**EXAM1- Health Screening Flashcards
when must a client see a physician before clearance for exercise
if someone has a sign or symptom of CV, metabolic, or renal disease
CMR
CV, metabolic, renal
CMR used to include what
pulmonary
-not as big of a risk factor with exercise
what was initially the primary factor in ACSM’s health screening process in deciding whether a client needed to see a physician before starting an exercise program
identifying risk factors
-in 2015 they changed the screening process to no longer be based on risk factors
-while CV risk factors may no longer be used to decide whether a client needs to see a physician before starting a program, they can still be very important in determining training variables (intensity, frequency, etc.) + determining goals for a client
“signs + symptoms” means
means the person has the disease
“risk factors” means
means they MAY have the disease later down the road
bad cholesterol
LDL
good cholesterol
HDL
signs
what the person is presenting
symptoms
what the person tells you they are feeling
signs/symptoms of CVD
-pain/discomfort in the chest, neck, jaw, arms, or other areas that may be due to ischemia or lack of oxygenated blood flow
-dyspnea (SOB) at rest or at mild exertion may be an indication of underlying cardiac +/or pulmonary disease
-syncope + dizziness during exercise
-orthopnea + paroxysmal noctural dyspnea
-ankle edema or swelling, not injury-related
-palpitations + tachycardia
-intermittent claudications
-heart murmurs
-known disease
dyspnea
shortness of breath
syncope
loss of consciousness, most commonly caused by reduced perfusion of the brain
orthopnea
dyspnea occurring at rest in the recumbent position (lying on back) that is relieved promptly by sitting upright or standing
paroxysmal noctural dyspnea
dyspnea, beginning usually 2-5 hours after the onset of sleep, which may be relieved by sitting on the side of the bed or getting out of bed
both orthopnea + paroxysmal noctural dyspnea are symptoms of
left ventricular dysfunction
intermitttent claudication
the pain that occurs in the lower extremities with an inadequate blood supply (usually as a result of atherosclerosis) that is brought on by exercise
current list of cardio/metabolic/renal diseases (CMR)
-heart attack
-heart surgery, cardiac catheterization, or coronary angioplasty
-pacemaker/implantable cardiac defibrillator/rhythm disturbance
-heart valve disease
-heart failure
-heart transplantation
-congenital heart disease
-diabetes- type 1 + 2
-renal disease such as renal failure
resting measurements
predominantly revolve around CV system + are used to ensure a client is not at risk to start an exercise assessment/training
2 most common resting measurements
-HR
-BP
other resting measurements
-ECG
-body composition
blood pressure
the force exerted by circulating blood on the walls of the vessels
-should be based on 2 or more properly measured recordings
Hagaen-Pouiselle’s equation
ΔP=8Lη/(πr^4 )
variables of Hagaen-Pouiselle’s equation
L = length of vessel
n = viscosity of blood
r = radius of vessel
according to Hagaen-Pouiselle’s equation, what has the biggest impact on pressure
radius
-it is the variable the body uses to regularly control BP
white coat hypertension
clients who have normal BP outside of a clinical environment + are not taking any prescribed antihypertensive medications develop higher than normal values when their BP is measured by a healthcare professional
masked hypertension
clients who exhibit higher than normal BP readings outside of a clinical environment yet have normal reading in a clinical setting
where is masked hypertension more common
younger adults
