Exam 2 Part 5

Question 1

muscle architecure

Answer 1

parallel
convergent
pennate
sphincter

Question 2

parallel

Answer 2

up and down muscle architecture

Question 3

convergent

Answer 3

fan shaped muscle architecture

Question 4

pennate

Answer 4

feature like muscle architecture

Question 5

sphincter

Answer 5

concentric, circular muscle architecture

Question 6

agonist

Answer 6

contraction produces a specific movement

Question 7

antagonist

Answer 7

opposite function, often on opposite side of a joint; elongates muscles so can contract again

Question 8

synergistic

Answer 8

work together to produce movement

Question 9

muscle names based on…

Answer 9

shape
attachment/bone
location
size and length
action
number of heads

Question 10

cardiac muscle

Answer 10

striated, involuntary uni (or bi) nucleated, often bifurated
intercalated discs
wall of heart
contract independent of nervous system

Question 11

bifurated

Answer 11

branched

Question 12

intercalated discs

Answer 12

thickened borders/boundary between adjacent cardiac muscle cells (has desmosomes and gap junctions)

Question 13

myocardium

Answer 13

wall of heart

Question 14

smooth muscle

Answer 14

involuntary, visceral muscle
spindle shaped, uninucleate
no myofibrils thus no striations (do have actin and myosin myofilaments)
nervous system control, affected by hormones
walls of organs, blood vessels, directs respiratory passages
slower to contract than skeletal but also slower to tire