Exam 4 Part 4

Question 1

mesenteries

Answer 1

double layer of peritoneum

Question 2

mesentery specific types

Answer 2

falciform ligament
greater omentum
lesser omentum
mesentary proper
mesercolon

Question 3

falciform ligament

Answer 3

mesentery

liver to abdominal wall and diaphragm

Question 4

greater omentum

Answer 4

mesentery

covers organs, stores fat

Question 5

lesser omentum

Answer 5

mesentery

stomach to liver

Question 6

mesentary proper

Answer 6

supports small intestine

Question 7

mesercolon

Answer 7

supports large intestine

Question 8

retroperitoneal organs

Answer 8

pancrease
duodenum
kidneys
bladder
rectum

Question 9

intraperitoneal organs

Answer 9

liver
stomach
most small intestine
transeverse colon

Question 10

layers/tunics

Answer 10

mucosa
submucosa
muscularis
adventitia/serosa

Question 11

mucosa

Answer 11

innermost layer
mucous membrane, lines lumen
epithelium (absorption, simple/stratified)
lamina propria (CT)
muscularis mucosa (smooth muscle)

Question 12

submucosa

Answer 12

second innermost layer

CT, blood and lymph vessels, nerves, glands

Question 13

muscularis

Answer 13

third layer
moves materials trhough digestive tract
mostly smooth muscle in 2 layers
sphincters prevent back flow

Question 14

adventitia/serosa

Answer 14

outermost layer

mixed tissues

Question 15

adventita

Answer 15

CT

Question 16

serosa

Answer 16

CT and visceral peritoneum

Question 17

stomach

Answer 17

esophagus to small intestine J shape
churns food, some chemical digestion -> chyme
6 regions
2 curvatures
wall

Question 18

stomach regions

Answer 18

cardia, fundus, body, antrum, pylorus, pyloric sphincter

Question 19

stomach curvatures

Answer 19

greater -greater omentum attaches

lesser -lesser omentum attaches

Question 20

stomach wall

Answer 20

variation on smae 4 tunics
mucosa has simple columnar ET
mucosa folds ->rugae
gastric pits/glands -secrete various chemicals
three layers in muscularis (innermost -oblique layer)

Question 21

rugae

Answer 21

mucosa/gastric folds

Question 22

3 muscularis layers in stomach

Answer 22

longitudinal
circular
oblique

Question 23

small intestine

Answer 23

stomach to large intestine 
3 regions 
muscularis -2 layers 
various glands in mucosa and submucosa
mesentery proper

Question 24

small intestine regions

Answer 24

duodenum
jejunum
ileum

Question 25

duodenum

Answer 25

1st region; pyloric sphincter; receives secretions from liver, gall bladder and pancrease

Question 26

jejunum

Answer 26

2nd region;

most absorption here

Question 27

ileum

Answer 27

last region; ileocecal valve
absorption enhanced by foldings
plicae circularis
intestinal villi
microvilli

Question 28

plicae circularis

Answer 28

folds of mucosa and submucosa

Question 29

intestinal villi

Answer 29

projections of mucosa only
simple columnar epithelial cells with many goblet cells
blood capillaries (absorb small molecules)
lacteals -lymph vessels that absorb large molecules
functional unit of digestive system

Question 30

microvilli

Answer 30

extensions/folds of cell membranes; brush border

Question 31

large intestine

Answer 31

large diameter 
5 regions
little digestion, mostly water and mineral absorption
forms, stores, expels feces 
mesocolon

Question 32

large intestine regions

Answer 32

ceum, colon, rectum, anal canal, anus

Question 33

colon regions

Answer 33

ascending, transvere, descending, sigmoid

Question 34

accessory digestive organs

Answer 34

liver
gall bladder
pancreas
biliary apparatus

Question 35

liver

Answer 35

largest internal organs
hepatocytes
4 lobes
bile ducts

Question 36

liver lobes

Answer 36

4; main lobes: right and left
separated by falciform ligament
right subdivided into caudate and quadrate

Question 37

right liver lobe

Answer 37

subdived into caudate and quadrate

Question 38

ligamentum teres

Answer 38

connects liver to umbilicus