Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physiology 2232 > Exam 4: Renal > Flashcards

Exam 4: Renal Flashcards

1
Q

what supplies the kidney with blood?

A

renal artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the blood supply for the convoluted tubules?

A

peritubular capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

which limb of the loop of Henle allows sodium to leave?

A

ascending

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what regulates GFR?

A

sympathetic nervous system and kidneys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is not able to pass through the filter of the glomerulus?

A

blood cells and plasma proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the response of the afferent arteriole if the GFR is low?

A

dilate the AA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

which cells produce renin?

A

juxtaglomerular cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what does dilating the afferent arteriole achieve?

A

increased blood volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

by what process does secretion occur?

A

active transport

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

this hormone is stimulated when plasma osmolarity is high

A

ADH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

these muscles surround the urethra

A

sphincters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what does filtration require?

A

filter and pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

which hormone affects the permeability of the collecting duct of the renal tubule?

A

ADH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the average GFR of a 70kg person?

A

125 ml/min

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

in a case of increased BP or osmolarity, what is the GFR?

A

GFR is high

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the response of the body to high osmolarity?

A

increase ADH, ANF, decrease aldosterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

chemical from garlic/artichokes that should be completely excreted

A

inulin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

this hormone is stimulated when blood volume is too high

A

ANF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what does it mean if 100% of inulin is not excreted?

A

GFR is too slow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what are the 2 parts of a nephron?

A

glomerulus and renal tubule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

by what process are nutrients reabsorbed?

A

active transport

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is able to pass through the filter of the glomerulus?

A

water and solutes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

when is renin released?

A

when BP is low

24
Q

what is the pressure called in the capillaries?

A

glomerular hydrostatic pressure

25
Q

forms a filtrate from blood that is free of cells and proteins

A

glomerulus

26
Q

this hormone makes the collecting ducts more permeable to water, resulting in more water reabsorption

A

ADH

27
Q

which limb of the loop of Henle allows water to leave?

A

descending

28
Q

these smooth muscles line the wall of the urinary bladder and are innervated by parasympathetic neurons

A

detrusor muscles

29
Q

where is filtration pressure highest?

A

in the capillaries

30
Q

when a substance moves from the tubule back into the peritubular capillaries

A

tubular reabsorption

31
Q

how does the sympathetic nervous system regulate GFR?

A

decreases blood flow to the kidneys

32
Q

a measure of how quickly a substance is removed from the blood

A

clearance

33
Q

volume of filtrate formed per minute

A

glomerular filtration rate (GFR)

34
Q

what releases ADH?

A

posterior pituitary

35
Q

where does the counter current mechanism occur?

A

loop of Henle

36
Q

If H+ is secreted, what is saved/reabsorbed?

A

K+

37
Q

when a substance moves from the peritubular capillaries to the tubule

A

tubular secretion

38
Q

what are the 3 steps to urine formation?

A

glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, tubular secretion

39
Q

makes urine by altering the blood volume and composition

A

nephron

40
Q

filtration rate + secretion rate - reabsorption rate

A

excretion rate

41
Q

where are receptors for plasma osmolarity?

A

hypothalamus

42
Q

where is the main site of secretion?

A

distal convoluted tubule

43
Q

what brings blood to the glomerulus?

A

afferent arteriole

44
Q

under what type of innervation is the micturition reflex?

A

parasympathetic

45
Q

this hormone causes loss of water and Na+

A

ANF

46
Q

what is the response of the afferent arteriole if the GFR is high?

A

constrict the AA

47
Q

if you save Na+ (with Aldosterone), what will be lost?

A

K+

48
Q

functional unit in the kidney

A

nephron

49
Q

takes filtrate and adds or removes substances

A

renal tubule

50
Q

what does vasoconstriction or vasodilation of afferent arterioles do?

A

changes filtration rate

51
Q

in a case of decreased BP or osmolarity, what is the GFR?

A

GFR is low

52
Q

what is the response of the body to low osmolarity?

A

increase aldosterone, decrease ADH

53
Q

at what point can filtrate be called urine?

A

when it’s past the collecting ducts

54
Q

what empties the glomerulus of blood?

A

efferent arteriole

55
Q

where does the majority of tubular reabsorption take place?

A

proximal convoluted tubule

56
Q

what is GFR directly proportional to?

A

membrane permeability and surface area

Physiology 2232 (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions