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VSCI200 NSF > export_pharm pns > Flashcards

export_pharm pns Flashcards

1
Q

What is the use of Adrenaline?

A
  • resuss
  • offset histamine release effect post-anaphylaxis
  • improve cardiac output and flow
  • bronchodil poss
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2
Q

What is Atenolol?

A

b-blocker; b1 selective

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3
Q

What is the use of b blockers such as atenolol?

A
  • tachycard
  • hyperthyroidism
  • HCM
  • hypertension
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4
Q

Name a a-2 antagonist?

A

Atipamezole

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5
Q

What is atipamezole?

A

a2 adreno antagonist
- reversal of sedation/analgesia = medetomidine

  • only given 30mins AFTER sedation (cats) to avoid over ‘excitation’/crazy cat
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6
Q

Name a drug that could inhibit ACh

A

Atracurium

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7
Q

What are the uses of Atracurium

A
  • block ACh
  • make IPPV easier
  • suitable for renal/hepatic disease
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8
Q

What does atropine act on?

A

Block ACh at Musc R
- mydriasis

  • tachy
  • bronchodil
  • inhib GI
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9
Q

Name the primary use of Bethanecol

A

Bladder tone

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10
Q

How does Bethanecol work?

A
  • inc bladder detrusor tone and function, doesn’t work if areflexive
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11
Q

How would you treat Bethanecol (ACh Mus agonist)

A

Atropine can reverse effect

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12
Q

What is Butylscopolamine?

A

antag of ACh Musc R (GIT and UT). can control D+ and bladder pain

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13
Q

What is Carvedilol used for?

A

non-selective B blocker

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14
Q

What is cis-atracurium?

A

isomer. inhib ACh Nic R

- Neuro-musc blockade in GA

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15
Q

Name a direct B-2 agonist, begining with C?

A

Clenbuterol

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16
Q

What is clenbbuterol commonly used for?

A

Bronchodil in horses; more potent than epinephrine and salbutamol

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17
Q

What possible side effects might an B2 agonist give?

A

tachy card
muscle tremors

smooth m relax

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18
Q

What is the purpose of Clonidine?

A

To stim GnRH release

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19
Q

Detomidine is a…?

A

A2 agonist
- can be analgesic, sedative

  • reduces excitatory response
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20
Q

Medetomidine is a..?

A

A2 agonist
- analgesia

  • sedation
  • m relaxation
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21
Q

What is the purpose of using Dexmed + ket?

A

short (30m) of surgical anaesthesia (cats only)

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22
Q

what is the significance of dexmedatomidine and medatomidine?

A

dex is 2x more potent

23
Q

If dex/med reversed w/ atipamezole what is required?

A

Analgesia!

24
Q

What are the main side effects of medetomidine?

A
  • peri vasocon
  • bradycardia
  • RR falls but depth inc (hyperpnoeic)
25
Q

Dobutamine is a ____ agonist?

A

B1 agonist
also synthetic catecholamine

with B2 and A1 effects

26
Q

B1 selective agonists are used to treat…

A

cardiac failure, hypotensive,bradycardia

27
Q

What is dopamine?

A

endogenous catecholamine; precursor of NA

28
Q

Why is dopamine used?

A

tx shock
support systolic fct

vasodil, inc contractility

29
Q

Edrophonium is a?

A

comp inhib AChE

30
Q

Why is a AChE inhib useful?

A

to diag myasthenia gravis

tx atrial tachycardia

31
Q

Name a very short acting b blocker

A

Esmolol

32
Q

What B R does Esmolol target?

A

B1

33
Q

Glycopyrronium reverses the parasympathetic effect at musc R. What uses has it?

A
  • decrease oral/bronchal secretions
  • longer acting than atropine and preferred in rabbits
  • inhib bradycardia caused by opioids
34
Q

What is Isoxoprine?

A

B2 R agonist

laminitis/nevicular disease tx

35
Q

What is Neostigmine used for?

A

inc action of ACh at NMJ

36
Q

What are the benefits of Neostigmine?

A
  • polar - low CNS penetration
  • long acting
  • can diag myaesthenia gravis
37
Q

What is the purpose of OPs in cats/dogs?

A
  • inhib AChE
  • irreversible binding
  • antihelmintics
  • poisoning - myscle fasciulations, convulsions
38
Q

What is pancuronium?

A

ACh inhib

39
Q

Phenoxybenzamine is

A

irreversible blocker of A-R

40
Q

Phenylephrine is?

A

A1 agonist
- dilate iris

  • hypotension tx
  • mydriasis
41
Q

Pilocarpine

A

stim cholinergic R

42
Q

What does pilocarpine cause?

A

miosis
improved aq flow

glaucoma tx

43
Q

Prazosin is a B1 antagonist used to treat

A

CHF secondary to mitral valve regurg

44
Q

Propanthaline is a

A

musc antag to treat bradycardia, incontinence and spasmodic GI upset

45
Q

Propanalol is used for

A

cardic arrhyth

anxiety

46
Q

Pyridostigmine

A

reversible ACh inhib; longer DOA than neostigmine

47
Q

Romifidine is same family of xylazine and detomidine, what is it?

A

A2 agonist, causes less ataxia

48
Q

Salbutamol causes

A

smooth m relaxation and bronchodil

49
Q

Suxamethonium is used for laryngeal analgesia in …

A

cats, rabbits and primates

50
Q

Terbutaline stim bronchodil, what R does it agonise?

A

B2

51
Q

Tropicamide inhib ACh at the ciliary body, what does it cause?

A

mydriasis and cycloplegia. NOT TO TX GLAUCOMA

52
Q

Vecuronium acts to _____ ACh

A

inhibits.

53
Q

Xylasine is..NO LONGER REALLY USED. SEDATIVE

A

replaced by medetomidine

VSCI200 NSF (25 decks)

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