Exam 4 Part 7 Flashcards
urethra
retroperitoneal tube: smooth muscle; urninary bladder to outside
2 sphincters
female: short, straight, single function
Male: longer, S-shaped, transports both urine and semen
Urethra sphincters
internal urethral sphincter
external urethral sphincter
internal urethral sphincter
involuntary muscle; superior, formed from detrusor muscle of bladder
external urethral sphincter
inferior, voluntary muscule
ovaries
2 - anchored to pelvic cavity by CT
ovarian cycle at birth
human female has all oocytes will ever have; meiosis has begun but not completed (Prophase I)
these are all primary oocytes ( within primordial follicle)
many regress before puberty
ovarian cycle at puberty
hormones stimulate follicles to grow
each month, approx. 20 follicles grow, because primary follicles and produce estrogen
estrogen prepares uterus for possible pregnancy
a few of these 1o follicles to become 2o follicles
one 2o follicle becomes vesicular follicle, others regress
the oocyte within this folllicle completes meiosis I and is now a 2o oocyte-haploid- at Metaphase II
ovulation
follicle ruptures and releases 2o oocyte
occurs about 14 days into menstrual cycle
2o oocyte released to peritoneal cavity near opening to uterine tube; is drawn into tube
ovum
sperm has fertilized oocyte, and meiosis completed
fertilization
nuclei of ovum and sperm fuse
implantation
about 1 week after fertilization\
zygote implants in uterus - start of pregnancy
corpus luteum
follicle after oocyte is released
regresses with no pregnancy
produces hormones to prevent ovulation during pregnancy
neopause
when no more follicles remain
accessory female sex organs
oviducts
fimbriae
oviducts
Fallopian tubes
connect to uterus (not attached to ovary)
smooth muscle contractions move oocyte along
sperm swim upstream against currents pulling oocyte
fertilization occurs here
diameter tiny
