export_small mammals Flashcards
What animals are in the family Myomorpha
Mouselike rodents, hamsters, rats etc
What is the name if the family for porcupine like animals?
Hystricomorpha
Insisors continually grow in muridae, what about Hystricomorpha?cheek
Cheek teeth
Aradicular teeth are
Open rooted, incisors
What vitamin do rodents gain from colonic bacteria?
B vit
Describe oxygen-Hb dissociation curve in small mammals
Right shift. Off loading increases
Methods of thermogenesis
Brown fat below scapula, nesting, shivering, sweat on feet only,
To sex mice, the ano- genital distance is…… In females
Shorter
Caviomorphs (chinchillas and GPs) have…….. Litters sizes
Small litters,
Long gest
- except hamster (15d)
How is it that rodents teeth can be ground, painlessly?
Pulp cavity with nerves below gum line so no pain if ground.
Describe teeth of myomorpha
Aradicular
Elondont
No canines
Enamel (buccal edge), dentine (lingual)
Which is longer, the upper or lower incisors?
Lower (3x) in myomorpha
Rabbits have what type of uterus? Duplex, bicornate?
Duplex
Why do rats have yellow teeth?
Fe pigments.
In what species is the urethral orofice sep from vulva in females?
Rats
What do gerbils have on their ventral midline which is often mistaken for a tumour?
Sebaceous gland
What pirate disease will GPs get after 4days wo added Vit C in diet?
Scurvy
Why is the chance of dystocia v high if GPs bred after 7mo
Pubic symphysis fuses
In what small furry species are the females larger than the males?
Hamsters
What does m pitorius furo mean?
Mouse eating smelly thief
What type of ovulators are ferrets?
Reflex
What is post oestrous anaemia?
Highly seasonal, if not mated oestrogen still released. BM depleted –> anaemia and death. Option is to supress chemically or vasectomise male
Neutering stops beg feedback of GnRH and so FSH and LH rise. What does LH stimulate?
Adrenal cells. Neoplasia.
Why are older rabbits more prone to blow flies
spinal arthritis common, cant clean and get fly strike
Pododermatitis
- Feet becoming infected due to lack of fur covering,
- from ammonia-burns in rabbits
- from wire wearing off extra-protective covering of feet
- bumblefoot in chickens
Too much digestible fibre can lead to _____ of the caecum
dysbiosis
Alfalfa is not reccomended for adults rabbits because..
v high in Ca and protein
urolithiasis
What is milk oil?
Does milk when in stomach, antimicrobial properties.
What is ‘rabbit birth’ called?
Kindling
How long is rabbit gestation?
33d
Venepuncture sites in rabbits are?
Marginal ear v
Central auricular a
Rabbits blink ___ times per hour
10
Lens accomodation is poor in rabbits, why?
Spherical lens
What structure do you have to be careful of when doing a rabbit enucleation?
Retrobulbar orbital venous sinus
What rate do rabbit incisors erupt at?
3mm/wk
What rate do cheek teeth erupt?
3mm/mth
Where are fluid often administered?
Intraosseous sites
What lymphatic tissue is found at caeco-colic jct in rabbits?
Sacculus Rotundus
What are caecotrophs?
Partially digested fibre from the caecum, excreted and re-eaten. They have a microbial coat to protect from stomach pH so can ferment in LI further
What is the Fusus coli?
Separates proximal and distal colon. Acts as a pacemaker for contractions. Rabbits
SI enterochromaffin cells secrete ______, which increase movement of stomach and colon
Motalin, in response to fat
How is immunity transfered to rabbit kittens?
Placental transfer and milk
What type of uterus do Does have?
duplex/bicornuate
Describe Ca balance in rabbits?
- Freely absorbed in SI, wo vit D
- if active transport req - vit D needed
- kidneys excrete, PTH/calcitonin mediated
- cloudy pee - high calcium conc
- urolithiasis - diet way too high in Ca, avaid spinach
Whats the name for PMNs in rabbits?
Heterophiles
how can you tell what stage of oestrous a lab rat is in?
vaginal swap/flush methanol fix nuclear stain WBCs = met/dioestrous Lymphocytes = pro/oestrous
what is the copulatory plug formed from/?
accessory gland secretion, seals vagina (rats)
when do mice, rats, hamsters, gerbils and GP reach sexual maturity?
4-6wks old
when do chinchillas reach sexual maturity?
8months old
what structure in the head are ferrets likely to injure when fighting?
salivary glands, mucoseal common
creatinine and urea often rise together in domestic animals, what animal does this not happen in?
ferrets
what is the cause of smelly ferrets?
sebaceous glands
what orientation is the pupil slit of a ferret and of a cat?
ferret = horizontal cat = verticle
when do ferrets reach puberty?
6-9months
what type of ovulators are they?
reflex
how long is ferret gestation ?
42d
why are indoor kept ferrets prone to adrenal disease?
unnatural photoperiod, very seasonal so pit gland producing lots of GnRH. LH stim adrenal glands continually and alopecia is sign.
what is the lifespan of a ferret
12yo
what is the BARF diet reccommended for ferrets
bone and raw food diet
