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VSCI200 NSF > export_small mammals > Flashcards

export_small mammals Flashcards

1
Q

What animals are in the family Myomorpha

A

Mouselike rodents, hamsters, rats etc

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2
Q

What is the name if the family for porcupine like animals?

A

Hystricomorpha

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3
Q

Insisors continually grow in muridae, what about Hystricomorpha?cheek

A

Cheek teeth

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4
Q

Aradicular teeth are

A

Open rooted, incisors

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5
Q

What vitamin do rodents gain from colonic bacteria?

A

B vit

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6
Q

Describe oxygen-Hb dissociation curve in small mammals

A

Right shift. Off loading increases

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7
Q

Methods of thermogenesis

A

Brown fat below scapula, nesting, shivering, sweat on feet only,

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8
Q

To sex mice, the ano- genital distance is…… In females

A

Shorter

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9
Q

Caviomorphs (chinchillas and GPs) have…….. Litters sizes

A

Small litters,
Long gest
- except hamster (15d)

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10
Q

How is it that rodents teeth can be ground, painlessly?

A

Pulp cavity with nerves below gum line so no pain if ground.

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11
Q

Describe teeth of myomorpha

A

Aradicular
Elondont
No canines
Enamel (buccal edge), dentine (lingual)

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12
Q

Which is longer, the upper or lower incisors?

A

Lower (3x) in myomorpha

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13
Q

Rabbits have what type of uterus? Duplex, bicornate?

A

Duplex

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14
Q

Why do rats have yellow teeth?

A

Fe pigments.

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15
Q

In what species is the urethral orofice sep from vulva in females?

A

Rats

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16
Q

What do gerbils have on their ventral midline which is often mistaken for a tumour?

A

Sebaceous gland

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17
Q

What pirate disease will GPs get after 4days wo added Vit C in diet?

A

Scurvy

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18
Q

Why is the chance of dystocia v high if GPs bred after 7mo

A

Pubic symphysis fuses

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19
Q

In what small furry species are the females larger than the males?

A

Hamsters

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20
Q

What does m pitorius furo mean?

A

Mouse eating smelly thief

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21
Q

What type of ovulators are ferrets?

A

Reflex

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22
Q

What is post oestrous anaemia?

A

Highly seasonal, if not mated oestrogen still released. BM depleted –> anaemia and death. Option is to supress chemically or vasectomise male

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23
Q

Neutering stops beg feedback of GnRH and so FSH and LH rise. What does LH stimulate?

A

Adrenal cells. Neoplasia.

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24
Q

Why are older rabbits more prone to blow flies

A

spinal arthritis common, cant clean and get fly strike

25
Q

Pododermatitis

A
  • Feet becoming infected due to lack of fur covering,
  • from ammonia-burns in rabbits
  • from wire wearing off extra-protective covering of feet
  • bumblefoot in chickens
26
Q

Too much digestible fibre can lead to _____ of the caecum

A

dysbiosis

27
Q

Alfalfa is not reccomended for adults rabbits because..

A

v high in Ca and protein

urolithiasis

28
Q

What is milk oil?

A

Does milk when in stomach, antimicrobial properties.

29
Q

What is ‘rabbit birth’ called?

A

Kindling

30
Q

How long is rabbit gestation?

A

33d

31
Q

Venepuncture sites in rabbits are?

A

Marginal ear v

Central auricular a

32
Q

Rabbits blink ___ times per hour

A

10

33
Q

Lens accomodation is poor in rabbits, why?

A

Spherical lens

34
Q

What structure do you have to be careful of when doing a rabbit enucleation?

A

Retrobulbar orbital venous sinus

35
Q

What rate do rabbit incisors erupt at?

A

3mm/wk

36
Q

What rate do cheek teeth erupt?

A

3mm/mth

37
Q

Where are fluid often administered?

A

Intraosseous sites

38
Q

What lymphatic tissue is found at caeco-colic jct in rabbits?

A

Sacculus Rotundus

39
Q

What are caecotrophs?

A

Partially digested fibre from the caecum, excreted and re-eaten. They have a microbial coat to protect from stomach pH so can ferment in LI further

40
Q

What is the Fusus coli?

A

Separates proximal and distal colon. Acts as a pacemaker for contractions. Rabbits

41
Q

SI enterochromaffin cells secrete ______, which increase movement of stomach and colon

A

Motalin, in response to fat

42
Q

How is immunity transfered to rabbit kittens?

A

Placental transfer and milk

43
Q

What type of uterus do Does have?

A

duplex/bicornuate

44
Q

Describe Ca balance in rabbits?

A
  • Freely absorbed in SI, wo vit D
  • if active transport req - vit D needed
  • kidneys excrete, PTH/calcitonin mediated
  • cloudy pee - high calcium conc
  • urolithiasis - diet way too high in Ca, avaid spinach
45
Q

Whats the name for PMNs in rabbits?

A

Heterophiles

46
Q

how can you tell what stage of oestrous a lab rat is in?

A 
vaginal swap/flush
methanol fix
nuclear stain
WBCs = met/dioestrous
Lymphocytes = pro/oestrous
47
Q

what is the copulatory plug formed from/?

A

accessory gland secretion, seals vagina (rats)

48
Q

when do mice, rats, hamsters, gerbils and GP reach sexual maturity?

A

4-6wks old

49
Q

when do chinchillas reach sexual maturity?

A

8months old

50
Q

what structure in the head are ferrets likely to injure when fighting?

A

salivary glands, mucoseal common

51
Q

creatinine and urea often rise together in domestic animals, what animal does this not happen in?

A

ferrets

52
Q

what is the cause of smelly ferrets?

A

sebaceous glands

53
Q

what orientation is the pupil slit of a ferret and of a cat?

A 
ferret = horizontal
cat = verticle
54
Q

when do ferrets reach puberty?

A

6-9months

55
Q

what type of ovulators are they?

A

reflex

56
Q

how long is ferret gestation ?

A

42d

57
Q

why are indoor kept ferrets prone to adrenal disease?

A

unnatural photoperiod, very seasonal so pit gland producing lots of GnRH. LH stim adrenal glands continually and alopecia is sign.

58
Q

what is the lifespan of a ferret

A

12yo

59
Q

what is the BARF diet reccommended for ferrets

A

bone and raw food diet

VSCI200 NSF (25 decks)

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