Exam 4 - Book Notes Flashcards
_________-Study of humans, not animals
Humanistic
_________-Human system is greater than sum of its parts
Holistic
_________-Whole person from birth to death
Historic
_________-Focus on interior, experiential, and existential aspects of personality
Phenomenological
_________-Person in nature, society, and culture—not the experimental lab
Real life
_________-Joy, fruitful activities, virtuous actions and attributes
Positivity
_________-Choices, decisions, voluntary actions
Will
_________-A philosophy of life that describes what is desirable
Value
Your particular experience of the world is called your _________
construal
Wundt-
research assistants tried to observe their own perceptions and thought processes _________
introspection
existential anxiety, or _________
Angst
-WHO-
_________ optimistic toughness
Sartre
_________ entails being honest, insightful, and morally correct
authentic existence
_________ , or “nonself
anatta
_________ - the idea that the independent, singular self you sense inside your mind is merely an illusion
anatta
Accord- ing to Maslow, human motivation is characterized by a _________
hierarchy of needs
_________- , thought that a person’s individual experience of the world was the most important part of her psychology
George Kelly
A corollary of personal construct theory, which Kelly called the _________
sociality corollary,
Kelly-
_________ - understanding another person means understanding her personal construct system
sociality corollary,
Salvatore Maddi was a _________
Humanistic psychologist
happiness can be sought via two basic routes
_________ route -is to maximize pleasure and minimize pain
hedonia
happiness can be sought via two basic routes
_________ route -entails seeking a deeper meaning to life by pursuing important goals, building relationships, and being aware of taking responsibility for one’s choices in lif
eudaimonia
distinction between hedonia and eudaimonia is an important basis of Richard Ryan’s and Edward Deci’s _________
self-determination theory
CORE VIRTUES IDENTIFIED BY POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY:
- Courage
- Justice
- _________
- Temperance
- Wisdom
- _________
- Humanity
- Transcendence
_________ IDENTIFIED BY POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY:
- Courage
- Justice
- Humanity
- Temperance
- Wisdom
- Transcendence
CORE VIRTUES
CORE VIRTUES IDENTIFIED BY POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY:
_________ -Strengths that protect against excess; examples include forgiveness, humility, prudence, and self-control.
Temperance
_________ Humanism: Rogers and Maslow
Optimistic
Personal Constructs: _________
Kelly
Hardiness: _________
Maddi
Maddi’s theory of _________ argues that people should embrace life’s challenges rather than seek to avoid all stress.
hardiness
Maddi’s theory of hardiness argues that people should embrace life’s _________ rather than seek to avoid all _________ .
- challenges
- stress
_________ Theory: Deci and Ryan
Self-Determination
Deci and Ryan’s self-determination theory asserts that happiness can be pursued through _________ means (seeking pleasure and comfort) or _________ means (seeking to fulfill one’s potential)
- hedonic
- eudaimonic
_________-A child picks up the culture into which she is born
enculturation
_________-a person who moves from one country to another may gradually pick up the culture of her new home
acculturation
-COUNTRY-
_________- Vertical Collectivism
China
-COUNTRY-
_________- Vertical Individualism
France
-COUNTRY-
_________- Horizontal Collectivism
Israel
-COUNTRY-
_________- Horizontal Individualism
Norway
_________ - When one believes that the individual is more important than the group
ideocentrism
_________ - When one believes that the group is more important than the individual
allocentrism
Kelly’s unique contribution was to emphasize how one’s _________ (thinking) system assem- bles one’s various construals of the world into individually held theories called _________
- cognitive
- personal constructs
_________ unique contribution was to emphasize how one’s cognitive (thinking) system assembles one’s various _________ of the world into individually held theories called
personal constructs
- Kelly’s
- construals
_________ societies assume that individual people are importantly different from each other
Vertical
_________ societies tend to view all persons as essentially equal
horizontal
_________ , a lifestyle that embraces rather than avoids potential sources of stress - Maddi
hardiness