Exam 2 Part 8

Question 1

Nervous system functions

Answer 1

sensory perception
prcoess/integrate within CNS
motor functions

Question 2

Nervous system cell types

Answer 2

neurons and glial cells

Question 3

neuron

Answer 3

nerve cell - basic structural and functional unit of nervous system
electrically excitable
number established at birth; cannot divide
high metabolic rate

Question 4

nerve cell parts

Answer 4

cell body - most cytoplasm, nucleus, organelles
dendrites
axons

Question 5

dentrites

Answer 5

usually many - branched processes, carry signal to cell body

Question 6

axon

Answer 6

1 - can be very long

carries signal away from cell body

Question 7

axon hillock

Answer 7

tapered area where cell body meets axon

Question 8

axon collateral

Answer 8

a branch off axon - not always present

Question 9

axon terminal

Answer 9

ends of axon branches

Question 10

nerve fiber

Answer 10

axon (or elongated dentries)

Question 11

ganglia

Answer 11

clusters of cell bodies in PNS

Question 12

neuron types by classification

Answer 12

sensory/afferent
motor/efferent
association/interneurons

Question 13

sensory/afferent neurons

Answer 13

carry sensory impulses from receptors in PNS to CNS

cell bodies are in PNS (ganglia)

Question 14

motor/efferent neurons

Answer 14

carry motor impulses originating in CNS to effectors in muscles or glands within PNS
some are somatic
some are autonomic
cell bodies within CNS

Question 15

Association neurons/interneurons

Answer 15

between sensory and motor neurons; entirely within CNS; can contract - motor neuron; cell bodies with in CNS 99% of our neurons

Question 16

structural classification

Answer 16

multipolar
Bipolar
Unipolar/pseudopolar

Question 17

Multipolar neurons

Answer 17

most common type -several dendrites, 1 axon

motor neurons, inerneurons, cell bodies within CNS

Question 18

Bipolar neurons

Answer 18

2 processes, 1 axon, 1 dendrite

sensory - in retina, some olfactory, some auditory

Question 19

unipolar or pseudopolor neurons

Answer 19

2 processes that fuse (called axon)

sensory neurons - cell bodies within ganglia of PNS

Question 20

neurglia

Answer 20

glial cells
90% of cells in nervous system (PNS or CNS)
essential, metabolize and structural support for neurons
Do not transmit signals
can divide (limited)