Exam 4 Part 2

Question 1

Thymus

Answer 1

in mediastinum, anterior to heart
size decreases as age increases
T lymphocytes mature here

Question 2

Red bone marrow

Answer 2

hemocytoblasts (precursor to lymphocytes)

B lymphocytes mature here

Question 3

hemocytoblasts

Answer 3

precursor germ cells to both T and B cells

Question 4

B cells

Answer 4

remain in bone marrow and mature into lymphocytes here
after mature can migrate to other lmphati tissues
will divide as needed to make B lymphocytes

Question 5

B lymphocytes

Answer 5

produce antibodies

Question 6

T cells

Answer 6

leave bone marrow in immature state during fetal and neonatal life
migrate to thymus where they mature
after mature can migrate to other lymphatic tissues
will divide as needed to T lymphocyte

Question 7

Respiration

Answer 7

ventilation, gas exchange, use of oxygem

Question 8

ventilation

Answer 8

breathing
moving air by moving chest wall
lungs adhere to chest wall
movement of interostal/thoracic muscles and diaphragm

Question 9

Upper respiratory tract

Answer 9

nose
pharynx
-nasopharynx
-oropharynx
-laryngopharynx

Question 10

nose

Answer 10

one nasal cavity divided by septum
nostril (2)
choana (2)
vibrissae
lined with epithelium; goblet cells
projections: chonchae (turbinate bones)
paranasal sinuses in 4 bones
lacrimal ducts
superior and middle conchae from ethmoid bone

Question 11

pharynx

Answer 11

back of throat 
connection of oral and nasal cavity, larynx, esophagus -> stomach
digestive and respiratory
includes tonsils 
3 regions

Question 12

pharynx regions

Answer 12

nasopharynx
oropharyx
laryngopharynx

Question 13

naspharynx

Answer 13

respiratory only
uvula-hangs from soft palate
auditory tubes (Eustachian)
pharynxgeal tonsil (adenoids)
lined by pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelial tissue with goblet cells

Question 14

oropharynx

Answer 14

digestive and respiratory
tongue attaches
2 pair tonsils: palatine and lingual
lined by stratified squamous ET

Question 15

laryngopharynx

Answer 15

digestive and respiratory

lined by stratified squamous ET

Question 16

larnyx

Answer 16

voice box
prevents food/drink from entering trachae
lets air pass
secondary function - sound production (vocal cords)
9 cartilages; know 3

Question 17

laryngeal cartilages

Answer 17

thyroid cartilage and laryngeal prominance (hyaline cartilage)
epiglottis (elastic cartilage) helps close glottis
cricoid (hyaline cart. ring; connects to trachea)

Question 18

lower respiratory system

Answer 18

larynx
trachae
bronchial tree
alveoli
lungs