul
- enoftalmie
- ptoza palpebrala
- mioza

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34
Q

leucom

A

opacifiere albicioasa a corneei

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35
Q

gerontoxonul

A

opacitate albicioasa liniara in marginea corneei
din cazua depunerilor de lipide
la tineri - semnif dislipidemie

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36
Q

pterigionul

A

ingrosare vascularizata
fara triunghiului cu baza spre unghiul nazal

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37
Q

iridociclita acuta

A

inflamatie a irisului si corp ciliar
in boli oculare si sistemice
eritem perilimbic prin VD - ca la lezare cornee
+ PUPILA MIOTICA, uneori neregulata in contur si durere profunda!!!

38
Q

glaucom acut

A

coloratie eritematoasa perilimbica prin VD
midriaza
durere intensa
scadere a vederii

39
Q

mioza bilaterala

A

prea mici pupilele, imobile

40
Q

mioza bilat cauze

A

accidente vasc pontine
morfina si alte derivate
trat glaucom cu pilocarpina - mioza persistenta

41
Q

midriaza bilat cauze

A

PD, fixe
intox cu atropina, glutetimid
intox cu ciuperci
acc crebrale grave
dc apare in timpul resuscitarii - semn moarte cerebrala

42
Q

anizocoria

A

ineg pupilara
leg gg stelat - sd CBH
afectare n III comun
lez asimetrica TC

43
Q

sd Argyii-Roberston

A

pupila miotica
contur nereg
areactive la lumina
DAR reactuve la distanta
in sifilis cerebral - tabes

44
Q

amauroza unilat periferica - orbire perif

A

af retina, nerv, tract
pupila areactiva -> nu e nicio reactie nici la celalat ochi

45
Q

amauroza centrala

A

ai reflexele pastrate
dc e pierduta complet vederea apare un tip de strabism neparalitic - ochi deviat in sus si afara

46
Q

coloboma

A

absenta o parte din iris
nereg pupila
congenitala sau dupa op de cataracta

47
Q

strabism cinvergent

A

esotropie

48
Q

strabism divergent

A

exotropie

49
Q

strabism neparalitic

A

in copilarie
ineg de tonus sau lungime m extrinseci

50
Q

strabism paralitic

A

lezare nIII
da diplopie la poz strabica a ochilor

51
Q

nasul in piciorus de ceaun

A

piramida absente si vf ridicat proeminent
in sifilisul congenital

52
Q

pct dureroase sinuzita nu treb confundate cu

A

pct de emergenta a rr suborbitala si fruntala a lui V care dor in nevralgia trigeminala

53
Q

cheiloza angulara

A

avitaminoza B2
fisuri dureroase in coltul gurii

54
Q

mucocelul buzei

A

f bn del, rotunda, nedureroasa
un chist cu mucus diferit de un angiom
de obicei albastru

55
Q

pete pigmentare pe buze si muc bucala in

A

sd Peutz-Jeghers - + polipi int

56
Q

angioedemul buzei

A

edem quincke
r alergica cu apariti brutala
poate aparea la fel la lartinge cu implicatii severe - obstructie prin edem

57
Q

angina virala

A

date de virusuri
- eritem muc val palatin. pilierii si lueta
- vezicule si ulceratii policiclice
- unerori acoperite cu dep albicioase
- dureroase

58
Q

angina virala 2

A
  • foliculi limf proeminenti pe peretele post al F
  • amigdale eritem, hipertrofie si poate depozite albicioase
59
Q

angine virale exemple

A

herpanginele date de Coxsackie
mononucleoza infectioasa are in plus lez hemoragice pe papaltul moale si adenopatiile laterocerv si suboccipitale

60
Q

anginele bacteriene

A
  • eritem palat. pilieri, faringe
  • ulceratii acoperite de dep purulente
    Exsudat faringiana pt dif bactrie/virus
61
Q

stomatita micotica

A
  • eritem discret al muc acoperita de dep albicioase
62
Q

Petele Fordyce

A

mici puncte galbui pe muc jugala
alte loc gen buze
retentie a gl sebacee fara semnif

63
Q

leucoplakia

A

mucoasa alba, cu aspect uscat, bn del
leziune precanceroasa

64
Q

cancer de amigdala

A

hipertrofie unilaterala, ulcerata
nedureroasa

65
Q

limba saburala

A

depozitul alb e mai gros = dep de descuamare
- stari grave
- boli febrile

66
Q

limba geografica

A

unele zone sunt depapilate
e ok

67
Q

limba fisurata/scrotala

A

are santuri
e ok

68
Q

limba depapilata

A

neteda, rosu aprins
deficit de B12 - anemie pericinoasa = Glosita Hunter
anemie feripriva
deficit de alte vit B

69
Q

glosita Hunter

A

anemie pericinoasa - def B12

70
Q

limba zmeurie

A

rosie, cu suprafata granulara
hipertrofie papile filiforme
-scarlatina

71
Q

limba neagra, paroasa

A

posterior, in zona mediana se innegreste
papilele sunt alungite
e ok

72
Q

leucoplakia

A

pe margini sau fata inferioara mai frecvent
lez precanceroasa

73
Q

leucoplakia paroasa

A

placa alba, uscata, viloasa
pe margini
in SIDA

74
Q

cancer lingual

A

la baza sau pe laturile limbii
nedureroasa

75
Q

deviere vf limbala proturzie

A

paralizie hipoglos
deviere de partea cu paralizia

76
Q

gingivita

A

inflamatie si tumefiere care evolueaza spre parodontita

77
Q

gingivita necrozanta

A

acuta, dureroasa
in boli grave, cu scadere mare a apararii antiinfectioasa - leucemii acute

78
Q

stomatita Vincent - gingivita necrozanta

A

gingii tumefiata si ulcerate
false mb cenusii pe zonele lezate

79
Q

hipertrofia gingivala

A

in sarcina
in leucemie uneori

80
Q

lizereu gingival

A

coloratie albastra-negricioasa dipsusa pe marginea gg
in intox cronice cu metale grele - pb, bismut

81
Q

pigmentare melanica a gingiilor

A

discromie difuza
boala Addison

82
Q

dintii Hutchinson

A

dinti deformati
troconici, mici
in SIFILISUL congenital

83
Q

marire in vol unilaterala a gl

A

tumora b sau m

84
Q

marire in vol unilaterala a gl accentuata postprandial + durere

A

litiaza canalului salivar cu colica severa si obstructie canaliculara

85
Q

parotidita acuta supurata

A

marire in vol unilatr
dureroasa
scurgere puroi canal Stenon
in boli grave ca infectie sec

86
Q

paritidita endemica - oreion

A

marire vol bilaterala
aparitie acuta

87
Q

ciroza etilica si obezitate ce fac pe gl salivare

A

marire i vol bilat
asimtomatica
cronica

88
Q

tiroida marita in vol, difuza

A

gusa endemica
tiroidita Hashimoto
boala B-G

89
Q

gusa nodulara

A

mare dar se si palpeaza noduli multipli
de obicei bengni

90
Q

nodulii tir

A

apar si pe gl marite si normale
- chist/adenom
- neoplasm

Semio (16 decks)

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